Every winter, it is a time for new energy car owners to collectively worry, not only the power is dropped badly, but also the follow-up mileage of the air conditioner is directly cut. Recently, Tesla owners in North America have encountered more serious problems - air conditioning failure, and many owners have reported that in the case of extreme cold, the heat pump air conditioner of Tesla models cannot operate normally. In response, Tesla recalled 26681 vehicle models and will solve this problem through OTA software upgrades.
In 2020, when Tesla used heat pump air conditioners on a large scale, many people regarded this as a vane in the mainstream market. Up to now, the heat pump air conditioner on the pure electric vehicle is still a big plus, but now we have to re-examine the right and wrong of the heat pump air conditioner.
We are all just, ordinary fuel vehicles are driven by the engine air conditioning compressor for refrigeration, the use of cooling circulating water residual temperature for heating. In the era of new energy, because of the change to electric drive, all the usual heating uses PTC air conditioning. And this kind of air conditioning is similar to the small sun at home, the heating effect is obvious, but it is also very power-consuming. On the other hand, the heat pump air conditioner alleviates the embarrassment of this air conditioner in the new energy model.
"Heat pump air conditioning", as the name suggests, is similar to the pump used for pumping, the heat generated by the vehicle in operation is transported to the car for heating, and the final effect is no different from that of ordinary air conditioning. Compared with the ordinary air conditioner heated by electric heat wire, the heat pump air conditioner only carries the heat, so the power consumption will be smaller and more favored in the new energy model. Because of this, in the winter endurance test, even if the Tesla model is equipped with a lithium iron phosphate battery, the winter battery life is not too outrageous, and the mileage of 29 kilometers more than the ordinary air-conditioned model will be in the test results.
The benefits of heat pump air conditioning are obvious, but the disadvantages are also obvious. This mode of operation of the heat pump air conditioner determines that if the temperature outside the car is too low, and the heat manufactured by the vehicle is dispersed, the efficiency of this process will be greatly reduced. According to the complaint of Tesla owners, Tesla has air conditioning failure problems, mainly in extremely cold weather, and this temperature in -10 ° weather, also tesla called "inefficient range".
In order to solve this problem, Tesla has adopted a software control to achieve heat pump, motor, PTC with heat production scheme, so that the model in the working environment of 10-30 ° C, is 5 times the thermal efficiency ratio of ordinary air conditioners. However, this hybrid collaboration program is controlled by software, and the recall in March last year to February this year reflects Tesla's lack of new plans for low temperature weather.
Write at the end
Heat pump air conditioning, the principle of household air conditioning heating to electric vehicles, when driving we can get a more energy-efficient, smaller heating solution. However, the high cost of heat pump air conditioning coupled with the complex structure, as well as the double defects of weather and software when working, make it difficult to widely use in the pure electricity market. How to solve the dual problems of heating and battery life in cold areas is still the main issue in the industry in a short period of time.