<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > textbook interpretation</h1>
Robinson Crusoe was written by the English writer Defoe. Based on his own experience and imagination, the author uses a self-narrated way to tell a tortuous and vivid legend: the protagonist Robinson encountered a storm on the way to Africa, drifted alone to a desert island, and began a life of isolation. Faced with the harsh environment, he quickly overcame pessimism, relied on his tenacious will and scientific knowledge, overcame various unexpected difficulties, lived on the island for twenty-eight years, and finally returned to his hometown.
This lesson consists of a synopsis and excerpts.
The first part is a synopsis, which provides a general introduction to the novel Robinson Crusoe. According to the chronological order of Robinson's adventures, through representative events, it recounts the story of Robinson's "wandering on a desert island", "building a house and settling", "domesticating and breeding", "saving' Friday", and finally "returning to Britain".
The second part is excerpts. The textbook selects the part of the novel that tells about Robinson's first arrival on the desert island, and describes Robinson's life when he first wandered to the island and his thinking in the face of reality. It can be divided into two parts, the first half of which describes Robinson's sad and lonely life on the island: Faced with the plight of a deserted island and a lack of supplies and tools, Robinson carved a pillar with a knife to leave marks, recorded the date, carried things from the ship, and began to build a residence. The second half depicts Robinson's rational reflections on his current situation and circumstances: he compares his good and bad, the good and the bad, and finds a hint of relief in it, so he resolves to stop being pessimistic and depressed, and begins to adjust his lifestyle.
The text lists the advantages and disadvantages of Robinson's wandering on a desert island in the form of a table, which is also the process of Robinson's inner ideological struggle and rational thinking. Among them, the disadvantages are written more briefly, the benefits are written for sufficient reasons, and the advantages and disadvantages form a sharp contrast, and the protagonist's heart is written in the first person, narrowing the distance with the reader and making the reader feel Robinson's complex emotions.
The text is accompanied by two illustrations, the first depicting Robinson taking his dog to the forest to hunt, and the second depicting Robinson taking something out of a boat. Two illustrations help us understand the masterpiece and understand the excerpts.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > guidance on the study of the Fa</h1>
First, clarify the learning objectives
1. Can write 15 words such as "fear and misery", and can write 20 words such as "wandering and desolation".
2. Be able to understand the main content of famous works with the help of the outline of the work.
3. Be able to communicate feelings about the impressive plot, make a simple evaluation of Robinson, and generate interest in reading the original work.
2. Writing guidance
The words to be written in this lesson, the words with the upper and lower structure should pay attention to following the law of narrowness and narrowness or upper and lower widths, and the words of the treasure cover head and all the strokes under the treasure cover should not exceed the treasure cover, such as "lonely" and "feast". Writing left and right structure of the word should follow the writing rules of letting the left person rise and fall low on the right, and letting the right person extend and shrink left.
In this lesson, "loan" is easy to be confused with "goods", students should be guided to pay attention to the distinction, these two words are related to "shell", that is, related to money, can be determined according to the pronunciation next to the sound; the word "book" is an upper and lower structure, the lower half is composed of "耒" and "former", we must pay attention to avoidance, the last stroke of "耒" is a point, pay attention to "耒" not to write "not"; It is also necessary to pay attention to the distinction between "book" and "by", one is a bamboo character head, the other is a cursive character head; "cover" strokes are more, the glyphs are more complex, note that "West" should be written flat, the fifth stroke of "West" is vertical, not written as "West", the "Complex" below is written compactly, and the eighth stroke of "Complex" in the lower right is horizontal.
3. Reading guidance
You can first read the synopsis of the text, grasp the main content of the masterpiece by summarizing the subtitles, etc.; then read the excerpts, grasp the excerpts as a whole, grasp the changes in Robinson's mentality when overcoming difficulties, and evaluate the characters; and finally carry out extended reading according to the content of the synopsis to stimulate the interest in reading the masterpieces.
