Source: China Tibet Network
The fight against COVID-19 is a war without smoke and smoke, bringing us many thoughts about history, culture, beliefs, strength and so on. Traditional Chinese medicine, including Tibetan medicine, has played an irreplaceable role in this anti-epidemic war with its unique treatment concept, method and effect. Let's pull the camera to a cross-Himalayan war "epidemic" and see how the people of all ethnic groups can vividly interpret and cast the sense of the Chinese national community in the common fight against the "epidemic".
I. Tibetan Medicine in the Fight Against the Epidemic
There is distress and emotion: the friendship of compatriots in a transnational aid
In June 2021, the southern part of the Himalayas has entered the rainy season. At night, mountain winds whistle through the Kathmandu Valley, and the dense primeval forests of the Terai Plain are stormy and thunderous. During the day, the sky gradually cleared. Overlooking the hustle and bustle of Kathmandu in the past, the looming city and pool are revealed by the dissipation of smog, and the intricate brick and red buildings and chaotic streets and alleys are no longer prosperous. The clouds concealed the snowy mountains, but they covered a red sun with a golden coat, refracting the mighty light.
There are not many pedestrians on the street, and they have no time to appreciate the city's rare tranquility. In early April 2020, nepal experienced a second wave of COVID-19, and some areas, including the Kathmandu Valley, began lockdown measures on April 29 and have been extended repeatedly since then. In early May, the outbreak worsened rapidly, with the number of new confirmed cases and deaths soaring. According to data released by the Ministry of Health and Population of Nepal on May 7, there were 9,023 new confirmed cases in a single day, with a cumulative total of 377603 confirmed cases.
"The virus is pervasive and invincible, and nepal does not have an absolutely safe place now." I felt like I was going to get infected sooner or later, just afraid of implicating my child. In early May, Xia Chenchen, a Chinese doctor in Nepal, said in an interview with Health Times, "As a doctor, I have seen many lives and deaths before, but the power of this mutated virus is still beyond imagination." The disease changes too quickly, life and death are too sudden! ”
Greatly challenged by the "Delta" mutant strain and its re-mutation strain, the health of the Nepalese people has been seriously threatened due to the limitations of basic medical conditions, and some Chinese working in Nepal have also unfortunately contracted the disease.
In June, guangzhou construction co., ltd. in Nepal project department a number of employees infected with the new crown pneumonia virus, the company undertook the Construction of the Chinese government to assist the Nepalese civil servants hospital upgrading project. It is understood that previously, the project department strictly implemented normalized epidemic prevention and control measures, did a good job in access registration management, daily disinfection and other work, and strictly implemented prevention and control measures such as wearing masks and detecting body temperature for all employees.
"The 'Delta' mutant strain is highly contagious and spreads quickly, and under strict prevention and control measures, 32 people are still unfortunately infected within 5 days." They successively had symptoms such as cold fever, fatigue and fatigue, cough, nausea, and stool, and 1 case each of the patients who lost their sense of smell and taste, and Mr. Yin, a staff member of the project department, was also unfortunately infected.
After the employees were found to be infected, the project department immediately launched an emergency plan, the project stopped, the infected people were isolated at the first time, nucleic acid testing was carried out on all employees, and active treatment was carried out for those who tested positive for nucleic acid by using the anti-epidemic drugs in stock and the procurement of local drugs in Nepal.
"We're busy coping and struggling." As Gautam, spokesman for Nepal's Ministry of Health and Population, said, covid-19 patients are increasing, the epidemic is rapidly worsening, and various medical resources are highly scarce. In the midst of it, the project department's response has had little effect.
From June 11 to July 15, natural disasters have caused the damage of 25 suspension bridges, 25 roads and 25 hydropower projects, coupled with the closure of Nepal, the suspension of direct flights between China and Nepal, the inability to arrive in a large number of epidemic prevention materials purchased from China in a timely manner, the serious shortage of local medical supplies in Nepal, the inability to replenish the medicines stockpiled by the project department, and the imminent exhaustion of medical assistance work, the pressure on medical assistance work is increasing day by day.
