Interpretation of the national pine plant quarantine requirements for the occurrence of imported pine wood nematodes
preface
Pine wood nematodes are quarantine pests of mainland imported plants and national forestry quarantine pests, which cause extremely dangerous forest diseases and pose a serious threat to the forestry production and ecological security of the mainland, and the competent departments of forestry and grassland of the mainland have adopted strict control measures. In order to prevent the introduction of pine wood nematodes, in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations of the mainland and the international standards for phytosanitary measures, after risk assessment, the General Administration of Customs issued Announcement No. 110 of 2021 on December 16, 2021 (National Pine Plant Quarantine Requirements for the Occurrence of Imported Pine Wood Nematodes), which came into force on February 1, 2022.
Pictured: Pine wood nematodes and affected pine trees under a microscope
02 Interpretation of the announcement
01 Quarantine basis
1. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Quarantine of Animals and Plants Entering and Leaving china and Regulations on the Implementation of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Quarantine of Animals and Plants Entering and Leaving the Country;
2. Biosecurity Law of the People's Republic of China;
3. International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures.
02 Product name
The scientific name of pine wood in this bulletin is Pinus spp., and the English name is Pine wood, which includes logs and sawn timber.
03 Applicable countries
Canada, Japan, South Korea, Mexico, Portugal, Spain, United States.
04 Quarantine before export
(1) Logs
1. Before export, the competent department of phytosanitary of the exporting country shall be tested in the laboratory of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus for each batch of logs exported to China. If pine wood nematodes are detected, the logs must not be exported to China.
2. If no pine wood nematodes are detected, each batch of logs should be fumigated with brominemethane and sulfonyl fluoride before export to ensure that forest pests such as Tianniu are killed.
(2) Sawn timber
1. Before exporting, heat treatment should be carried out on each batch of exported sawn timber to kill forest pests such as pine wood nematodes and tianniu.
2. If heat treatment has not been carried out, samples shall be taken for laboratory testing and fumigation treatment of pine wood nematodes in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (1) of Article 4 of these Requirements.
(3) Supervision of quarantine treatment
Fumigation treatment or heat treatment of pine wood exported to China before export shall be carried out under the supervision of the competent department of phytosanitary quarantine of the exporting country to ensure that the quarantine treatment is effective.
(4) Plant inspection certificate requirements
1. For logs or sawn timber that have passed quarantine before export, the competent department of phytosanitary inspection of the exporting country shall issue a plant quarantine certificate.
2. For logs or sawn timber tested and fumigated by laboratory testing and fumigation, the phytosanitary certificate shall indicate the type, duration, ambient temperature and dosage of the fumigant and indicate in an additional statement: "This consignment of pine wood has been sampled and tested in laboratory, and Bursaphelenchus xylophilus was not detected." (The pine wood has been sampled for laboratory testing and no pine wood nematodes have been detected.) ）
3. For sawn timber that is heat treated before export, the phytosanitary certificate shall indicate the core temperature and duration of the heat treated sawn timber.
05 Quarantine of entry
When pine wood arrives at china's port of entry, China Customs implements quarantine in accordance with the following requirements.
(1) Imported pine wood should be imported from a designated port (see attached for the list of ports), which is located in the pine wood nematode epidemic area determined by China.
(2) Verify whether the phytosanitary certificate complies with the provisions of Paragraph (4) of Article 4 of these Requirements.
(3) In accordance with relevant laws, administrative regulations, rules and other provisions, the imported pine wood is quarantined, and samples are taken for laboratory testing of pine wood nematodes. Those who pass the quarantine are allowed to enter the country.
(4) If live forest pests such as pine wood nematodes or tianniu are detected, the batch of pine trees shall be returned or destroyed. The General Administration of Customs will promptly notify the competent departments of phytosanitary authorities of the exporting countries and suspend the import of pine trees from relevant enterprises and production areas as appropriate.
