As we all know, the military system of the Ming Dynasty was the Weisuo system, which was founded by Zhu Yuanzhang, the ancestor of the Ming Dynasty, and its concept came from the Military System of the Sui and Tang Dynasties. In Zhu Yuanzhang's own words, he did not need a single penny from the national treasury to raise an army of millions. In the Ming Dynasty, all localities, including counties and counties, set up wei and suo, which were unified by the capital division and the capital of the five armies. That is to say, the commanders and envoys of the provinces are under the jurisdiction of the governors of the five armies of the central government.
One of the health posts is the core combat unit of the army is the commander, which includes 5,600 households. Every sergeant had his own family, wives and children were together, and thousands of such military households formed the core class of the Ming Dynasty military. The area where the guardhouse is stationed is a predominantly military city. In non-wartime. Whether it is the tunba shu two of the ordinary guards or the tun tian of the whole people of the tun wei, the full-time tun tian production will always account for the majority, and one guard of five thousand people, who are specifically responsible for farming, may account for more than four thousand, and the daily practice is less than a thousand, which is the norm. And most importantly, these families will also have their own children, their children are still military households, and only one child is needed to succeed the father's sergeant status, his brother will remain a military household as a military surplus, but they no longer have career restrictions, farming and business or reading and studying does not matter at all, which is why so many high-ranking officials such as Shangshu Shilang Yushi of the Ming Dynasty are Weishou.
For the health centers that have military tasks or military strongholds, their military tasks are relatively heavy, and their own production is often insufficient, and they also need the transfer of the central authorities. This kind of operation must go through the local civilian government, but the Ming dynasty civil official system is diametrically opposed to the military household system, and the Ming dynasty civil official system is mainly divided into two parts, the election system and the appointment system. The center is basically elected officials, while the local officials are basically appointed officials, and the local officials are basically changed every three years, in order to prevent local officials from becoming bigger. That is to say, civilian officials are circulating, while military households are fixed.
At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, military generals were higher than civilian officials, and after the Ming Xuanzong period, the local guard commanders had to call themselves "Endang" if they wanted to visit the prefect. If the commander of the guard station and the local prefect meet on the road and the prefect does not get off the horse to pay respects, the official of the guard house can directly and angrily "whip the servants". At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the general soldiers had the good name of a marquis, and when they met local officials, the local officials were all "polite as a courtesy." However, with the passage of time, the status of civilian officials continued to improve, and the status of the military general Xungui clique was constantly attacked by dimensionality reduction, especially after the change of Tumubao, the military general clique was completely trampled under the feet of the civilian official clique.
In the twelfth year of Emperor Mingwu's reign, Emperor Mingwuzong Zhu Houzhao Zhengde impeached the other side separately, the Sichuan envoy impeached the Left Guard of Chengdu for plundering the people's wealth and harassing the localities, and the Sichuan Governor impeached the Chengdu prefect Yamen for encroaching on military fields. Since it was a mutual complaint, Emperor Mingwuzong and the cabinet did not know how to deal with it for a while. So what is right and wrong in this matter? In fact, the matter is not big, Zhengde eleventh year (1465 AD) lunar calendar on the nineteenth day of the tenth month, a few merchants dou Anping in a county in Chengdu Province, the Soviet Union (the name is very special) a few people will buy mules, horses, donkeys, cloth, etc. together to transport the countryside of Linxian for sale, because the distance is relatively close, no one cares much.
While the caravan was resting in a secluded place, they fed the cattle from time to time, and everyone ate some dry food themselves. At this moment, two big men on horseback came from not far away. Not far from the big man, a few people could be seen faintly. The two big men circled around this caravan, and then blocked these people one after the other, and just when Dou Anping and several Soviet people were still wondering, the person in front of them had already pulled out his waist knife, looked at these people contemptuously for a few times, and then drank: "Leave the cattle behind immediately, dare to scream, and immediately let you go to see Prince Yan." Dou Anping, several people in the Soviet Union could not have dreamed of it, the sky was clear and clear, just near the county seat, some people dared to openly rob, and now this year's car bandits and road bullies are so rampant, because of the suddenness of the incident, Dou An and several Soviet people are unarmed, it is inevitable to be afraid of these evildoers, and naturally they dare not call for help in the wilderness. Two robbers, one whistle, some men on horseback in the distance, naturally carried the cattle and the cloth they had carried to their wagons and carried them away.