The project department made every effort to win the support of the embassy and the Chinese medical team to defeat the epidemic. After hearing the news, Tibet Qizheng Tibetan Medicine Co., Ltd. carried forward the humanitarian spirit, contacted colleagues and cooperative customers stationed in Nepal, and provided 32 Chinese patients of Guangzhou Construction Co., Ltd. with clinically verified Tibetan medicine combination soup granules, influenza pills, and Renqing Mangjue capsules that had been clinically verified in the process of fighting the epidemic in China. At the same time, 6 young Nepalese women who were not hospitalized were also given Tibetan medicine for out-of-hospital treatment.
"Unfortunately, after the infection, Qizheng Tibetan Medicine Co., Ltd. provided us with three different stages of prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of Tibetan medicine use and treatment plan, according to the clinical performance we took soup granules, flu pills, Renqing Mangjue capsules three kinds of drugs." Mr. Yin said.
Among the infected people in the project department, Mr. Yin is older and has a more serious lung infection through X-ray. After the diagnosis, after Mr. Yin was hospitalized and took Tibetan medicine for more than ten days, his body improved significantly through clinical observation, and as of now, the nucleic acid test has not returned to Yang many times after the test turned yin.
"The project department carried out a lot of epidemic prevention and control publicity in the early stage, and this time the treatment was timely and appropriate, I did not feel panic and nervous after the infection, and my personal body has fully recovered." Mr. Yin said.
It is understood that after more than half a month of treatment, the nucleic acid tests of 32 Chinese patients and 6 nepalese young women who used the combination of Tibetan medicine and basic treatment all turned negative.
After the patient had been tested for many times, Guangzhou Construction Group specially wrote a thank-you letter to Tibet Qizheng Tibetan Medicine Co., Ltd. The letter reads: Tibet Qizheng Tibetan Medicine Co., Ltd. "interpreted the glorious spirit of helping the needy and the needy with practical actions, and built a solid epidemic protection barrier for the life and health safety of our project personnel in Nepal." At the critical juncture of our company's project department in Nepal to fight the epidemic, the generosity and full assistance of Tibet Qizheng Tibetan Medicine Co., Ltd. provided solid material support and strong spiritual motivation for the project department to win this war without gun smoke."
A transnational aid shows the feelings of Private Enterprises in Tibet taking the initiative to assume social responsibility, helping the poor in times of crisis, and actively assisting compatriots abroad, and this is only a microcosm of the people of all ethnic groups who have unswervingly forged the consciousness of the Chinese national community.
Without clothes, with the Son: the responsibility and dedication of Tibetan medicine in the fight against the epidemic
"Continuously optimize the diagnosis and treatment plan and adhere to the integration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine", on February 10, 2020, General Secretary Xi Jinping made the above instructions when investigating and guiding the prevention and control of the new crown pneumonia epidemic in Beijing.
In the face of the severe and complex epidemic prevention and control situation, China has taken strong measures to quickly control the epidemic, give full play to the advantages of the combination of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, and build a solid health defense line for the people. In China's anti-epidemic plan, traditional Chinese medicine has played an active role. Tibetan medicine is an important part of traditional Chinese medicine, and after the outbreak of the new crown pneumonia epidemic, the Tibetan medical community also responded quickly, formulating and releasing Tibetan medicine prevention, treatment and rehabilitation plans, and actively promoting Tibetan medicine to participate in epidemic prevention and control and medical treatment.
