In the primitive social period, tribes gathered together to form cities, such as the ruins of Liangzhu Ancient City in Zhejiang and the ruins of Tao Temple in Shanxi, but the area of these cities was not large, and compared with the ruins of Shiya in Shaanxi, it was simply a small witch. In the Shiya site, experts unearthed a jade human head, and also said that its prototype is a Ichimoku, but some experts do not agree... What kind of mysterious jade is it? The following Xiaobian will reveal the secret to you.
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In the 1970s, archaeologists visited Gaojiapu Town, Shenmu City, Shaanxi Province, and accidentally discovered an abandoned "stone city", and later after years of investigation and excavation research, it was determined to be a city site in the late Neolithic period, which dates back to about 4,000 years ago, and named it shijia site. Experts said that the Shi'an site is mainly composed of three parts: the outer city, the inner city and the imperial city, with a total area of more than 4 million square meters, of which the core area is about 700,000 square meters. As of 2012, archaeologists have been excavating and cleaning the Site for more than 40 years.
In the process of excavation, archaeologists also cleared out a large number of city wall ruins, palace ruins and house ruins, as well as some handicraft workshop sites and tomb groups, unearthed more than 2,000 pieces of stone tools, bone tools, pottery and jade and other cultural relics, the most exquisite of which is all kinds of jade, reflecting the superb jade-making technology of the Shi people. These jades include jade rings, jade bi and Xuan Jie, among which the most valuable is the jade head, which is also full of mysteries.
The jade head was excavated on the west side of the Imperial City Terrace at the Shi'an site, and it is about 45 centimeters high and 29 centimeters wide, which is very large compared to other jade objects. Experts say the jade object, which resembles a jade head, has not been unearthed before, and it looks like a person's side face on the front, and the hooked nose and slightly open mouth of the eagle are also clearly recognizable. Normally, the nose should be the eyes, but the eyes of the jade head are long and long, and it is still a large olive-shaped eye, which makes the experts feel very confused.
At the beginning, some experts said that the prototype of the jade head was a Ichimoku. In the Classic of Mountains and Seas and the Overseas North Classic, it is recorded that "the country of Yimu is in its east, and the country of Yimu lives in its face"; it is also recorded in the Huainanzi: "Its people know the people of Yimu". However, some experts believe that the actual Ichimoku does not exist, because there has never been a skull of a Ichimoku in archaeological discoveries, and from the perspective of biological genetics, there will be no Ichimoku, so the Ichimoku recorded in ancient books is actually a mask of a normal person with an eye, so experts believe that this is a manifestation of an ancient sacrifice and worship culture.
In addition, the unearthed jade head is not only one eye, because it is symmetrical on both sides, and there is also an identical eye on the back of the human head, so experts believe that the jade head has nothing to do with the one-eyed person or the one-eye mask in the ancient books. Archaeologists said that the reason why the Shiya people carved their eyes on the front of the jade, perhaps because they did not know how to carve the eyes on one side, or perhaps they thought that they could not clearly identify the appearance of the eyes after carving on one side, so they were carved on the front of the jade, which also shows that they attach great importance to the eyes and must be placed in the most eye-catching position. In addition, there is also a possibility that we now look at the head of the jade person with the front as the front, but the stone man is on the side, so that the two eyes are exactly on the sides of the nose and mouth, rather than directly above, so the eyes are carved on both sides.
After figuring out the eyes, the jade head has two more confusing places, namely the bulge on the top of the head and a curved bulge on the right side. Some experts believe that the bulge on the top of the head is undoubtedly a bun, such as the ancient Khitans, Jurchens and Mongols, etc., have retained a similar style of bun, that is, shave all the hair, leaving only a small amount of hair on the top of the head.
There are also curved bulges that make the experts embarrassed, at first they all thought that it was the ear, but no matter how the experts explained, the ear could not grow behind the head, so there was only one possibility, that is, the bun. Experts consulted a large number of ethnic minority hair bun history and found that similar hair ornaments had appeared in the grassland area, that is, hair was only left on the top of the head and the back of the head. In addition, in the Yingguo tomb in Henan, experts have unearthed a bronze human head, which is the same shape as the jade head unearthed from Shi'an, with the same eye on the front, and thick hair on the top of the head that has been combed to the back of the head. Therefore, this bronze human head proves the structure of the jade human head, and can be regarded as solving the unsolved mystery that has plagued experts for many years.
The Site of Shi'an is a treasure trove that has not yet been opened, and archaeologists have only just opened a door crack, but it is this point that the world is amazed, just imagine that there must be more discoveries in the near future, so that we have a new understanding of this "first city in China".
Resources:
"Shi'an Kingdom" by Yang Rui, Publisher: Shaanxi People's Publishing House Co., Ltd
Wenlan Hairun Studio Editor-in-Chief Wen Xiucai, this article is written by: Special History Writer: Liu Lijiang's