Chief Liu Deng and the first railway in New China ‖ hu plain

Chief Liu Deng and the first railway in New China

Hu Plain

Liu Bocheng (1892-1986), whose original name was Liu Mingzhao, was a native of Kaixian County, Sichuan Province (present-day Kaizhou District, Chongqing), and joined the Communist Party of China in 1926. Marshal of the People's Republic of China, one of the founders of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, a great proletarian revolutionary, a military scientist, a Marxist military theorist, and a military educator.

Deng Xiaoping (1904-1997), formerly known as Deng Xiansheng, scientific name Deng Xixian, a native of Guang'an, Sichuan, was an early member of the Communist Party of China. Great Marxists, great proletarian revolutionaries, politicians, military experts, diplomats, tried and tested communist fighters, chief architects of China's socialist reform, opening up, and modernization, founders of the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and principal founders of Deng Xiaoping Theory.

Chief Liu Deng not only made great achievements in the history of China's revolutionary war, but also devoted himself to the construction of the first railway in New China, the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway.

Liu Bocheng and Deng Xiaoping were together

Old China is difficult to realize the dream of the Sichuan-Chongqing Railway

How easy is it to build the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway? Sichuan has been known as the "country of heaven" since ancient times, but Sichuan is surrounded by dangerous mountains and rapids, and the roads are rugged, and the ancients have long described "the difficulty of the Shu Road, it is difficult to go to the qingtian".

In 1904, the Qing government set up the official Sichuan-Han Railway Corporation in Yuefu Street, Chengdu. The planned railway line will reach Chengdu from Hankou in Hubei Province via Yichang, Lingzhou, Chongqing and Neijiang, with a total length of 1980 kilometers. At that time, the construction cost of the Sichuan-Hankou Railway adopted the method of raising funds and holding shares.

In January 1905, Xi Liang, the governor of Sichuan, stipulated four sources of share capital in the articles of association for raising shares: First, the shares subscribed, that is, the officials and merchants invested in shares with their own money; The second is the share of rent, that is, according to the amount of land endowment, the grain is hard to draw into the shares; The third is the official capital of the shares, that is, the official funds are allocated to the company as the share capital; The fourth is the stock of public interest, that is, the company starts a variety of operations and invests in the shares with profits. Stock capital, nominally four sources, is actually a compulsory method, and "railway donations" are widely levied in Sichuan Province. The original stipulation that the "leased shares" should not exceed two-fifths of the total share capital, but from the date of the company's establishment to 1910, the actual "leased shares" of silver were 9.29 million taels, accounting for more than 77% of the total income of 11.98 million taels, which brought a heavy burden to the people of Sichuan and Chongqing.

In order to alleviate the people's anger, in 1907, the Qing government changed the "official office" to "commercial office", successively hired Zhan Tianyou and Yan Deqing as the chief and deputy chief engineers, and held the opening ceremony of the Sichuan-Han Railway in Yichang, Hubei Province on December 10, 1909. However, due to the lack of consensus on the issue of the first construction of the eastern or western section or the simultaneous construction of the two sections, the progress of the project was very slow, until the Xinhai Revolution, Hubei Yichang to Chongqing Wanxian section, only more than 30 kilometers of roadbed.

On May 9, 1911, on the one hand, the Qing government wanted to swallow up the shares raised by the people of Sichuan and Chongqing for the Sichuan-Han Railway; on the other hand, under the pretext of "using foreign capital and developing industry," under the banner of building the Sichuan-Han Railway, it borrowed foreign debt from imperialism on a large scale, betrayed China's sovereignty, brazenly declared that "the railway trunk line was state-owned, and "confiscated" the "commercially run" Sichuan-Han Railway, thus setting off a road protection movement in Sichuan that shocked the whole country. At that time, all 142 prefectures and counties in Sichuan set up the Baolu Comrades Association. The people of Sichuan and Chongqing went on strike, strike against the market, resisted donations, and resisted taxes, and waged a vigorous struggle against the Qing government.

