In the third grade of primary school, I took 8 Chinese lessons "The Little Girl Who Sold Matches" class notes, lesson plans and practice questions
[1] Class notes
【2】 Lesson Plan
I. Teaching Objectives
1.Through the study of the content of this lesson, understand the profound ideological connotation of the story, feel the tragic fate of the little girl who sells matches and the deep sympathy of the author. Cultivate students' love and inspire students to cherish the happy life they have now.
2.Understand the content of the text, feel the illusion of the little girl rubbing the match several times, and pay attention to the tragic fate of the characters.
3.Read the text aloud with emotion, allowing students to go deep into the words to get an emotional experience. In the process of reading, it is necessary to have some understanding and form insights, improve students' oral expression ability, and enable students' potential to develop in an all-round way.
[II] Teaching focus: 1. Understand the author of this article and the writing background at that time, understand the content of the text, understand the profound ideological connotation of the text, and feel the thoughts and feelings expressed by the author. This is the difficulty of this lesson.
2. Read the text aloud with emotion, arouse students' sympathy for the little girl, cultivate students' love, and inspire students to cherish the happy life now.
Teaching difficulty: Feel the illusion of the little girl rubbing the match several times, so as to feel the tragic fate of the little girl who sells matches and the author's deep sympathy.
〖3) Instructional design
A Introduction to the author, import new lessons
1. Board Book: The Little Girl Who Sold Matches Andersen
Students, do you like the fairy tales of the world-famous writer Hans Christian Andersen? Do you know which country Hans Christian Andersen was from? What works did he write? What stories have you heard of him? Who's going to say that? Today, we will study Andersen's famous work "The Little Girl Who Sold Matches.")
2. Play Hans Christian Andersen's introduction and writing background profile.
Hans Christian Andersen (1805-1875), a famous Danish fairy tale writer of the 19th century. Hans Christian Andersen's childhood was impoverished and he suffered from a lot of upheavals and displacement, so the main characters in his fairy tales were some unfortunate and bullied poor people. In his creative career, every Christmas, he always published a new collection of fairy tales as a gift for children. His works are imaginative, the plot is vivid, and the language is simple. His fairy tales have been translated into many languages and are loved by children and adults around the world. Famous works include "The Daughter of the Sea", "The Emperor's New Clothes", "The Little Girl Who Sold Matches", "The Ugly Duckling" and so on. In these fairy tales, he expressed deep sympathy for the suffering and misfortune of the working people, ruthlessly exposed the vanity, cruelty and corruption of the dignitaries and nobles, and was full of yearning and love for a happy life.
Background: The Little Girl Who Sold Matches is one of Hans Christian Andersen's masterpieces, published in 1846. A friend asked him to write a fairy tale for a painting of a poor little girl with a bunch of matches, which reminded Hans Christian Andersen of his mother's suffering
childhood. When Andersen's mother was a little girl, she was thrown out of the house and begged in the street, but she did not want to beg and did not dare to go home, so she hid under a bridge in the city and sat down. Without shoes to wear, she had to hold her feet with both hands for warmth, and Andersen created this fairy tale with deep sympathy for her mother and unfairness to the world.
1. Play the reading recording of this article. (Let students listen emotionally, really walk into the story, and understand the synopsis of the story.) )
2.Speed reading texts, overall perception. (Let students quickly browse the text, under the guidance of the teacher, mark out relevant words and sentences, answer relevant questions, perceive the content of the whole text as a whole, and initially feel the thoughts and feelings expressed by the author.) )
(1) How does the author describe the scene of the little girl selling matches? What does this say? (Mark out the relevant words: "very cold", "snowy", "almost dark", "big Chinese New Year's Eve", "barefoot", "cold and hungry", "shivering", "curled up", "shrinking into a ball")
Student A: The little girl sells matches barefoot in such a cold Chinese New Year's Eve, indicating that the little girl's life is very painful and miserable.
Teacher's summary: The eldest Chinese New Year's Eve should be the happiest time for children to reunite with their parents, but the little girl who sells matches is wandering the streets at this time, selling matches. It shows that the little girl's life situation is very sad.
(2) What did the little girl "not pay attention to"? What can she "forget"? Why?
