It is said that the poor are not more than three generations, and the rich are not more than three generations.
Not only in our country, but also in the case of "poor grandchildren" of rich families in foreign countries.
The first generation created, the second generation inherited, and the third generation destroyed.
This is the fate of three generations of many rich families.
Of course, there are exceptions, such as Joe's family.
Sparrow and Jinshang
As the old saying goes, "Wherever there are sparrows, there are Shanxi merchants." ”
During the Guangxu period, the government's annual fiscal revenue was less than 40 million taels, while the total assets of more than 40 merchants in Shanxi were more than 30 million taels, that is to say, the wealth of Jin merchants was equivalent to the state's annual income.
This figure does not include real estate such as land and shops of Jinshang.
At that time, a county's annual income was only a few hundred taels, but the big treasurer in Shanxi could earn 1,000 taels of silver every year. It is conceivable how strong jinshang's financial resources are.
This was true before, and it is true now.
Baidu Robin Li, Sunac Sun Hongbin, HNA Chen Feng, Foxconn Gou Taiming (hometown Shanxi)... These people who call the wind and rain in the business world are all from Shanxi.
However, no matter when, as long as Jinshang is mentioned, the first thing people think of is Qiao Zhiyong.
Qiao Zhiyong's Qiao family, even at its peak, was not the richest man in Shanxi, so why did everyone recognize him as the representative of Jinshang?
A key reason: Qiao Zhiyong represents the spirit of Jinshang.
Qiao Zhiyong's parents left early, and he was brought up by his brother.
After the elder brother inherited the family business, he single-mindedly let the younger brother study and seek fame.
Who knew that Qiao Zhiyong had just passed the examination for Xiucai, and his brother collapsed due to illness.
There was no way, he had to abandon Wen to engage in business and began to take over the business of the Qiao family.
Unlike other businessmen, Qiao Zhiyong liked to read, and he combined what he learned with the way of doing business, using Confucianism to run a business.
Qiao Zhiyong has the skill to know people and use people with the tao.
Ma Gongfu was originally just a young man in Qiao's shop and could not read, and Qiao Zhiyong found that he was a talent.
After the big boss told him of old age, Qiao Zhiyong directly promoted Ma Gongfu to the big boss, provided him with capital, and let him operate independently.
Later, Ma Gongfu did not earn less silver for the Qiao family.
Yan Weifan was originally the manager of Wei Changhou Ticket Branch, he had a good relationship with a young military attaché named Enshou, Enshou needed a large amount of silver when he was promoted, Yan Weifan took matters into his own hands and paid 100,000 taels of silver for Enshou.
For this reason, Yan Weifan was denounced by the general number and ostracized by others.
Later, Enshou became a general in Hankou, and within a few years, he returned the silver two he had borrowed that year, and also opened up business for yan Weifan's ticket number.
However, after this incident, Yan Weifan did not want to stay in Wei Changhou and decided to return to his hometown to seek another high position.
Qiao Zhiyong knew that Yan Weifan was a business wizard, and quickly sent his son to prepare eight caravans and take two groups of people and horses to greet yan Weifan at the intersection that Yan Weifan must pass through when he returned to his hometown.
Everyone waited at the intersection for several days, and finally received Yan Weifan.
Qiao Zhiyong's son asked Yan Weifan to sit in an eight-wheeled sedan and ride his own horse to escort him, Yan Weifan repeatedly pushed and shoved, but Qiao Gongzi said that this was a special explanation from his father.
Yan Weifan was deeply touched by the courtesy of the Qiao family's father and son, and finally had to let the eight-carrying sedan carry their clothes and hats, which was considered to be a substitute for himself to sit in the sedan car, and Yan and Qiao rode side by side on horseback.
After Yan Weifan arrived at Qiao's house, he was immediately appointed as the manager of the Qiao family's Dade Heng ticket number.
After that, Yan Weifan presided over the Dade Heng ticket number for 26 years, even in the period of war and strife, he still kept the ticket number prosperous, and made great contributions to the Qiao family.
Qiao Zhiyong also cultivated a man named Jia Jiying, who was the first president of China's bank.
The biggest difference between a businessman who reads well and a businessman who does not read well is not who makes more money, but who can go higher and farther.
Compared with other ordinary businessmen, Qiao Zhiyong's thinking is obviously deeper, the pattern is larger, and the consideration of problems is longer-term.
It is easy to fight the country, but it is difficult to defend the country.