In February 2020, the Tibetan medicine prescription in the "Gansu Formula" began to be applied to the frontline of the fight against the epidemic in Wuhan, confirming for the first time the efficacy of Tibetan medicine in the treatment of new crown pneumonia. In March, the Science and Technology Department of Qinghai Province organized the research and development and production of 2,000 copies of the "Nine Flavor Anti-Plague Black Medicine Powder Sachet", of which 1,000 copies were sent to the frontline of the fight against the epidemic in Hubei. At the beginning of the epidemic, Beijing Tibetan Hospital rushed to produce tens of thousands of formulas derived from the nine-flavor anti-plague sachet of the classic tibetan medicine work "Four Medical Codes", distributed them to the frontline personnel of epidemic prevention and control in Beijing, and entrusted the National Health Commission to deliver 2,000 copies to the front line in Wuhan, and then successively supported tens of thousands of medicine packages in Countries along the "Belt and Road" such as Russia, Italy, and Pakistan. In Sichuan, the thousand-year-old classic ancient formula combination of Nanpai Tibetan medicine in Ganzi Prefecture and the feasible Tibetan medicine formula developed by Silang Qingpei, president of Harbin Dege Tibetan Medicine Hospital in Heilongjiang Province, were used to treat patients with new coronary pneumonia, and 76 of the 78 confirmed cases used lung detoxification combination (new crown No. 1) and Tibetan medicine preparations, with a participation rate of 97%. In 2020, the Tibetan Hospital of the Tibet Autonomous Region produced 118,860 bags of Jiuwei anti-plague sachets, 27,959 bags 263759 of Renqing Rennaqin Mother Pills, 27,959 bags of Soup Powder, 8,000 bags of Tang Qingni Pills, and 3,925 bags of Jiuwei Blood Artemisia Soup Powder, effectively ensuring the demand for epidemic prevention and control materials, and was praised by the Chinese Society of Ethnic Medicine, and awarded 16 people such as Cai Duo the honor of "making outstanding achievements in fighting the new crown pneumonia epidemic". In March 2021, five patients in Lanzhou, Gansu Province, who had repeatedly returned to The Yang for Nucleic Acid Testing in Iran, used Tibetan medicine to induce soup granules and Renqing Mangjue, and the nucleic acid test turned negative and then tested for no return to Yang.
According to statistics, the health commissions in Tibet, Qinghai, Gansu, Sichuan, Yunnan and other places have issued a total of 8 editions of the treatment guidelines for the prevention and treatment of new coronavirus infections with Tibetan medicine, and have successively opened green channels to include a variety of Tibetan medicine epidemic prevention preparations into the scope of medical insurance reimbursement.
The performance of Tibetan medicine in the frontline fight against the epidemic has attracted the attention of Academician Zhong Nanshan of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, who made the following judgment when he connected with the Gansu Provincial Health Commission and the Gansu Provincial New Crown Pneumonia Prevention and Control Expert Group on March 20, 2020: "If you can prevent patients from turning into serious diseases, then traditional medicines are also very effective drugs. I think some Tibetan medicine can alleviate the patient's pathology and not develop into a critical illness, we know that the development of critical illness, treatment is quite difficult, not to develop into critical illness, that is a biggest achievement ..."
Second, the cause of Tibetan medicine has entered a new stage of historical development under the care of the party and the government
The party and the state have always attached importance to the healthy development of Tibetan medicine. Since the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core has made a strategic deployment to promote the construction of a healthy China, attaches great importance to the work of ethnic medicine, and the development of Tibetan medicine has ushered in a "highlight moment" in history, while keeping the integrity and innovating the cause of Tibetan medicine, popularizing and promoting Tibetan medicine services, and promoting the construction of a green industrial system, it has continuously tapped its own potential, promoted the integration of Tibetan medicine culture with modern civilization, and made continuous efforts to improve the health and well-being of the people.
The party and the government have given their full support to the cause of Tibetan medicine
The steady development of Tibetan medicine is a history that is taking place, and it is also a future that advances with the times and enhances the vitality of inheritance and development. In the process of the rapid development of Tibetan medicine, the support of the party and the government in policy guarantees, institutional construction, and talent training is undoubtedly the biggest driving force.
The Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly proposed to "vigorously support the development of traditional Chinese medicine and ethnic medicine", and the Fifth Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee once again emphasized "adhering to the equal emphasis on traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, and promoting the development of traditional Chinese medicine and ethnic medicine". In 2018, the relevant state departments jointly issued the "Several Opinions on Strengthening the Work of Ethnic Minorities in the New Era", which clarified the key areas and policy measures to support the development of ethnic minority medicine, so that the cause of Tibetan medicine can bathe in the spring breeze of development. At the same time, the medical and health system and operational norms with Chinese characteristics and Tibetan characteristics that have been gradually formed since the founding of the People's Republic of China under the guidance of relevant government departments have also made important contributions to promoting the modernization and development of Tibetan medicine. For example, the "Standards for Tibetan Medicine in Six Provinces and Regions" published in 1977, the "Drug Standards of the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China (Volume I of Tibetan Medicine)" published in 1995, and the many Tibetan medicinal materials and Tibetan proprietary medicines included in the "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" over the years have all played an important role in the standardization and standardization of Tibetan medicine.