Student B: What the little girl "didn't pay attention to" was her beautiful blonde hair, and what she "couldn't forget" was the big Chinese New Year's Eve. Because hunger and cold make the little girl unable to care about her own beauty, what she needs more is warmth and food, highlighting the sadness of the little girl's life.
Teacher's Summary: On such a happy and warm night, the little girl walked on the cold and dark street to sell matches, to earn a little money for the family to maintain her life. What a "poor little girl" this is! She looked at the light coming out of the window of the rich man's house and smelled helplessly the smell of roast goose floating on the street. This description reveals the author's deep sympathy for the little girl.
(3) Why did the little girl burn the match again and again? How many times have you wiped it?
Student C: The little girl burned matches five times in order to see the beautiful illusions again and again.
(4) What is the reason why the little girl first polished the match? What did she see? What was the result after that? What did you learn from it?
Student Ding: Because "one of her little hands was almost frozen." She lit the match and felt "as if she were sitting in front of a big stove..." But the wonderful illusion soon disappeared because the match went out. In connection with the above, imagine that a barefoot little girl, on the snowy street, has been walking for a day. At this time, she was so eager to get warmth, so the little girl saw the big stove in the illusion. From the author's description, I can feel the satisfaction and joy of the little girl in the illusion, and at the same time make a sharp contrast with the harsh reality.
(5) What is the reason why the little girl rubbed the match several times after that? What did she see?
Hunger Food... Roast goose Lonely Joy... Christmas tree
Loneliness Loving-kindness... Grandma Pain Get rid of... Flew......
(6) In the society at that time, could a little girl really go to a place where there was no cold, no hunger, and no pain?
Student E: Of course not, this is just a beautiful illusion before the little girl died. In that dark society, the little girl had only hunger and cold, no joy and warmth, and finally froze and starved to death. This fully demonstrates the unfairness of society.
Teacher's Summary: Although the little girl burned the match again and again, the match was extinguished again and again. There was no stove in front of her eyes, only cold; No roast goose, only hunger; There is no Christmas tree, only loneliness; No grandma, only loneliness; There is no way to get rid of it, only to face death. The little girl used death to get rid of the cold, get rid of hunger, get rid of pain! This highlights the misery of the little girl's fate even more.
(7) What kind of story is this article about? What kind of thoughts and feelings are expressed by the author?
Student A: This text tells such a story: in the cold Chinese New Year's Eve, a barefoot little girl was selling matches on the street, she was cold and hungry, she burned a match for warmth, in the light of the fire, she saw all kinds of wonderful illusions, and finally froze to death on the street, expressing the author's deep sympathy for the tragic fate of the little girl.
Teacher's Summary: This fairy tale tells the tragic story of a little girl who sells matches and freezes to death in the street due to hunger and cold in the Chinese New Year's Eve. By contrasting the wonderful illusion with the cruel real life, the author profoundly indicts the irrationality of the disparity between rich and poor in Danish society at that time, exposes the evils of authoritarian society, and expresses the author's deep sympathy for the suffering and misfortune of the working people.
3. Read the text again and sort out the context. (Have students discuss in groups to sort out the structure of the article according to the plot content of the story.) )
(1) In what order are the texts narrated? Student A: The whole text takes matches as a clue, first narrating the Chinese New Year's Eve, the sky is snowing, it is dark and cold, and the little girl sells matches on the street; After that, it is written that the little girl curled up in the corner of the wall to polish the match to keep warm, and saw all kinds of illusions from the bright light of the match; Finally writes that the little girl froze to death in the street with a burned matchstick.
(2) According to the order of development of the storyline, how many paragraphs can the whole text be divided into?
Student B: The full text can be divided into three paragraphs according to the order of development of the storyline.
The first paragraph (natural paragraphs 1 to 4): the time and place where the story takes place and the painful and tragic life situation of the little girl.
The second paragraph (natural paragraphs 5 to 9): It is said that the little girl burns matches again and again, and all kinds of illusions arise in front of her eyes. The contrast between the beautiful illusion and the cold reality reflects the little girl's yearning for a better life.