Zhao Erfeng, the governor of Sichuan, carried out a bloody suppression of the Baolu Comrades' Association in accordance with the Qing government's telegram order to "tighten bullet pressure", resulting in hundreds of thousands of people quickly gathering in various parts of Sichuan and Chongqing to form the Baolu Comrade Army and hold an armed uprising. Under this urgent situation, the Qing Dynasty urgently ordered the governor of Huguang, Duan Fang, to send two brigades of E troops into Sichuan to suppress it. Because the Hubei army was transferred and weakened the armed forces in Hubei, this created favorable conditions for the revolutionaries to launch the Wuchang Uprising, making the Sichuan Baolu Movement an integral part of the Xinhai Revolution that overthrew the Qing Dynasty, and leaving a glorious chapter in the history of the Chinese revolution.

In 1932, the Kuomintang 24th Army in Chengdu and the 21st Army in Chongqing established the Preparatory Office for the Construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway. Zhou Daogang, the governor of Sichuan, was in charge and hired Lantian as the chief engineer to initially test the survey of the route from Chongqing to Neijiang. Later, due to the warlord melee, the construction of the railway was in vain.

In June 1936, the Kuomintang government decided to establish the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway Engineering Bureau. Deng Yiguang and Chen Zuyi were appointed as the chief and deputy directors, and 8 survey teams were formed to conduct line surveys. The northern line, from Chongqing to Chengdu via Hechuan and Suining; The southern route runs from Chongqing to Chengdu via Bishan, Yongchuan, Neijiang and Jianyang. The other southern line runs from Chongqing to Chengdu via Jiangjin, Yongchuan and Neijiang.

On December 16, 1936, the council of sichuan and Qian railway concession co., LTD., which was responsible for the task of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway Project, was held in Shanghai, and decided that Zeng Yangfu, Li Shizeng, Song Zi'an, Lu Zuofu and Liu Jingshan would be the executive directors, and Zeng Yangfu would be the chairman and general manager, and the general manager would be authorized to sign a contract on behalf of the company with the Ministry of Railways and the French Bank consortium, formulate the date for the start of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway, and posthumously recognize Deng Yiguang as the director of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway Engineering Bureau.

In March 1937, construction of Chongqing Railway Station and Jiulongpo Wharf was started. In April, the construction of a total section of earth and stone square and Tuojiang Bridge began. On July 7 of the same year, the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression broke out in full swing, and all sections of the project were stopped. After the outbreak of the Pacific War in 1941, the entire railway construction was completely stopped.

After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan, Chiang Kai-shek threatened to express his gratitude to the people of Sichuan and Chongqing for their support of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression by repairing the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway. However, except for the deep rock depth of Guaziyan in Longchang and the construction of the Zizhong Liangfengya Tunnel, which is considered to be the most arduous key project, the rest of the sections of the line have not been started at all. Subsequently, due to the depreciation of the currency and the sharp rise in prices, the wages of the staff and workers of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway Engineering Bureau were not paid. In old China, the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway has been tossing and turning for more than 40 years, and the so-called railway line has not been paved with a steel rail or a sleeper, but has brought road donations and bloody rain to the people of Sichuan and Chongqing.

Chief Liu Deng made preliminary preparations for the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway

In the spring of 1950, with the approval of the CPC Central Committee, the Southwest Military and Political Committee was established, with Commander Liu Bocheng as the chairman, and Deng Xiaoping as political commissar and Sichuan Kuomintang rebel generals Xiong Kewu, Long Yun, and Liu Wenhui as vice chairmen. Various ministries, commissions and commissions have been set up under the supervision, and four administrative offices of eastern Sichuan, southern Sichuan, western Sichuan and northern Sichuan have been established, as well as Xikang, Guizhou, Yunnan Provincial Government and Chongqing Municipality. After the peaceful liberation of Tibet, the Tibet Autonomous Region was established and the work of peaceful construction and economic restoration officially began.

At that time, the southwest had just been liberated, and everything was in ruins. In order to restore the economy and develop production, where should we start with construction? The Chengdu-Chongqing Railway is the aspiration of the people of Sichuan and Chongqing for decades, such as starting from the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway, which not only conforms to the objective law of economic development, but also becomes the forerunner of the national economy, and can also contribute to the recovery of the southwest economy and drive the development of hundreds of industries. Liu Dengshou put forward and decided on this major policy decision with great insight over a long period of time, and it was supported and approved by the central authorities.