The care and support of the party and governments at all levels is warm as spring and urges people to forge ahead, and when it falls on the land of Tibet and the four provinces and counties involving Tibet, it becomes a miracle of seeing and believing. In Tibet, for example, in 1951, there were only three Tibetan medical institutions and dozens of medical workers in tibet. After the democratic reform, the Lhasa Tibetan Hospital was integrated and established, and in 1980, the Lhasa Tibetan Hospital was expanded into the Tibetan Hospital of the Tibet Autonomous Region, and the Tibetan medicine service network was continuously expanded. During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, Tibet built two national traditional Chinese medicine inheritance and innovation projects, the Tibetan Hospital of the Autonomous Region and the Shannan Tibetan Medicine Hospital, and built 549 township (town) Tibetan medical centers. Today, 6 prefecture-level Tibetan medicine medical institutions and 36 independent county-level Tibetan medicine institutions have been built throughout Tibet, and the coverage rate of Tibetan medicine diagnosis and treatment in township health centers and village clinics has reached 94.4% and 42.4% respectively, with 3.29 million people diagnosing and treating 3.29 million times a year; and more than 3,700 professional and technical personnel of Tibetan medicine.
The key to the vigorous development of Tibetan medicine lies in the successive batches of high-quality Tibetan medicine talents. Since the peaceful liberation of Tibet, especially since the reform and opening up, the party and the government have always attached great importance to the cultivation of Tibetan medicine talents, and in 1989, the Tibet Tibetan Medical College (renamed "Tibet University of Tibetan Medicine" ) was established as a national traditional medicine institution integrating medicine, teaching and research. The Tibetan Medical College is the only separate institution of higher learning in Tibetan medicine approved by the Ministry of Education, in addition to which there are 4 colleges and universities specializing in Tibetan medicine or Tibetan medicine, including the Tibetan Medical College of Qinghai University, the Tibetan Medical College of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the College of Ethnic Medicine of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and the Tibetan College of Southwest University for Nationalities.
At present, Tibet University of Tibetan Medicine has formed an education system with multi-level coordinated development such as undergraduate, postgraduate and on-the-job education, and has trained more than 7,000 undergraduate talents in Tibetan medicine. The implementation of the inheritance project of famous Tibetan medicine experts and apprentices has trained a total of 100 heirs in 6 batches. More than 1,000 grassroots Tibetan medical personnel in Tibet have obtained corresponding qualification certificates through teacher education and continuing education. Two national standardized training bases for Tibetan medical doctors have been built, two chinese medicine master studios, 14 famous old Tibetan medicine inheritance studios, 9 grass-roots expert inheritance studios and 20 autonomous region-level famous old expert inheritance studios have been established, and two chinese medicine masters, 3 national famous Chinese medicine doctors, 1 national famous Chinese medicine teacher, and 36 autonomous region famous Tibetan doctors have been trained. Remarkable results have been achieved in the cultivation of talents and the construction of the team.
The inheritance, innovation and transformation of Tibetan medicine itself
The long-term development of Tibetan medicine must ultimately rely on itself to adapt to the development and changes of the times, constantly innovate and go to the world. With the strong support of the state, Tibetan medicine actively seeks a breakthrough path, not only good at maintaining and inheriting the rich essence of Tibetan medicine, but also good at absorbing and drawing on new theories and new technologies of modern science and technology, consciously integrating into modern society to temper and improve itself, opening up a world that has never existed in history but has great promise in the future, and even attracting attention in the international medical field.
Modern science and technology have promoted the study of the pathology of Tibetan medicine, and the theory of external evil diseases in Tibetan medicine, the theory of emotional disease, and the theory of seasonal travels have all been explained by modern science. For example, the "external evil" in Tibetan medicine theory has been studied by modern scientific research and mainly bacteria, viruses, parasites, and mycoplasma infections. In addition, through genetic technology and chemical composition research, the identification level of Tibetan medicinal plants and the efficacy of Tibetan medicine have been improved, such as the extraction of Rhodiola rosea active ingredients for the treatment of anti-hypoxia diseases, and the extraction of active ingredients of Roeth tooth vegetables for the treatment of liver dysfunction diseases, which have achieved good results in clinical practice. It can be said that modern science and technology and modern medicine are the key to leading Tibetan medicine to carry out "nuclear fission".