The third paragraph (natural paragraphs 10 and 11): It tells that the little girl froze to death on the street Chinese New Year's Eve.
4. Experience the rationality of the author's imagination. (Ask students to relate to the little girl's life background, around "The little girl rubbed the match five times, and saw the stove, the roast goose, the Christmas tree, the grandmother, are all real things?") Why?" This question is analyzed and discussed, and the rationality of the author's imagination from real life is realized. )
Teacher's Summary: These are the wonderful illusions that the little girl sees when she burns matches, not real things, but the author's imagination. Because in real life, this little girl is cold and hungry, no joy, no love, how much she longs to get warmth, to get food; Eager to be happy like other children, to get Christmas gifts, how much she misses her grandmother who loves her! But none of this was available at all, and could only appear in the hallucinations she had before she died. In this strong contrast, the pity and misery of the little girl are highlighted even more.
2. Introduce new lessons
On a cold and dark night, the last night of the year, the little girl selling matches was lonely, hungry and cold, and finally froze and starved to death. What a poor little girl! Let's study the text more deeply, go into the inner world of the little girl, and further feel the tragic fate of the little girl who sells matches and the author's deep sympathy.
1. Label words and phrases. (Guide students to read the text carefully and mark words with profound meaning.) )
2. Analyze words and phrases. (Have students grasp the key words and phrases, discuss in groups in context, and exchange feelings.) Understand the purpose of the author's writing, and exercise students' logical thinking and language expression skills. )
(1) How many times does the text mention the "big Chinese New Year's Eve"? What does it do?
Student A: The text mentions the "great Chinese New Year's Eve" three times. The first time is at the beginning of the text, writing that the little girl went out to sell matches in the "big Chinese New Year's Eve"; The second time is to write that the little girl is cold and hungry, walking on the street in a hurry, looking at the lights from the windows of other people's homes, smelling the smell of roast geese, and can't forget that this is the "big Chinese New Year's Eve"; The third time was to write that the little girl froze to death in the street in the "big Chinese New Year's Eve".
Teacher's Summary: The text mentions the "big Chinese New Year's Eve" three times, which is a specific time and circumstance for the story. The "big Chinese New Year's Eve" should be happy and happy, and the little girl walked the streets in the big Chinese New Year's Eve, looked at the lights in the windows of other people's homes in the big Chinese New Year's Eve, smelled the smell of roast geese, and froze and starved to death Chinese New Year's Eve. The festive atmosphere of the big Chinese New Year's Eve highlights the tragic fate of the little girl and arouses people's sympathy for her.
(2) "Does she dare to draw a match from a handful and burn it on the wall to warm her little hand?" She finally pulled out one. What do these two sentences say?
Student B: It shows that matches are the source of the little girl's family life, and for the little girl, every match is precious. In connection with the above, she did not sell a single match, and the guilt and fear of being beaten by her father made her even more afraid to waste a match, but the unbearable cold forced her to be beaten and finally pulled out one.
(3) Why do you say, "This is a strange fire"?
Student C: This "strange" fire made the little girl see the warm and drying stove and get a brief warmth and satisfaction. In this "cold and dark night" when snowflakes are flying in the sky, this is really very valuable for a little girl who is "barefoot", "a pair of small feet are frozen red and blue", "curled legs into a ball", and "a pair of small hands are almost frozen".
(4) What did you learn from the roast goose that the little girl saw?
Student Ding: The little girl was cold and hungry, hungry and cold, "All day, no one bought her a match, no one gave her a coin." She hadn't eaten all day, and the smell of roasted geese wafted down the street, and how hungry little girl was desperate to get food Wow!
(5) Why did the little girl see the beautiful Christmas tree?
Student E: The Chinese New Year's Eve is the most exciting time of the year for children to have fun around the beautiful Christmas tree. The cold and hungry little girl who sells matches is no exception, she also needs joy, she craves joy. This reflects the little girl's desire and yearning for a better life.
(6) Why did the little girl see her loving grandmother when she lit the match for the fourth time?
Student: From the analysis of "she didn't sell a match, didn't earn a penny, her father will definitely beat her", the little girl was lonely and pitiful, and only her grandmother loved her the most. In the case of the little girl facing a desperate situation, she misses her grandmother the most, and naturally sees her grandmother in her hallucinations.