After a long time, Dou Anping, a few Soviets only came back to God later, and after the initial determination of the horror, they looked at each other. Only to know that this is not a dream but a living fact that happened in front of their eyes, these businessmen pinched their fingers to calculate the losses suffered on this trip, it is simply heart-wrenching, if you can not recover the losses of these businessmen only hanged one way. Naturally, these merchants could not give up, and they followed the "footprints" of these car bandits all the way to a place called "Gao Laozhuang" (sic), and these people lost their tracks. Dou Anping, the Soviet Union had the courage to inquire from the people of Zhuangzi about the whereabouts of these car bandits. The people in Zhuangzi said to these merchants: "They have just seen two people on horseback with a group of people carrying goods through this place, but they are not car bandits, let alone thieves who are wandering around, but they are acquaintances of the local area, and the first two people, one named "Pan Fu" and the other named "Ge Yuanyi", are both stewards who guard and manage the farm for the commander of the Weishou King. According to this person, Pan Fu and Ge Yuanyi and their two men on horseback and carrying goods were likely to go to a place called "Majiaying".
After obtaining accurate information, Dou Anping and the Soviets deposited the remaining donkey mules and supplies (the robbers only looted some of the supplies due to insufficient manpower) in a home called Miao Heng in Gaolaozhuang. He also borrowed military horses and self-defense weapons (bows and arrows, waist knives) with this person, rode on his horse and went directly to Majiaying to visit it, Miao Heng this person and Dou Anping are more familiar, and have business contacts, which is considered to be the root of the knowledge. Dou Anping and the Soviets searched and inquired about pan fu and Ge Yuanyi along the way in the direction of Majiaying. Don't you say, on the way, the two people got a message that Pan Fu and Ge Yuanyi were eating in a restaurant in the Majia camp (not a small boldness), and after the two of them had finished eating, they would transport the supplies back to the private farm of The Wang Commander's family. After consulting with the Soviets, Dou Anping decided to seize his own property by force, and set up a plan of "guarding the plant and waiting for the rabbit", the two first bought a dress for camouflage, and then took a waist knife and a wooden stick to a river called "Yanjinkou" and quietly ambushed next to the stone bridge, because this was the only way to Majiaying, where the two of them opened their nets and prepared to capture the two thieves.
Pan Fu and Ge Yuanyi ate this meal for a long time, and after the two of them had drunk enough to eat, it was not until around 3:00 to 5:00 in the afternoon that Pan Fu and Ge Yuanyi arrived at the small river on horseback with some supplies. Dou Anping and the Soviets suddenly took advantage of the fact that the two thieves dismounted from their horses and crossed the bridge (bows and arrows were placed on horseback) and neglected to take precautions. Dou Anping intercepted Pan Fu with a wooden stick, and when the head was a stick, Pan Fu, who had no defense, was immediately knocked down. The Soviet Union was not weak, and a sweeping leg knocked Ge Yuanyi down. Then he raised his fist and beat Ge Yuanyi, this Ge Yuanyi's body was too poor, and Ge Yuanyi fainted after three punches. During the four men's struggle, the horses' carrying cloth was scattered in a field of crops next to the stone bridge. Dou Anping and the Soviets knocked them down and tied them up. Subsequently, the Soviet Union went to the local "chief A" Mizuki Yi and others to come and verify the body. Dou Anping and the Soviets told Dou Anping and the Soviets: "These two people are robbers. Forcibly plundered the supplies, livestock, of the two of us. Now the two of us have taken down the second thief.