In the early years, Qiao Zhiyong's grandfather Qiao Guifa once partnered with a businessman surnamed Qin to do business.
In terms of talent, Old Master Qin is even better than Old Master Qiao, but when the children of the Qiao family are diligent and thrifty, the children of the Qin family eat, drink, gamble, and sit on the mountain.
In Qiao Zhiyong's generation, the Business of the Qiao Family was booming, and the descendants of the Qin Family had become a problem even eating and drinking.
Qiao Zhiyong is a businessman, and he has seen many such scenes.
How can we break the spell of "three generations of richness"? How can we make the Qiao family continue for a long time?
Qiao Zhiyong pondered hard and finally came to a conclusion: only the path of "making children and grandchildren into instruments" is feasible.
Only when the descendants become instruments can this family be maintained, not like the Qin family.
If you want your children to become an instrument, you must pay attention to education, and family education is the most important part of children's education.
After thinking about this, Qiao Zhiyong did one thing: improve the house rules.
Faith and Righteousness
The Qiao family originally had family rules, which were formulated by Qiao Zhiyong's grandfather, Qiao Guifa, the first generation of entrepreneurs in the Qiao family.
Qiao Guifa was illiterate and too poor to marry his daughter-in-law.
Once, a nephew of the ben family in the village married a relative, Qiao Guifa was kind enough to help, who knew that people thought he was shabby, and humiliated him in public.
People live a face, trees live a skin, Qiao Gui was so angry that he simply left his hometown in a huff and went out to make a living.
Qiao Guifa first worked as a partner in a pawnshop in Baotou, and after he had savings, he and a Shanxi fellow surnamed Qin opened a hay shop to receive traders and sell tofu, bean sprouts and other miscellaneous goods.
They opened early, coupled with the way of operation, the business soon boomed.
Later, there were more and more peers, and Qiao Guifa saw that this would not last long, so he simply started a grain business.
Qiao Guifa has been operating in Baotou for many years, the business is booming, and also took a business name called "Fusheng Gong", people often say "first there is Fusheng Gong, then there is Baotou City", which means that the prosperity of Fusheng Gong has driven the development of Baotou.
People are homesick for their hometown, Qiao Guifa returned to his hometown when he was nearly fifty years old, and built a mansion in QiaoJiabao, which is the prototype of the Qiao family compound.
Qiao Guifa, who was born into a poor family and had been discriminated against, often told his children and grandchildren before his death: "Don't bully the poor for the rich."
At the same time, he also left admonitions, asking his children and grandchildren to talk about "faith and righteousness" in business, which means that in doing business, we must first pay attention to "faith", followed by "righteousness", and finally "profit".
This is something that the descendants of the Qiao family have kept in mind.
One year, Qiao Zhiyong found a guy in the shop adulterated in sesame oil, and he was furious and reprimanded the guy, "Are you trying to smash our signboard and smash everyone's rice bowl!" ”
Then, Qiao Zhiyong hurriedly asked people to take back the adulterated sesame oil that had been sold and refund it in full.
It is better not to make money than to pit people.
The admonitions left by Qiao Guifa are both the way of doing business and the way of being human.
Six is not allowed
Qiao Guifa has three sons, of which the old three Qiao Quanmei is the most capable one, after Qiao Guifa's death, most of the Qiao family's business is managed by Qiao Quanmei.
Qiao Quanmei once formulated the "five no's" family rules: no smoking opium, no concubines, no gambling, no metallurgical tours (no men and women are allowed to travel together), and no alcoholism.
The reason why these "five no's" were set is to prevent future generations from becoming infected with vices and corrupting the family business.
At that time, many rich families in Shanxi had drama stages in their homes, but the Qiao family did not, and the elders said that they were afraid that the children would lose their minds and not think of making progress after watching the playthings.
In Qiao Zhiyong's generation, he added another article on the basis of his father Qiao's "five no's" in the United States: no abuse of servants.
The Qiao family has always been lenient to the servants, not only not scolding and abusing, but also letting them eat, clothe, warm, and pay enough money.
During the New Year's Festival, the Qiao family would send people to send rice, noodles, meat, firewood, and coal to the servants' homes.
As for the older servants, there was still alimony to be paid.
The Joe family hired maids, not looking for the kind of young and beautiful, only hard-working and capable middle-aged women.