Known as the "first brand of Tibetan medicine", Tibet's "Ganlu Tibetan Medicine" uses the secret method of "sitting on the stage" to refine secret methods and compatibility techniques such as seventy-flavor pearl pills and Renqing Changjue, embodying magical and unique medical value, and has been selected into the mainland's national intangible cultural heritage list and confidential varieties. Modern science and technology has endowed traditional Tibetan medicine with scientific and quantifiable characteristics of the times, from manual production to modern production lines, from decoctions to GMP-compliant pills, tablets, powders, capsules, granules, oral liquids, etc., from labor-intensive to technology-intensive, and the Tibetan medicine industry has achieved a gorgeous turn from traditional to modern. Formerly known as the Lhasa Yaowangshan Medical Li CongregationAlth Chamber and Lhasa "Menzikang" Preparation Room, Manlu Tibetan Medicine has developed into a famous Tibetan medicine enterprise with an annual output of 220 tons of Tibetan proprietary medicine, and the current "Ganlu" brand includes more than 300 kinds of Tibetan proprietary medicines, and its Chinese medicine quasi-brand varieties are 54, covering cardiovascular and cerebrovascular, digestive, rheumatism, dermatological drugs and other fields.
"The spring color of the garden cannot be closed", Tibetan medicine with a long history has become famous in the world with the two "international selections". The Four Medical Codes, compiled by the famous Tibetan medicine scientist Yutunningma Yundan Kampot at the end of the 8th century AD, was selected into the Memory of the World Asia-Pacific List in April 2017 as the founding work of Tibetan medicine. In November 2018, China's "Tibetan Medicine Bath Law - Knowledge and Practice of Tibetans in China on Life, Health and Disease Prevention" was included in the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. This reflects the high recognition of the international community for the traditional culture of Tibetan medicine, the bath of Tibetan medicine and even the overall value of Tibetan medicine, and is of great significance for Tibetan medicine to enter the international stage and spread and practice the spirit of Tibetan medicine to benefit the people on a larger scale.
Save people from the world, and help the poor through industry
Without the health of the whole people, there will be no well-off for all. Tibetan medicine practices the responsibility of protecting the health of the masses and serving the society, and plays its own role in promoting the rapid economic and social development of Tibet and the four provinces and counties involved in Tibet and accelerating the construction of a healthy China.
With its individual characteristics and good curative effect, Tibetan medicine has broken a path to the vast market at home and abroad, from living in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to the patients of the World of Guangdong Medicine, Tibetan Medicine has benefited people all over the world. "In the past, 90 percent of the people who came to see Tibetan medicine were Tibetans. Now the number of Han, Hui and Mongolian patients coming to the doctor has increased, especially in the peak tourist season every year, and many foreign tourists have also come to visit, especially the Tibetan medicine bath, a bed is difficult to find. Seeing that Tibetan medicine can relieve the suffering of so many people makes Sang Lao, president of the Tibetan Hospital in Xiahe County, Gannan Prefecture, Gansu Province, who has been engaged in Tibetan medicine for 39 years, very pleased. It is reported that the annual number of patients in Tibetan hospitals at the Gannan Prefecture and county levels has increased from 160,000 in 2005 to 500,000 at present, and the technical level and service capacity of Tibetan medicine have been continuously improved.
Mr. Zhou from Changchun, Jilin Province, has suffered from the triad of follicle atresia for several years, and has come from more than 3,000 kilometers northeast to Hainan Prefecture Tibetan Hospital in Qinghai Province for Tibetan medicine pulse laxative therapy. From the puffiness of the whole body when he first came to the pain of the second diagnosis and treatment, Mr. Zhou was overjoyed: "The effect of Tibetan medicine is really amazing! "The hospital set up a laxative department in 2014, using six special treatments such as Tibetan medicine diarrhea, vomiting therapy, and nasal diarrhea, and there are a large number of patients from other places every day. Sogoga, vice president of Tibetan Hospital, said: "Everything in front of us is just a beginning, the road ahead is still very long, and the pace of Tibetan medicine will never stop." ”
Before moving to Caiqutang Village in Dangxiong County, Tibet, Solang Wangdui was so tormented by severe rheumatoid arthritis that he could not get out of bed, and his dark purple ankles and soles of his feet had swollen and deformed. After more than two months of traditional Tibetan medical treatment, he was able to walk normally! What brought Solang Wangdui to life was the medical point of the Yangbajing Base of the Rheumatism Prevention and Control Research Institute of the Tibetan Hospital of the Tibet Autonomous Region in the clinic of Caiqutang Village. Solang Wangdui's hometown is in Nagqu Shuanghu County, where the average altitude is more than 5,000 meters, and the harsh natural conditions have caused him and many of the villagers living here to suffer from severe rheumatism and gradually lose their ability to work. In order to gnaw the "hard bones" of returning to poverty due to illness, Tibet has embarked on a unique road of "poverty alleviation and relocation + Tibetan medicine health poverty alleviation", and Solang Wangdui and more than 190 of his compatriots have enjoyed Tibetan medicine diagnosis and treatment services at the doorstep of the new family in Yangbajing, where the environment is suitable.