(7) The little girl burned a large number of matches for the fifth time, why?
Student Geng: The little girl's purpose is to keep her grandmother. For the little girl, there is no light in this world, there is no warmth, and the appearance of grandma makes her incomparably nostalgic. She knew very well that as soon as the match was extinguished, the loving grandmother would be gone. So, desperately, she "hurriedly" rubbed "a large" handful of matches.
Teacher's summary: This reflects the little girl's strong yearning for a better life, and also reflects the ruthlessness of the society at that time. In connection with the above, the little girl remembered her dead grandmother after many disillusionments, and was eager to use a large number of matches to keep the only grandmother in the world who loved her, so she desperately burned a whole match. Let us deeply feel the pain and despair in the heart of the little girl.
3. Grasp the emotional melody of the story as a whole, focus on the profound sentences in the last two natural paragraphs of the article, and deeply understand the thoughts and feelings expressed by the author. (Present statements and questions)
(1) "The next morning, the little girl sat in the corner, her cheeks flushed and her mouth smiling. She died, frozen to death in the old Chinese New Year's Eve. ”
Question: Since the little girl was frozen to death, why did she still have a smile on her face?
Student A: This is because the little girl once felt in her fantasy that her soul had flown to the kingdom of heaven where there was "no cold, no hunger, and no pain." It was in such a beautiful fantasy that she died, so she "had a smile on her lips."
Teacher's Summary: Fantasy and reality, death and smile form a sharp and strong contrast, highlighting the tragedy of the little girl's fate and triggering people's infinite sympathy for her.
(2) "No one knows how beautiful things she has seen, how happy she has been, and who has followed her grandmother towards the happiness of the New Year."
Present question: What does this sentence mean? How does it feel to put it at the end of the whole text?
Student B: This sentence means that the little girl froze to death, but no one knows that she once saw a warm stove, a fragrant roast goose, a beautiful Christmas tree and a loving grandmother in the illusion; In the illusion, she and her grandmother flew together to heaven in search of a life where there was no longer "no cold, no hunger, no pain." Putting it at the end of the whole text makes us feel that the little girl longed for a good life before she died, but she could only see what she wanted in the illusion, and the ending was frozen in the street. Such a sharp contrast makes us sympathize with the unfortunate experience of the little girl.
Student C: "How happy she was" refers to the happiness she once had, to the beautiful fantasies that appear when she wipes her matches. Because in real life, she has no happiness to speak of. "Walking toward the happiness of the new year" means that she is happy in the new year, and the "happiness" here is actually an opposite, which really means death. Because she used death to get rid of the cold, hunger and pain of life. Through the two "happiness", we can feel the author's suppressed grief and indignation, and feel the author's strong dissatisfaction with the social reality of the disparity between the rich and the poor.
Teacher's Summary: The text does not write about the disillusionment of the little girl's final fantasy, but lets the little girl fly away in the beautiful fantasy, because the author really can't bear to let this little girl with a tragic experience disappointed again. The little girl uses wonderful fantasies to satisfy her desire for happiness, but she is pulled back to the painful real life again and again, and the more beautiful the illusion, the more it reflects the sadness of reality, and the more it reflects the indifference of this dark society. Finally, the author asks the little girl to use death to get rid of cold, hunger, pain, and death to get rid of this tragic world. Is there anything more tragic than death? This shows the author's deep sympathy for the little girl, as well as the ruthless exposure and indictment of the darkness of the society at that time.
4. Appreciate the full text.
At the beginning of the article, the author places a barefoot little girl in a typical environment of cold, dark, snowy Chinese New Year's Eve, which tightly grips the reader's heartstrings; After that, the author uses the contrast between reality and fiction to alternately describe the wonderful illusion and the cruel reality, revealing the little girl's desire for a better life, tightly touching the reader's heart, and continuing to pay attention to the fate of the little girl; Until the end, it is written that the little girl flew away with her grandmother, and explained that the little girl died "happily" in a wonderful hallucination. The little girl's life is so painful, the little girl's fantasy is so beautiful, and the little girl's ending is so tragic! Between the lines, we can deeply appreciate the bitterness and grief that the author suppressed in his heart, and the author's deep sympathy for the tragic fate of the little girl.