After the young guy came to Qiao's house, he could study with the young masters in his spare time, and many of the guys learned a lot of things after working in Qiao's house for a few years, performed well, and had the opportunity to be sent outside to do things.
This "six no's" is the way to teach the children and grandchildren of the Qiao family.
Since the generation of Qiao Guifa, the Qiao family has paid special attention to the education of their children and grandchildren.
After Qiao Guifa's hair, one of his sons, Qiao Quanyi, was once admitted to Xiucai, and the other descendants were also sent to private schools to study.
Qiao Zhiyong needless to say, Xiu was born, and he did not release the scroll until he was old.
The Qiao family gave the gentlemen a very generous treatment, and each gentleman had at least two book children waiting by his side, eating and wearing the same degree as the master. The snacks and snacks on the desk are not repeated every day.
In addition to giving the gentlemen a high annual salary, the Qiao family will set up a banquet to entertain them every New Year's Festival.
When the husband usually wants to go home, the Qiao family sends a special car to pick up, and the owners personally send it outside the door, and after the husband's car leaves, the owners return to the house.
The reason for this is that the first is to teach by example, so that children know the truth of respecting the teacher from an early age, and on the other hand, it is also to let the gentlemen cultivate the children wholeheartedly.
People always say that respecting teachers and re-teaching, what is a major manifestation of "re-teaching"? Isn't it the Venerable Master?
Among the major families of Jin merchants at that time, the tutors of the Qiao family were the most stringent.
In qiao zhiyong's later years, his wife and son passed away one after another, and while he was sad, he still did not forget to strictly urge his children and grandchildren to study, which shows the importance Qiao Zhiyong attaches to the education of his children and grandchildren.
Diligence and generosity
There is another rule in the Qiao family rules that Qiao Zhiyong attaches great importance to, that is, "thrifty and thrifty family".
He personally wrote a couplet that was engraved on the door of the inner house:
"We must seek fame and profit, but others, but we must seek ourselves; we must cherish the peasants and food, not the wealth, but the fortunes."
On weekdays, if the children waste food, they have to kneel on the ground and recite the "Zhuzi Zhijia Maxim", and after memorizing and admitting their mistakes, they can get up.
The descendants of the Qiao family once recalled that they were taught not to waste it since they were young, and they could not lose a grain of rice when eating.
The adult told her that if the girl threw away the grains of rice and left the rice leftovers, she would marry her husband who had numbness on his face in the future.
Although Qiao Zhiyong asked his family to be diligent and thrifty, he was not stingy with his neighbors.
Outside the door of Qiao's house, there are often three cows tied up, and whoever wants to use it will take it away and send it back after using it.
Three years of Guangxu, Shanxi drought, countless disaster victims exiled to other places, starved to death of countless people, the old saying "guangxu three years, half of the people die", this is the matter.
At a critical juncture, Qiao Zhiyong organized domestic servants to go to the streets to give porridge, reduce household expenses, and spend all the money saved in disaster relief and famine relief.
Under his leadership, other wealthy families have also come to the rescue of disaster victims.
In the twenty-sixth year of Guangxu, the country was plagued by many disasters and difficulties, and qi county, where the Qiao family was located, suffered another famine, and Qiao Zhiyong opened a warehouse to save grain, not only distributing grain to the people of Qiaojiabao, but also giving porridge to the hungry people from outside.
If the villagers do not have money to treat diseases or have a difficult family, as long as they find the Qi family's door, they can get help.
In the subsequent historical events, although the Qiao family was declining day by day, it was not fatally affected, and the reason may be precisely because of this.
The Qiao family not only extended kindness to the villagers, but also did not hesitate to be kind to other weak people.
After the Japanese occupied Qi County, they burned and looted, but did not move the Qiao family compound, only because the Italian priest of the local Catholic Church hung an Italian flag at the door of the Qiao family compound.
Why did the priest help?
It is said that during the Boxer Rebellion, Qiao Zhiyong protected 7 Italian nuns who had fled from Taiyuan and quietly escorted them to safety by car.
Therefore, the Italian priest was grateful for the kindness of the Joe family, and the Qiao family compound was saved from disaster.
Thirty-three years after Guangxu, Qiao Zhiyong ended his magnificent life at the age of 89. On the day of the funeral, people from all over the world came to see him off.
It is said that Qiao Zhiyong was more frank and bold in his later years, and he could still drink wine in large bowls and eat meat in large mouths, which was admirable
Ended with dignity
Qiao Zhiyong has a total of 6 sons and 11 grandchildren.