As a leading enterprise in Ritong Township, Qamdo Karo District, Tibet, Ritong Tibetan Medicine Research and Development Co., Ltd. has long provided free medical treatment for the needy people in Ritong Township and surrounding townships, and helped 5 natural villages, including Baida Village and Nichai Village in Ritong Township, to build roads and water canals. "The 50 farmers and herdsmen in our township lease more than 170 mu of land to the company to grow medicinal materials, and have a rental income of 800 yuan per mu of land per year, and at the same time, under their help and guidance, 30 farmers and herdsmen have planted more than 100 mu of medicinal materials on their own, and the annual income per mu of land has reached more than 5,000 yuan." The secretary of the party committee of Ritong Township introduced it. The benevolence of doctors and the trust and affirmation of the masses are the inexhaustible driving force for their struggle. There were originally 249 households in Ritong Township with 1117 poor households, and all of them have been lifted out of poverty.
Looking back on history, from inheritance to innovation, and then to the development of inheriting the past and opening up the future, Tibetan medicine has carried out extensive, profound and vivid practice. The "14th Five-Year Plan" period is a critical period for the high-quality development of the mainland's health and health undertakings, and Tibetan medicine is obligated to stand at a new historical starting point, will strive to provide all-round and full-cycle health services for the people of all ethnic groups, strive to create a new situation of high-quality development of health and health undertakings, and make new and greater contributions to the construction of a healthy China.
Iii. The historical evolution of tibetan medicine culture into the Chinese cultural community
"Our vast territory is jointly opened up by all ethnic groups, our long history is jointly written by all ethnic groups, our splendid culture is jointly created by all ethnic groups, and our great spirit is jointly cultivated by all ethnic groups", at the National Ethnic Unity and Progress Commendation Conference in September 2019, General Secretary Xi Jinping clearly put forward the "four common" concept of forging a solid sense of the Chinese national community.
The reason why Chinese culture is so broad and profound is its inclusive openness, pluralism and inclusiveness. As a treasure of the Chinese national culture, the traditional Chinese medicine culture is the crystallization of knowledge created by various ethnic groups in the long-term production and life practice, and its development is inseparable from ethnic minority medicine. Tibetan medicine is like a magnificent snow lotus flower blooming on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau for thousands of years, and has long exchanged, learned and absorbed with traditional Chinese medicine and Mongolian medicine, forming a pattern of you have me and I have you, which together constitute an important part of traditional Chinese medicine culture.
Archaeological objects, documentary materials, medical practices, etc. are fully corroborated: 5,000 years ago, the Tibetan high-level people had initially mastered some simple and basic medical skills. More than 3,900 years ago, primitive Bon witch doctors flourished in Zhangxiong. Works such as the Four Medical Classics, the Detoxification Yong Zhongxuan, and the Nine Classics of Ganlu Medicine prove that Zhang-zhung Medicine has a certain medical practice and theoretical system. The earliest surviving records of early Sino-Tibetan medical exchanges are in tibetan historical records from the 14th century, which indicate that in the late 6th century, Songtsen Gampo's father, "Nangri Songzan, obtained almanacs and medicine from the Han Dynasty" in the late 6th century. With this as the source, from Songtsen Gampo, a long river of Sino-Tibetan medical exchanges was formed.
A thousand years ago, a journey into Tibet
Culture is the mark and echo of history.