The Southwest Bureau of the CPC Central Committee has seriously studied the issues related to the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway, and believes that in terms of financial resources and manpower, as long as we maintain and carry forward the arduous and simple style of work and adhere to the principle of taking it from the people for the people, we will be able to undertake this historical mission. Through the purchase of materials and materials needed for the construction of railways, the common development of industry and commerce can be promoted and social and economic prosperity can be promoted. By participating in the construction of railways, we can absorb the employment of the unemployed in urban and rural areas, and we can also drive peasants to increase their incomes. As long as we rely on the masses and conscientiously eliminate the harassment of small groups of bandits in various localities, it will not be difficult to eliminate them; moreover, after the elimination of bandits and anti-hegemony, the people's lives will be more stable and secure, they will have more trust in the government and the army, and they will be more active in participating in road construction and production, so the anti-hegemony of the bandits and the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing railway can go hand in hand at the same time.

According to the decision of Chief Liu Deng and the Southwest Bureau, Zhao Jianmin, minister of communications of the Southwest Military and Political Commission, was sent to Beijing to report to the CPC Central Committee and the Ministry of Railways for instructions. After the decision of the Secretariat of the Central Committee, 100 million kilograms of rice were first allocated as construction funds, and the Ministry of Railways also made a clear reply to the organization of the railway, the leadership relationship, the line standards, and the allocation of locomotives and rolling stock. The Southwest Railway is tentatively led by the Southwest Military and Political Committee, and the technical business is guided by the Ministry of Railways and pointed out that it should be based on the guidelines of "relying on localities, pooling wisdom and efforts, using local materials, and repairing railways". The plan to build the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway was fully supported by the CPC Central Committee, and when Zhao Jianmin returned to Chongqing to report to Chief Liu Deng, Chief Liu Deng made preparations for the preliminary construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway.

Construction scene of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway Road Construction Army

Chief Liu Deng did specific work for the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway

What specific work did Chief Liu Deng do to build the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway?

(1) Improve the organization and select talents

As the Kuomintang gradually retreated to a corner of the southwest, the old railway engineering agencies gradually retreated to the southwest. After the liberation of Chongqing, the old railway institutions taken over by the Traffic Takeover Committee of the Chongqing Municipal Military Control Commission included: the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway Engineering Bureau, the Preparatory Office for the Construction of the Sichuan-Qianqian Railway, the Chongqing Office of the Xiangguiqian Railway, the Zhejiang-Gansu Railway Depository Office, the Chongqing Storage and Transportation Office of the Longhai Railway, the Custody Office of the Northeast Transportation General Administration, and the Chongqing Branch of the China Bridge Company. Among these institutions are a considerable number of engineering and technical personnel and old railway workers. The Southwest Military and Political Committee decided to establish the Southwest Railway Engineering Bureau on the basis of the old Chengdu-Chongqing Railway Engineering Bureau, plus all the old railway institutions. This has a group of ready-made engineers and technicians, some of whom are excellent engineers. For example, Liu Jianxi, Lei Congmin, Huo Hecheng, Cai Weicang, Lan Tian, Guo Yi, Tan Qifang, Chen Zuyu, Zhong Ruiqing, and so on, transferred them to posts that contributed to the construction of the new Chinese railway.

The Southwest Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and the Southwest Military and Political Committee decided to transfer Zhao Jianmin, minister of transportation in the southwest (former commander of the 17th Army of Erye), as director of the Southwest Railway Engineering Bureau and secretary of the party committee. Zhao Xichun, deputy director of the Shanghai Railway Bureau (formerly chief of staff of the Sanye Column), was transferred by the Ministry of Railways as deputy director, and Mr. Sa Fujun, a veteran engineer and famous scholar, was appointed as deputy director and chief engineer. Subsequently, Wang Zhizhe was appointed director of the political department of the bureau, and Zhao Tao, who had been secretary of the Guizhou Working Committee and chairman of the Guizhou Provincial Federation of Trade Unions, was transferred to be the chairman of the bureau trade union, thus gradually improving the leading group of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway.