He put a lot of thought into choosing a successor.
The eldest and second sons have arrogant personalities and cannot be entrusted with heavy responsibilities; the third son is stable and honest and useless; the fourth son is stupid and not good at coping; the fifth son is a nerd; and the sixth son is weak.
Counting and counting, none of these sons are ideal heirs.
Only the eldest grandson, Qiao Yingxia, is clever, faithful, and capable, and quite similar to Qiao Zhiyong.
Facts have proved that Qiao Yingxia is a person who is shrewd and capable, dares to act boldly, and has a radical ideology, and is indeed a good heir.
However, the situation is turbulent, the country is not a country, even if Qiao Yingxia is no matter how outstanding, how can the Qiao family be saved?
Wood shows in the forest, and the wind will destroy it.
After the outbreak of the Xinhai Revolution, the Qiao family business was the first to be robbed.
The money owed by others to the Qiao family cannot be recovered, but the Qiao family owes to others must be paid off in full.
In order to maintain credibility, the ticket number of the Qiao family was almost completely closed.
During the Xinhai Revolution, the Qing government forcibly borrowed 7 million taels of silver from the ticket number, and later the Qing government collapsed, and the money naturally could not be recovered.
During the warlord melee, the Qiao family became the target of blackmail again.
During the Republic of China, the Qiao family had a chance to turn over, at that time, Shanxi issued a kind of banknote, called Jin banknote, and then the Central Plains War, Yan Xishan was defeated, and the Jin banknote depreciated rapidly.
If at this time, the Qiao family ticket number redeems the deposit at the market price, not only does not violate the business rules, but also makes a lot of money from it.
However, Qiao Yingxia was reluctant to do such a business, he said:
"Even if the ticket number goes out of business, our own people will not be reduced to the point of having no food and clothing, but if we make this money, those depositors will be forced to the end of the road."
In the end, the Joe family made one of the biggest loss-making transactions.
After this change, the Business of the Qiao family was even worse, not only depleted of The Old Bottom, but also caused a deficit of 300,000 taels of silver.
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, almost all of Qiao's shops were occupied by the Japanese puppet army, and they lost everything, and they no longer had the style of the rich side of the year.
After Qiao Yingxia, it was Qiao Tiehan who was in charge of the Qiao family.
Joe Tiehan
Qiao Tiehan graduated from the Department of Economics of Nankai University and is excellent in all aspects.
The Qiao family business can finally end decently, and Qiao Tiehan has made great contributions.
After the founding of New China, the descendants of the Qiao family transferred the shops in Baotou to the employees at a low price, sold most of the real estate to the state at a fair price, and also donated some of the real estate to the old treasurers.
It is precisely because of such outstanding descendants that the story of the Qiao family has been able to end smoothly and not be so embarrassing.
Today, the Qiao family has been passed down to the ninth generation.
Most of the descendants of the Qiao family are public officials, and although they are all working-class people and live a dull life, they still attach great importance to education.
In the family, doctoral students, graduate students, and college students emerge in an endless stream, although the Business of the Qiao family has ended, but the family training and family spirit of the Qiao family have been passed down from generation to generation.
In fact, in addition to the Qiao family, in our country, there are many families that can continue to produce talents from generation to generation.
For example, the Zeng family, such as the Qian family.
Careful analysis shows that the reason why these families have been able to continue to this day and have produced talents from generation to generation has to be said to be the credit for attaching importance to education.
This is true of a family, and the country should be like this, and only by passing on the fine style of the ancestors and attaching importance to the education of their children and grandchildren can they remain enduring.
When the family's wealth is exhausted, hard work cannot be abandoned.
The high-walled compound is still there, and the instructions of the ancestors should be remembered.
By the way,
The person who invested in the filming of "Qiao Family Compound" is Qiao Yanhe, the seventh generation descendant of the Qiao family.
At that time, this TV series was popular all over the country, but it was more flavorful to read than to watch TV.
The TV drama version of "Qiao Family Compound" only tells the life deeds of Qiao Zhiyong, in fact, his grandchildren's stories are more exciting and more content, all in the long novel series "Qiao Family Compound".
Buy now and enjoy a 100 off 50 off!
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bibliography:
Cai Wei. Qiao Zhiyong and his descendants[J]. Northerners, 2006(6):3.
Jiang Guangyu. Qiao Zhiyong's family training[J]. Operations & Management, 2016(4):1.