General Jia Mizuki Yi immediately said, "No, I don't know about others, I know this Ge Yuanyi, he is from this village, the land under your feet is Ge Yuanyi's, and there is a way that "rabbits don't eat nest grass." Even if he robs, he can't be at the door of the house, "You are not making false accusations." Mizuki Yi couldn't help but look at the two of them when he said this, how to look at it, he felt that Dou Anping and the Soviet Union did not look like a rich lord, let alone a businessman. Hearing this, Pan Fu not only shouted: "Nonsense, nonsense, Dou Anping and the Soviet Union are false accusations, but also beat others for no reason, spewing blood, wronged, wronged." Ge Yuanyi also added: "Pan Fu and I gave the left guard command to lord Wang to take care of Zhuangzi, to have a field, to have a house, to have money and money, everyone is a villager in the township, and they don't look up and look down. Even if I rob, I can't rob my neighbors. Besides, I also know that if you commit the crime of robbery, you will die, we have a family and a mouth, and we are not short of money, not crazy or stupid. What are you going to rob for? We are blessed, sick, retreat ten thousand steps, even if we rob, we still can't see this thing from them. Will hit them with that little thing idea." As soon as these words were said, As soon as Dou Anping and the Soviet Union heard this, they were furious, and the four of them immediately scolded each other.
General Jia Mizuki was also very hesitant to hear it, and he was embarrassed left and right, after all, he was not a county official, and he could not judge which was right and wrong. In this case, Mizuki Yi immediately sent Dou Anping and the Soviets, Pan Fu and Ge Yuanyi to the county with stolen goods, and the authenticity was self-evident. After arriving at the county, after being personally interrogated by the county magistrate, Pan Fu and Ge Yuanyi admitted to Dou Anping and the Soviet Union's accusations against them. Zhixian immediately asked the four people to sign the pledge, and then according to the "Daming Law", "Pan Fu and Ge Yuanliang were sentenced to death." Subsequently, the case was transferred to the Chengdu Government Yamen for review and forwarded to dali Temple for signature. However, it reached the stage of review of the prefectural government. Pan Fu and Ge Yuanyi suddenly retracted their confessions with the support of the mastermind Wang behind the scenes. The two claimed in the complaint: "A few months ago, the county yamen cleared and measured the land. The two of them measured the land for the field estate commanded by the king, and some disputes arose between the land and the personal land property of Ma Yuan in Zhixian County, and they formed a vendetta against each other.
Pan Fu and Ge Yuanyi said about the robbery: "On that day, October 19, 19th of the eleventh year of Zhengde, the group rushed to the early gathering, returned to eat a good meal at a restaurant in the "Majiaying", and finally returned to the Zhuangzi of the Wang Commander's house to take care of the affairs, from beginning to end, they never met Dou Anping and the Soviet party in the middle of the road, and naturally there was no so-called robbery. On the way back, they dismounted and crossed the bridge, and happened to see Dou Anping and the Soviet Union resting at the head of the bridge, luggage and cloth casually thrown in the field of Ge Yuan's family, the donkeys and mules they brought overwhelmed the crop seedlings, the donkeys and mules trampled on the arch in the fields, Dou Anping and the Soviet Union did not pay any attention to this, regardless of it, only caring about their own rest, Ge Yuan saw that his family's field was ruined, naturally he was very unhappy, he quarreled with Dou Anping with his face black."
As soon as Dou Anping heard this, he immediately retorted, "You two follow the wang's command to eat and drink spicy, and the silver is even more abundant like cattle hair, so why bother with our donkeys and mules." In this way, the two sides did not agree in words, the quarrels continued, and the anger grew larger and larger, and then rose to the level of full martial arts. Pan Fu and Ge Yuanyi were knocked to the ground by Dou Anping and the Soviet Union and escorted to the county court, knowing that Ma Yuan knew this, but he took the opportunity to declare a personal vendetta, did not carry out any inquiries and investigations at all, indiscriminately, and severely tortured me, forcing the two of us to bow their heads and confess their guilt.