A number of military cadres have been transferred to become middle-level leading cadres. Among the divisions and regimental-level cadres transferred from Erye Division, Zhenghe, and the 17th Army were Booker, Li Lingshi, Zhang Yun, Yan Haiqing, Han Rihan, Shi Xiaozhao, Zhang Zihou, Mao Dingyuan, Wang Qingsong, Sun Lianjie, Li Hengxiao, Shi An, Mo Li, Song Zihe, Bai Zhenrui, Sun Jingmin, and Chen Zhijian and Liu Beigeng, military deputies who had participated in the takeover of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway Engineering Bureau. From Ichino, there were Huang Xinyi, Liu Shenghua, Wang Xiangzhai and so on, most of whom later became the leading backbone of the railway system and were distributed to railway engineering units throughout the country, making great contributions to the construction of railways throughout the country.

With the progress of the project, the Ministry of Railways has transferred a number of cadres and skilled technicians in various types such as engineering technology, road maintenance, communication signals, construction, machine maintenance, and vehicles from the National Railway Bureau and railway factory. They have the enthusiasm to support the construction of the Southwest Railway, and they have practical work experience, so that all professional work can be carried out quickly.

The Ministry of Railways has also successively sent some interns graduated from colleges and universities and interns trained by China Railway Cadre Training Class, and the Engineering Bureau has also selected some outstanding students from the high school graduates of Chongqing Summer Academy, and after short-term business training, supplemented them to various departments. These young cadres have a fairly high level of education, work hard, are enterprising, and accept new things quickly. After replenishing these forces, the Army of Road Construction on the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway is even more vigorous.

According to the needs of the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway, the Bureau has set up party committees, political departments, bureau trade unions, bureau youth league committees, chief engineer's offices, bureau offices, planning, public works, design, finance, materials, personnel, labor wages, machinery transportation, general affairs, public security and other departments. In order to lead the project, 9 public works sections were set up along the line, including Jiulongpo, Youxi, Yongchuan, Rongchang, Neijiang, Zizhong, Ziyang, Jianyang and Chengdu, with 29 sub-sections under its jurisdiction. Chengdu has set up the Engineering Agency as the representative organ of the Engineering Bureau, and has also set up a number of professional engineering teams and factories according to the specialty. Such as bridges, communication signals, construction, track laying bridges, water supply, etc., have established a professional backbone team, but also in the spirit of self-reliance, the establishment of reinforced concrete prestressed T-beam manufacturing plant, explosives factory, brick and tile factory, timber factory, locomotive repair plant, automobile maintenance plant, etc., so that the Chengdu-Chongqing railway project can be carried out smoothly.

The Chengdu-Chongqing Railway was successfully opened to traffic

(2) Form an army to pioneer the way

Less than half a year after the liberation of the southwest, the struggle against hegemony between the Qing bandits and bandits has not stopped, socialist construction has just begun, and the Chengdu-Chongqing railway project urgently needs to be started. In accordance with Chairman Mao's instruction that "the People's Liberation Army is not only a combat team, but also a task force," Chiefs Liu Bocheng, Deng Xiaoping, and He Long decided that the Headquarters of the Southwest Military Region would first call on the troops directly under the Southwest Military Region to form the First General Brigade for Road Construction in the Military Industry, go to the designated site, and take the lead in construction.

On June 15, 1950, the Southwest Military Region and the Southwest Railway Engineering Bureau jointly held the groundbreaking ceremony of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway, and a great undertaking of building a new southwest region was vigorously launched. More than a month later, they held a timely meeting on road construction in the military industry, preliminarily summed up the experience, studied how to overcome the existing difficulties, and rationally solved the supply and allocation of tools, food, medicine, and funds. Li Da, deputy commander of the Southwest Military Region, gave instructions at the meeting, and then the four military regions of eastern Sichuan, southern Sichuan, western Sichuan, and northern Sichuan each formed a general corps, and together with the first general brigade, a total of 5 corps, with a total of more than 30,000 soldiers, soon arrived at the construction site. These servicemen held high the banner of "pioneers" and set a brilliant example for the people of Sichuan and Chongqing with practical actions.

