Reporter | Zhou Shuqi
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With the rapid development of the artificial intelligence industry, the competition for artificial intelligence talents is becoming increasingly fierce. Recently, CIIC Consulting released the "Artificial Intelligence Industry Talent Management Research Report" (hereinafter referred to as the "Report"), showing that the turnover rate of the artificial intelligence industry increased year-on-year, the supply of personnel in science and technology positions was tight, and the supply-demand ratio of algorithm design posts and application development posts was below 0.2.
According to a survey by CIIC Consulting, the active turnover rate of employees of ai-company enterprises in first-tier cities in 2020 was 20.5%, 6.7 percentage points higher than the average turnover rate of first-tier cities, and the active turnover rate of AI enterprises in first-tier cities in the first half of 2021 was 11.8%, 0.9% higher than that of the same period last year, and the flow of personnel was more frequent.
According to the data of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, it is estimated that the effective talent gap in the mainland artificial intelligence industry will reach 300,000, of which the technical talent gap is large. The report points out that the supply of talents in algorithm research posts and application development posts in the artificial intelligence industry is extremely tight, and the ratio of talent supply and demand is only 0.13 and 0.17; the supply of talents in practical skills posts basically meets the demand, and the talent supply and demand ratio is 0.98, and there is still a mild shortage of supply.
In different technical directions, computer vision talents are extremely scarce, the supply and demand ratio is only 0.09, and natural language processing, machine learning and artificial intelligence chip talents are also in a state of shortage, with talent supply and demand ratios of 0.2, 0.23 and 0.37 respectively.
On the contrary, other positions such as senior management posts, product manager posts and sales posts are in a state where the supply of talents is much greater than the demand, and the supply and demand ratio of talents is 3.44, 4.52 and 7.14 respectively, and the supply of talents is sufficient.
The ratio of supply and demand of talents in different positions in the industrial intelligence industry. Image source: CIIC Consulting
In order to grab talents, the main measure of artificial intelligence companies is to continuously increase the salaries of relevant talents. The survey found that the salary adjustment rate of artificial intelligence enterprises in first-tier cities in 2021 was 7.9%, an increase of 0.4% over last year, 1.5 percentage points higher than the average salary adjustment rate of first-tier cities.
Specifically, in first-tier cities, the average annual salary of senior engineers in different directions of algorithm design posts is between 440,000 and 550,000 yuan, of which the average salary of natural language processing is the highest, about 551,000 yuan, and the average salary of senior engineers in other popular directions of algorithm design is about 450,000 yuan.
In terms of human capital investment, in 2020, the per capita labor cost of artificial intelligence enterprises is 359,000 yuan, while the per capita labor cost of the entire industry of A-share listing is 160,000 yuan, and the artificial intelligence enterprises are 199,000 yuan higher, and the human capital investment in the artificial intelligence industry is extremely high.
In terms of per capita salary, the per capita salary of artificial intelligence enterprises is 275,000 yuan, which is 143,000 yuan higher than that of A shares as a whole, and the incentive of employees is ahead of the A shares as a whole. In the high-tech industry representative subdivision industry, the per capita R&D investment and per capita salary of R&D personnel in the artificial intelligence industry are in a relatively leading position, in order to maintain its competitiveness in the talent market.
2020 CIIC Consulting High-tech Industry Representative Subdivision Industry Innovator Incentive (10,000 yuan). Image source: CIIC Consulting
It should be noted that in 2020, the per capita revenue of mainland artificial intelligence enterprises will be only 1.546 million yuan, and the entire industry of mainland A-shares will be listed as low as about 440,000 yuan. Because the transformation ability of artificial intelligence enterprises to transform scientific and technological achievements is still limited, and most of the current enterprises are in the start-up stage, the revenue scale is quite different from that of mature industries, resulting in the current per capita efficiency performance is relatively backward, and there is still a lot of room for improvement.
From the perspective of labor cost production efficiency, the revenue brought by artificial intelligence enterprises per yuan of labor costs is 4.59 yuan, as a comparison, the A-share listing of the whole industry is 11.66 yuan, and the labor cost of artificial intelligence enterprises is low.
The report believes that artificial intelligence enterprises are related to R& D-intensive enterprises, R & D personnel labor cost input is higher, but the output is not fixed, and artificial intelligence enterprises are in the stage of technology investment accumulation, the scale of revenue generated is still small, and the efficiency generated by labor cost input has not been reflected.
In order to alleviate the pressure on talents, since 2018, the Ministry of Education and relevant departments have successively issued policy documents to encourage colleges and universities to carry out artificial intelligence professional construction and related talent training, and by February 2021, more than 300 colleges and universities have opened artificial intelligence majors or have artificial intelligence professional construction qualifications.
In addition to the construction of artificial intelligence majors, domestic universities have begun to establish artificial intelligence colleges, artificial intelligence research institutes and other professional institutions, from the school level, the establishment of artificial intelligence professional research institutions are both Peking University, Tsinghua University, Fudan University and Nanjing University and other "double first-class" universities, as well as Shanghai University of Electronics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, East China Jiaotong University and Hefei Vocational College of Finance and Economics and other ordinary universities.