The Chengdu government immediately brought Ma Yuan of Zhixian county to investigate, and as soon as he investigated, he learned that Ma Yuan of Zhixian county did not have a piece of land under his rule, and that he was only here for three years (at most six years), and he was to be transferred, and that there was no practical significance at all in wanting real estate, and that embezzlement was not as practical as silver, and that even if he wanted to buy land, the best way to buy land in his hometown was to openly plunder the local area and harass local law and order. The second-instance trial still sentenced Pan Fu and Ge Yuanyi to a decisive decision, and demanded that the Chengdu Left Guard Department immediately return the supplies. And a line of Sichuan envoy Yamen and Sichuan Dusi Yamen. But the problem here is that the Chengdu Left Guardian Wang Commander belongs to the hereditary military household and has deep roots. The first generation was called Wang Jun, Hongwu was elected to fill the small banner in six years, the general banner for seven years, and the power of Yingyang Weizuo in the eleventh year. In the twelfth year, he was awarded the title of 100 households of the Wei Liuguan, and in the twenty-first year, he was promoted to the left guard of Chengdu. Became a hereditary deputy thousand households. In the fifth generation, that is, when Emperor Xiaozong of Ming, wang Jin, the hereditary deputy qianhu wang jin in the left guard of Chengdu, was promoted to the rank of commander of the first rank for killing thieves, and was promoted to qianhu. By the time of Emperor Mingwuzong, it was already the seventh generation, that is, the current Chengdu Left Guard Washizovarian, and was the King of the Thousand Households. It was not easy for the Sichuan envoy Yamen to bring him down.
Although this Qianhu Wang Fu openly plundered the place, he could also sit still and wait, and he also immediately sent a military department to accuse the Chengdu prefect Yamen of encroaching on military fields. Here we do not only have a question. Why did King Zheng Qianhu (at least a division commander) plunder the place? On this point, the military household is bankrupt. Because nominally, the grain in the fields of military households was owned by the state and used as food for the fighting flag army, but in essence it was dominated by hereditary senior officers. These warriors hereditary, recruited or enslaved military households to cultivate, and plundered these surplus products in a super-economically exploitative manner. After the middle of the Ming Dynasty, hereditary military generals seized a large number of Weishou Tuntian and enslaved military households to cultivate in order to maintain their own private troops, and this "collapse of the Weishou system" was precisely the development of the feudal system rather than destruction. In the early days of Zhengde, the emperor tried to impose restrictions on this feudal tendency of officers, but instead failed because of the Nine-Sided Mutiny.
In this case, it is natural for military families to be discriminated against and flee. Who, apart from hereditary officers, is willing to "dedicate one's life to their children and grandchildren" as slaves (military households) instead of relatively free people (civilian households)? As far as The King of Zhengqian Household was concerned, although he himself was not short of silver, he needed to raise private soldiers to fight for him. Moreover, the treatment must be higher than that of the soldiers provided by the state, and in this case the silver must not be enough, so this measure of plundering the land can only be taken. In this way, there is naturally a conflict with the government envoy Yamen.
In this way, two diametrically opposed reports were placed directly in front of the Zhengde Emperor Zhu Houzhao and the cabinet. In the face of conflicts between local civilian officials and the military, the cabinet was also very embarrassed, and it was reasonable to support the Sichuan envoy Yamen. But I remembered the military coup in the early years of Zhengde. After several discussions, the cabinet voted and was approved by the Zhengde Emperor Zhu Houzhao. In the end, the following judgment was made: "The envoy of Sichuan Province was transferred from another appointment, and Zhixian was transferred." And the hereditary in the left guard, zheng qianhu wang fu, demoted to deputy thousand households, the looted materials returned, Pan Fu and Ge Yuanyi decided." In fact, it is fifty big boards each, and it will not be solved. A year later, Wang Fu returned to his original post. His left guard was hereditary, and chongzhen had been continuing.
I am clear water, the watchman of history. Looking forward to your attention and comments.