1. Read the synopsis of the works and grasp the main content of the masterpieces
When you first read the text, you can think, "How is the content of this text different from the text you usually see?" Understand the special structure of this text, which is composed of two parts, the synopsis and excerpts, the synopsis is the rough content of the original work, and the excerpts are the wonderful fragments selected from the original work.
Then read the synopsis silently, thinking about "What is Robinson's thing this synopsis written about?", and listed it in the form of subtitles. You can use the method of first support and then release, first silently read the 1st and 2nd natural paragraphs of the synopsis, talk about what happened to Robinson, summarize the subtitle "Wandering on the Desert Island", and annotate the blank space in the 1st and 2nd natural paragraphs of the book; then silently read the other paragraphs of the synopsis, try to list the subheadings, and annotate next to the corresponding natural paragraphs. The subtitles can be summarized as "Living on a Desert Island", "Building a House to Settle", "Domestication and Breeding", "Saving' Friday", "Back to England".
Finally, according to the subheadings listed, I will briefly talk about the main content of the synopsis in my own words, talk about the impression that Robinson has left on himself, and initially feel The spirit of Robinson's courage to take risks and not be afraid of difficulties, so as to be fully prepared for in-depth reading of famous works.
2. Summarize the main content of the excerpt and clarify the position of the excerpt in the novel
Once you've grasped the basics of the synopsis, you can read the excerpts and think about what the main part is about. You can combine the second question with the after-class exercise to summarize the main content of the excerpt. According to the main content of the summary, find the part corresponding to the excerpt and the synopsis, and the preliminary judgment is that the excerpt is at the beginning of the novel.
3. Grasp the changes in the mentality of the characters and analyze the personality characteristics of the characters
After combing through the main content, you can continue to read the excerpt and think: Robinson overcame many difficulties on the desert island, how did his mentality change? What kind of person do you think Robinson is? You can first circle the relevant sentences in the text and write your own comments with keywords. Then draw a picture of Lu Xun's change of mind. Finally, grasp the changes in Robinson's mentality, analyze the reasons for the changes in mentality, and evaluate the characters from multiple angles. For example, from sentences such as "I am now in a sad scene of life without verbal communication" and "I have been abandoned on a terrible desert island, there is no hope of seeing the light of day", and you can feel robinson's depressed and disappointed mentality when he first arrived on the desert island. From the sentences such as "we must accept this kind of life", "soon get used to it", "what is the need to mind", we can feel Robinson's mentality of being able to face reality and deal with various problems rationally, from his insistence on recording time in a calendar, to collecting various things on the ship, overcoming difficulties to build a station, you can appreciate Robinson's smart and capable, fearless of difficulties, tenacious survival and other characteristics. From sentences such as "I began to comfort myself as much as possible", "I found something to comfort myself", "I had a little idea of knowing what was not blessed", and he recorded the misfortunes encountered and misfortunes in the format of the business book, you can feel robinson's positive and optimistic personality.
4. Connect with life and try to use expression
Robinson's method of comparing the list of advantages and disadvantages in the excerpt fragment is a very typical way of expression, and it is also a way of thinking that we are worth learning from in real life, which can help us analyze the situation objectively, understand the characteristics of things with two sides, and learn to look at the problem comprehensively and solve the problem. After the class, "choose to do", you can say what difficulties and troubles you have encountered, and write out the advantages and disadvantages in the way of the list in the text. Finally, through this way, analyze the difficulties and troubles you encounter, what help you have, so that you can realize that when facing problems, you must learn to think dialectically like Robinson and be positive and optimistic.
5. Relate the content of the whole book to stimulate the interest of reading famous works
If you are interested, you can read the synopsis on the basis of enjoying the excerpts, think about "what else is in the synopsis that interests you", or ask your own questions based on the synopsis, such as, Robinson grew food, how did he make it? What does a savage feast of the wildlings look like? Imagine if you were the protagonist of the text, how would you make food? How do I attend a banquet? You can also watch the film clips of "Robinson Crusoe" to fully stimulate the interest of reading famous works.
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