Nowadays, whenever night falls and the distant mountains fade into obscurity, a large-scale live-action drama "Princess Wencheng" will be staged in the theater of the Potala Palace on the south bank of the Lhasa River in Tibet. Under the vast starry sky, people followed the footsteps of Princess Wencheng, retraced the legendary road of Tibetan-Han harmony, nationality and beauty more than 1300 years ago, and listened to the moving epic of national unity.
Songtsen Gampo dressed in wedding costumes, people coming from all directions, vast peacemaidal teams, glorious princesses... It seems to take people through the long river of history.
"Drugs that can treat 404 diseases, 100 diagnostic methods and 5 external treatments, 6 instruments, and 4 formulas (medical books)". According to the Ming Jian of the Lineage of The King, in 641 AD, Emperor Taizong of Tang married Songzan Gampo to Princess Wencheng, a daughter of the Emperor, to Songzan Gampo at the request of the Tubo Songzan Gampo for marriage. Princess Wencheng mainly brought in Tibet the statue of Shakyamuni Buddha, rare jewelry, Chinese classics, etc., and at the same time brought in a large number of Han doctors and medical books and medical equipment, including the Han medical book "Medical Encyclopedia" known to have been first introduced to Tibetan areas, which injected fresh blood into the development of Tibetan medicine.
In 710 AD, Chide Zuzan succeeded to the throne, and during the reign of Emperor Zhongzong of Tang, Princess Jincheng married Zampu as a concubine, bringing many calendars and medical books from the Han Dynasty. On the basis of the Han Chinese medical books, The Translator of Sino-Tibetan Medicine synthesized the essence of various medicines and cooperated to compile the earliest surviving Tibetan medicine book, "Yuewang Medicine Diagnosis". In 755 AD, Trisong Detsen succeeded to the throne, and since then, the Han doctors represented by Dongsonggangwa, who had finally aged in Tubo, entered Tibet and became an important force in the prevention and treatment of diseases in Tibetan areas during the Tubo period, enriching the treasure house of Tibetan medical theory and cultivating many Tibetan medical talents. During the Tubo period, many ethnic groups such as Han and Tibetan lived together in Dunhuang, and there is a number of Sino-Tibetan medical literature in the existing Dunhuang literature, which objectively shows that Sino-Tibetan medicine is an interactive and mutually beneficial two-way exchange, and the two medical systems have benefited to varying degrees.
According to historical records such as the Zizhi Tongjian, as early as the middle of the 7th century AD, Tubo sent Tibetan teenagers to Han China to study culture, and the classics such as the I Ching contained the theoretical basis and medical content of Chinese medicine. According to records such as the "Biography of Yundan Kampot of Yuto Ningma" and the "History of Tibetan Medicine," some of the Tibetans who studied in the Tang Dynasty specialized in studying medicine, such as Yuto Nyingma Yundan Kampo, who later became the "Holy Doctor of Tibetan Medicine," who led his disciples and his party to wutai Mountain in Han China to study at great pains, and in his later years he disregarded his old age and reached "Kangding in Handi" to "practice healing for the people." On the basis of extensively summarizing the experience of Tibetan medicine, he absorbed the essence of medicine of various ethnic groups and compiled it into "Suo Ri Ju Shi", that is, the famous "Four Medical Codes", marking the final systematization and maturity of Tibetan medicine as an independent medical theoretical system.
As an important part of Traditional Chinese Medicine, as well as one of the four major traditional medicine systems in the world, Tibetan medicine has been developed, matured, prospered and other stages, drawing the essence from mutual exchanges, forming a relatively complete theoretical system and diagnosis and treatment methods with its own characteristics, and because of its close historical relationship, it has similarities and similarities with Chinese medicine in terms of theory and practice, such as traditional Chinese medicine and Tibetan medicine have a corresponding holistic view of heaven and man, and all promote the health concept of "treating diseases before they occur".
The "Encounter" of Sino-Tibetan Medicine Across Time and Space
The sino-Tibetan medical exchanges of the Tang Dynasty flowed endlessly like the Yellow River of the Yangtze River, which flowed through The Han and Tibet. Since then, after more than a thousand years, Tibetan medicine has continuously enriched the connotation and extension of the Chinese cultural community in the exchange and integration with traditional Chinese medicine and Mongolian medicine.
