The Qing Dynasty sent prisoners to Ninggu pagoda to give the armored people slaves, where is Ninguta? What is the Cloaked Man

Friends who often see palace dramas may often hear the Qing Emperor punish the minister who committed the crime in the TV series: send this person to Ninguta to be enslaved to the armored people.

Today, Xiaobian will introduce to you the specific situation of this punishment in the Qing Dynasty.

In fact, the so-called distribution to Ninggu Pagoda is not unique to the Qing Dynasty.

In ancient mainland China, there was a kind of punishment called exile: the so-called exile refers to the exile of prisoners in a foreign land. Of course, now that we look at this punishment, we may feel that this is not a punishment, and it is not normal to work in a foreign country?

But we would say that in ancient times, the pain of exile was second only to executions — because exile, mainly exiled prisoners in desolate places, allowing prisoners to fend for themselves in desolate places (in fact, medieval Europe also had the punishment of exiled prisoners, such as exile to the Arctic, but most criminals would rather be executed directly than go to the Arctic to give polar bears lunch) - for example, in the Tang Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty exiled prisoners, most of them exiled prisoners to Guizhou and remote areas of Sichuan - the so-called Bashan Shushui desolate land.

Exiled to the Song Dynasty, with the development of commercial society, once in a state of extinction in name only, while in the Qing Dynasty, exile was a revival.

The reason for this is that the territory of the Qing Dynasty is different from that of the previous dynasties.

At the beginning, the Qing Dynasty only owned Liaodi, and recruited the Jurchen tribes in today's Jilin and Heilongjiang to submit to themselves, and after the Qing Dynasty entered the Guan, the Jurchen tribes in these areas also entered the Guannei.

The population of the three provinces of Guanwai (today's Liaojihei) fell into a state of scarcity with the entry of the Qing Dynasty, but the Qing Dynasty was unwilling to let other forces (as will be mentioned later) occupy this Manchu homeland, so the Qing Dynasty came up with an idea.

That is to leave the armored people outside the gate.

The so-called Phi Jia people refer to the Jurchen tribes that were forced to surrender to the Qing Dynasty when the Jurchens (that is, the later Qing Dynasty) unified the Jurchen tribes in Jianzhou (that is, the later Qing Dynasty), and these people were called Phi Jia people by the Qing government.

The reason why the Phi Armor people were left outside the Guanwai was because the Phi Men were too poor and the climate was cold, and although the Phi Jia people were not close to themselves (the descendants of the surrenderers), they were not far away (after all, they were all Jurchens), so they left the Phi Jia people outside the Guan.

However, the Jurchen noble lords and the Jurchen clans close to the Jurchens of Jianzhou all entered the Central Plains to enjoy their blessings and left the Phi Jia people outside the Guanwai to suffer, could the Phi Jia people be happy? Will there be a rebellion?

Therefore, in order to balance the psychology of the armored people, let the armored people also be uncles outside the Guanwai and also be human beings, so the Qing Dynasty exiled the prisoners to Ninggu pagoda and gave the armored people slaves, which solved this problem.

So the next question: Where is Ninguta?

Ninggu Pagoda, roughly in the territory of Ning'an (a county-level city) in the lower mudanjiang river of today's Heilongjiang Province. In contemporary times, Mudanjiang is a medium-sized city in the northeast, but in the Qing Dynasty, it can be described as desolate.

At first, the Qing government did not attach much importance to the Ning'an area, until the reign of the Kangxi Emperor, Tsarist Russia was eyeing the northeast region. In order to prevent Tsarist Russia from going south, the Kangxi Emperor established the post of General Ninguta in Ning'an, and put General Ninguta in charge of the defense of Tsarist Russia.

The military power responsible for defending Tsarist Russia, to a large extent, relied on the armored men of Ninguta. Geographically, the Ningguta area had a certain buffer from the Qing-Russian border (Waixing'anling) at that time, but it was not too far away, so the Qing government chose to set up a general in the Ninguta area.