5. Sublimate emotions.
Classmates, a little girl with beautiful fantasies, a little girl who wants to live a happy life, died tragically! When the New Year's sun rises high, the little girl can no longer see... I think the students' hearts are very heavy, and I also saw some of the students with tears flashing in their eyes! Today, as we sit in a bright classroom, do you have anything to say to this little girl?
Tragic fate
Strong contrast
Teaching reflections
1. Through the exchange of information collected, students can let them understand the relevant background knowledge of the author's writing of this article, so that they can more deeply appreciate the tragic fate of the little girl.
2. Teachers can design such a link - textbook drama to reproduce the storyline. In this lesson, students do not have any difficulties in learning, and the expansion and extension after class can not only allow students to expand their rich imagination, but also exercise their speaking ability, killing two birds with one stone.
[3] Practice questions
First, have fun reading. (16 minutes)
_____________________
Autumn is coming, and people are busy with the autumn harvest. A group of small ants are also busy carrying food into the hole to prepare for the winter. Some of them roll round beans, some carry large bugs, and some carry leaves... Everybody's doing a great job!
There was a grasshopper, which neither carried food nor picked leaves, but just lazily played the harmonica, and said to himself: "Take advantage of this great time, and do not play happily, what are these fools doing?"
Winter is coming, and there is heavy snow. The little ants are in the warm cave, holding a party while enjoying the food prepared in autumn, very happy!
In the snow, the harmonica-playing grasshopper covered its empty stomach and walked dejectedly. How eager it is for a leaf to fall, even a small bean! However, it did not wait for anything, and finally fell...
1. Add a title to the essay and write it on the horizontal line at the beginning. (3 minutes)
2. Write the words as they are. (6 minutes)
Lazy (ABB-style) ( ) ( )
Abac (ABAC) ( ) ( )
Pain and Pleasure (AABB)( ) ( )
3. Please use "~~" to draw a sentence about the labor of small ants. (3 minutes)
4. Do you think little ants are fools? What do you want to say to grasshoppers? (4 minutes)
_______________________________________________________________
Second, read the essay and answer the questions. (13 minutes)
An (enhī zhǐ) ant stumbled upon a map. A boy saw it and cheered in surprise: "Ha! Little ants have ascended Mount Everest! "Yo! Little ants have crossed the Pacific Ocean! ”
The little ant listened very much (satisfied) and thought, "Ah! The highest mountain and the largest ocean on earth have been defeated by me (conquest), how great I am! (dé děi) hurry back and show off to your friends (glory)! So he tiáo diào headed for the nest under the big tree.
No, on the way back, he was blocked by something, and he had to climb to the halfway point, and a gust of wind blew him up in the air, floating in the middle of a vast ocean. Fortunately, he was seen by the boy again, and the child stretched out a dead branch to take him out of danger, while sighing: "Alas, it is pitiful, even such a small mound and a small puddle can not pass!" The little ant gasped and wondered, "What? Can't even get over small mounds and puddles? Haven't I ever triumphed over the highest mountain and the greatest ocean? ”
In the face of praise, what is needed is not intoxication, but deep thinking: Is it true that you are worthy of the name?
1. Choose the correct pronunciation for polysyllabic words with dots and type "√". (3 minutes)
Read the 2nd natural paragraph, select the appropriate word in parentheses and type "√". (3 minutes)
3. Fill in the blanks according to the content of the short text. (5 minutes)
The little ant thought he had climbed and crossed, and as a result he could not even get over, this story tells us
。
4. Add a title to the article and write it on the horizontal line in front of the text. (2 minutes)
1. Example: ants and grasshoppers
2. Example: Green and lush, golden, versatile, solitary, beautiful and bright, clean
3.
4. No. If you don't work, you just wait for the pie to fall from the sky, and in the end it is yourself who suffers losses.
Two
1. zhī děi diào 2
3. Mount Everest Pacific Small Mound Small Puddles Facing praise, what is needed is not intoxication, but deep thinking: whether you are worthy of the name
4. Example: An ant