In February 1951, more than 7,000 people of the Southwest Engineering Corps continued to respond to the call of the Southwest Military Region and participated in the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway, and undertook part of the construction of the engineering sections of Yongchuan, Zizhong, Ziyang and Jianyang. After completing the task, they were gradually transferred out of the construction site, and finally all of them were rebuilt in January 1952. The troops of the Southwest Military Region responded to and carried out Commander Liu Bocheng's call to build a new southwest with practical actions, made great contributions to the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway, and were also a brilliant example of the army taking the lead in participating in socialist construction after the founding of New China.

The Military Industrial Corps also accepted the task of leading unemployed workers to participate in road construction. In order to implement the policy of self-help in production, the Southwest Military and Political Committee decided to organize unemployed workers in various districts of Sichuan and Chongqing to participate in the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway, and by September 1950, the statistics had reached 18,000. These people are led by various military industrial corps, send cadres to the workers' formations to give specific leadership, attach importance to the preparation of reception, and carry out education in various political, ideological, and professional techniques. Army commanders and fighters also took the lead in voluntarily donating clothes, shoes, towels, stationery, and so on to support the contingent of unemployed workers; some troops bought a lot of vegetables and comforted the workers with their surplus funds, which deeply touched these unemployed people, and they quickly stabilized their mood and realized that the PLA was the people's own army, which stimulated their enthusiasm for building railways. Efficiency soon increased, and many unemployed people were later formally hired as railroad workers.

Chairman Mao wrote an inscription for the completion and opening of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway

(3) Establish a professional and technical team

At the beginning of November 1950, after the military industrial corps were successively returned to the establishment, the Southwest Military and Political Committee convened the party and government representatives of various bureaus, special offices, and counties to hold a meeting on road construction for migrant workers, and decided to mobilize 100,000 migrant workers to build the Chongqing Railway. Through the repeated mobilization of Chief Liu Deng, it has been shown that the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway is one of the basic tasks of the party and the government, and it can be completely combined with rent reduction and detention and mobilization of the masses, and that the people's road construction not only conforms to the wishes of the masses for many years, but also increases the peasants' income, relieves the doubts of some people, and unifies their understanding.

The people of Sichuan and Chongqing counties warmly greeted the migrant workers, presented pennants, yellow smoke, hanging faces, cloth shoes, and straw shoes, and doctors participated in the road construction team to treat the workers. During the Spring Festival, the Cultural and Labor Troupe of the Southern Sichuan Branch also performed condolences for the migrant workers, and the Jianyang detachment alone received 1622 New Year letters, 1790 New Year tablets, 200 kilograms of yellow smoke, 1233 kilograms of noodles, and 1266 pairs of cloth shoes.

The leading cadres of the districts proposed to ensure that the fruits of the struggle would also be distributed to the peasants who participated in the construction of roads when reducing rents and returning mortgages and land reform. If there is difficulty, the peasant association will organize the cultivation on behalf of the peasants, so that the migrant workers who build roads will not miss the production time of farming, so the migrant workers are enthusiastic about building roads without worries.

Road construction migrant workers take participation in road construction as a glorious task, and their production technology gradually changes from not understanding to understanding, from unfamiliar to skilled, and their work efficiency is gradually improved. In the meritorious model movement, more than 20,000 labor models have emerged. Among them, well-known ones such as Xie Jiaquan, Yan Shaogui, Xiao Guanghan and others created the advanced method of shifang hitting the eye and firing cannons. For example, "press-guided cannon" and "single-person punching fiber" have significantly improved the ergonomics.

In order to meet the increasingly developing requirements of railway construction in the future, it is necessary to select and form a capable and professional road construction team. At the road construction work conference held in March 1951, the Southwest Railway Engineering Committee decided to prepare for the construction of the engineering corps. Among the ranks of migrant workers and unemployed workers, workers with high efficiency, young and strong, aged between 25 and 35, politically clear, able to bear hardships and stand hard work, are organized into engineering corps.

At the time of mobilization, it is stated that the nature of the corps is a fixed southwest railway construction unit and a long-term organization. However, the workers are still temporary workers for the time being, the piece-rate wage system is implemented, more work is more, and in the future, the railway needs to increase the number of regular workers should be given priority to be admitted from the engineering corps.