After the Tang Dynasty, Tubo was torn apart for hundreds of years due to the great uprising of the slaves of the people, and the Sino-Tibetan medical exchanges resumed during the Song Dynasty, according to The Han historical records, tubo six grains were plagued, and the emperor of the Song Dynasty once "gave seventy-six kinds of pills such as white dragon, rhino horn, sulfur, benzoin, and white purple quartz."
In 1247, the Liangzhou Alliance officially incorporated Tibet into the territory of the motherland and became an inseparable part of the motherland. In the Yuan Dynasty, Tibetan medicine was widely spread in Mongolia, such as the Mongolian version of the "Four Medical Codes" formed in the 17th century, and the "Yuewang Medicine Clinic" which was widely circulated in the form of Tibetan manuscripts and woodcuts. Buddhist monasteries in Mongolia also mainly teach the Five Wisdoms, of which Mambazakura mainly teaches the Four Medical Codes.
The Ming Dynasty's Han-Tibetan envoys came and went frequently, and historical books such as the "Xifan Translation" recorded that Tibetan envoys constantly wrote to the central government of the Ming Dynasty, asking for the gift of various precious medicinal materials. In the Qing Dynasty, the development of Mongolian medicine ushered in a period of great prosperity, and the Chinese medical classics "Compendium of Materia Medica" and "Cow and Horse Classics" were translated into Mongolian. The famous Tibetan medicine book "Atlas of Bloodletting Sites of Materia Medica and Surgical Instruments" was translated from Han medical books, and innovated in combination with the characteristics of Tibetan medicine, and the names of drugs were noted in Chinese, Tibetan and Mongolian. In 1705 AD, the German Tibetan medicine scholar Delma Danzhen Pengcuo traveled through Tibet, Qinghai, Gansu, Yunnan, Shanxi WutaiShan and India, and after decades of investigation, referred to a large number of Sino-Tibetan medical literature, and compiled the "Crystal Pearl Materia Medica".
History is like a mirror, shining into reality.
For thousands of years, the history of exchanges and mutual learning between the medical cultures of various ethnic groups has a long history and has never stopped, just like a bright ribbon, connecting the brilliant pearls in the treasure house of Chinese medicine, including Tibetan medicine. On the road of inheritance and development, Tibetan medicine, together with the medicine of the Han people and other ethnic minorities, has continued to advance and shine more brilliantly in the new era.
At the Tibetan Hospital of Metuo County, Nyingchi City, Tibet Autonomous Region, a special lecture on the exchange of theory and practice of Tibetan medicine is being held, which is a vivid practice of Guangdong Province's aided Tibetan doctors participating in promoting "Traditional Chinese Medicine into the Snowy Land, Tibetan Medicine into Southern Guangdong", aiming to promote the exchange and integration of Chinese and Tibetan medicine, so that the treatment methods can be developed in inheritance and innovation; the Evidence-based Medicine Center of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine is currently making every effort to help Changdu Tibetan Hospital to build a Tibetan medicine evidence-based medicine center, share relevant databases, provide software, hardware and human intellectual support, Jointly promote the development of Tibetan medicine... One "encounter" after another across time and space has allowed Tibetan medicine to continue to write a new chapter in its development in the new era. Chinese people's death-defying battle with the new crown pneumonia epidemic has created a great anti-epidemic spirit and a monument to the spirit of the new era, and the outstanding performance of Tibetan medicine in actively participating in the prevention and control of the epidemic is a vivid portrayal of the solidarity of all ethnic groups in forming a community with a shared future for the Chinese nation.
From the historical evolution of Tibetan medicine over thousands of years, we can glimpse that the long-term exchanges and exchanges between various ethnic groups in China, coexistence, tolerance and harmony, have further promoted the cultural development and prosperity of the Chinese nation, and formed the cultural space and heart-to-heart bond in which the spiritual life of all Chinese sons and daughters depends. Despite the passage of time over the millennia, culture is still like a bright beacon in the long river of history. It is the unique spiritual identity of the Chinese nation, witnessing the continuous and enduring Chinese civilization for more than 5,000 years, carrying the spiritual pursuit of the sons and daughters of China, watching over the interplay of various ethnic cultures, lasting and renewing, and is the blood and foundation of the nation.
In this war "epidemic" across the Himalayas, we see that the lighthouse is more solidly rooted and more shining. (Wu Jianying, Yi Wenwen, Li Yuanmei)
![Simalaya Center[fig]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=)