06 Retrospective assessment
According to the dynamics of the outbreak of pine wood nematodes and the interception at ports, the General Administration of Customs carried out risk assessment and adjusted the phytosanitary requirements according to the assessment results.
07 Attached: List of designated ports for imported pine wood nematodes occurring in the country
Jiangsu Province: Lianyungang (Ganyu Port, Yanwei Port, New Oriental Wharf), Nanjing (Longtan Wharf, Xinsheng Weigang)
Zhejiang Province: Ningbo Beilun Port, Zhoushan Port, Wenzhou Port, Taizhou Port
Fujian Province: Fuzhou Port (Mawei, Jiangyin)
Shandong Province: Huangdao Port, Rizhao Port, Rizhao Lanshan Port, Dongjiakou Port
Guangdong Province: Foshan Nanhai Sanshan Port, Zhaoqing New Port, Huangpu Port, Dongguan Port, Zhuwanbai Port, Shantou Guang'ao Port
Background
1 // Overview of pine wood nematodes
Pine wood nematode originated in North America, was first isolated from longleaf pine wood in Texas in 1929, and later introduced to Asia and Europe with the pine logs and wood packaging exported from North America, and is currently occurring in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Japan, South Korea, Spain, Portugal and China.
Pine wood nematodes in pine forests mainly spread through vector insects such as pine mo tianniu, causing pine conifers to wilt and the whole diseased tree to dry up and die.
Pine trees in North America are mostly resistant, and local pine wilting occurs only sporadically. After the introduction of pine wood nematodes into Asia and Europe, due to changes in conditions such as hosts, vector insects, environment and natural enemies, pine wood nematode disease occurs seriously, and under suitable environmental and host conditions, pine wood nematode infection can lead to pine tree death for about 40 days, causing great harm to the forestry production of pine wood nematode occurrence countries in Asia and Europe.
Figure: How pine wood nematodes are transmitted
2 // Current status of pine wood nematode management in China
Pine wood nematode disease was first detected in 1982 in the Purple Mountain of Nanjing, mainland China, and has since spread rapidly.
According to the announcement of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, by the end of 2020, the pine wood nematode epidemic area in the mainland has reached 726 counties (cities, districts) in 18 provinces, which seriously threatens the ecological security, biosecurity and economic development of the mainland, and the annual investment in prevention and control funds in the mainland has reached billions of yuan.
In order to strengthen the management of pine wood nematode disease epidemic areas and diseased wood and prevent the spread of the epidemic, the competent forestry and grassland departments on the mainland have taken strict measures to strengthen the control of pine wood nematode disease wood and their products, requiring that pine wood in pine wood nematode epidemic areas must not be transferred, crushed, sliced or burned on the spot. In June 2021, 13 ministries and commissions, including the National Green Committee and the General Administration of Customs, jointly issued a notice calling for further strengthening the prevention and control of the pine wood nematode epidemic.
3 // Quarantine status of imported pine wood
The mainland imports a large amount of pine wood every year, many of which come from countries where pine wood nematode disease occurs. Mainland customs detected a variety of live quarantine pests from imported pine wood, including pine wood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, southern pine toothed beetle Ips grandicollis, etc. Among them, from January to August 2021 alone, the mainland detected 414 batches of pine wood nematodes from imported pine woods from the United States. These pines are peeled or fumigated before export, and the phytosanitary certificates issued by the exporting countries are marked as not with pine wood nematodes, but the detection of quarantine pests such as pine wood nematodes remains high. In order to effectively prevent the spread of pine wood nematodes and protect the forestry production and ecological safety of the mainland, the existing quarantine requirements for imported pine trees must be adjusted.
The above content is for reference only, please indicate the source "12360 Customs Hotline" when reprinting
Note: Some of the images are from the Internet
Contributors: Nanjing Customs, Fuzhou Customs, Tianjin Customs
Audit unit: Department of Animals and Plants, General Administration of Customs
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