On June 1, 1951, the Engineering Corps was formally established, with 11 brigades under its jurisdiction, with a total of about 8,500 selected migrant workers and workers, and 440 military cadres were officially retained as the leading backbone of the engineering corps and various brigades and squadrons. The establishment of this team not only took on the task of earthwork construction of the new railway, but also gradually studied and participated in professional training such as tunnels, bridges, and mechanical construction, becoming the backbone of the construction of the railway, and then successively turned into regular employees. Practice has proved that the establishment of this team is far-sighted.

Political Commissar Deng Xiaoping wrote an inscription for the completion and opening of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway

(4) Attach importance to engineering and technical personnel

Chief Liu Deng took over the old railway engineering institutions and retained a large number of engineering and technical personnel. During the rule of the Kuomintang, they did not build for many years and "sat on the cold bench". After the liberation of the southwest, construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway soon began, and Chief Liu Deng correctly implemented the party's policy of intellectuals, trusted them, boldly used them, and assigned specific work, and some also held leading positions at all levels. Sappho, an expert outside the party, served as deputy director and chief engineer. Many non-party technicians have served as section chiefs and section chiefs, leading construction in the front line, and some are responsible for the administrative leadership of professional teams and factories. They are all refreshed, energetic, make a difference, and fully mobilize their enthusiasm.

The survey and design work of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway was carried out before liberation, which was very incomplete and of low standards, and some roadbed earth and stone squares and bridge and tunnel projects had been started. After instructing the Ministry of Railways, the completed project before the liberation was temporarily in accordance with the original standard, and after the liberation, it was basically built in accordance with the secondary standard of the railway construction regulations (draft), so there were many places where the design needed to be changed during the construction. Because of the urgency of the construction of the whole line, it is impossible not to adopt the method of designing, improving, and constructing at the same time. The engineering and technical personnel have given full play to their role and ensured the normal progress of construction.

The construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway pays attention to local materials. There are more stones along the line, there is no shortage of masonry, through the comparison of engineering and technical personnel, stone masonry projects are higher quality and cheaper than concrete projects. Therefore, many bridges along the line use stone piers, large-span arch bridge type arch stone bridges, which are not only economical, saving cement, but also beautiful and durable. Tunnels also use stone side walls and arches to reduce the cost of the project. From the perspective of cost, the capital construction investment is 160.811 million yuan, and the cost per kilometer is 310,000 yuan, which is the fastest and most provincial railway completed in the hilly areas after the founding of the mainland.

The construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway began on August 1, 1950, with track laying to Yongchuan on June 30, 1951, Neijiang on December 6, and Chengdu on June 13, 1952. On July 1, 1952, Chongqing and Chengdu held a grand opening ceremony for the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway, realizing the beautiful long-cherished wish of the people of Sichuan and Chongqing. At that time, Chairman Mao Zedong heard the news and waved an inscription: "Celebrate the opening of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway, and continue to work hard to build the Tiancheng Road!" Deng Xiaoping, then head of the southwest military and political department, also wrote an inscription: "Celebrate the opening of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway!"

Subsequently, the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway, a road-building army, successively built the Baocheng, Chengkun, Neikun (to Yibin), Guikun, Chuanqian, Qiangui, Xiangqian, Xiangyu and other railways, which initially constituted the southwest railway network and was connected to all parts of the country, and from then on, the Shu Road was no longer difficult.

After the opening of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway, the economy of the southwest region has undergone earth-shaking changes, and the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway has truly played a pioneering role in the national economy. The completion of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway has comprehensively promoted the development of the industrial, agricultural, commercial and tourism industries, and the economy of Sichuan and Chongqing has been unprecedentedly prosperous. This is a magical heavenly road, which has made great contributions to revitalizing the economy of Sichuan and Chongqing and benefiting the people of Sichuan and Chongqing, and has become a kangzhuang road to happiness for the people of Sichuan and Chongqing.

The Chengdu-Chongqing Railway is of extremely important historical significance in the history of China's railway development, because it is the first railway built by Chinese after the founding of New China.

(Reference: Sichuan Literature and History - Chengdu-Chongqing Railway Album)