On October 4, 2010, Karolinska Institutet in Sweden announced that this year's Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine would be awarded to British physiologist Robert Jeffrey Edwards for his achievements in pioneering the technology of in vitro in vitro insemination. The octogenarian, known as the "father of IVF," began studying IVF in 1958 and created the world's first "IVF" in 1978.
The scientific name of IVF is called IVF - embryo transfer, as the name suggests, the sperm and egg are combined outside the body to form a fertilized egg, which is bred into an embryo and then implanted into the mother's body. Just like the cultivation of vegetables and fruits that we often watch, first plant the seeds in the laboratory to wait for germination, and then transplant the seedlings into the soil when the time is ripe.
So what kind of couple needs and can complete IVF?
Couples with normal sex who do not have contraception but are still not pregnant for a year need to be checked, which may be a problem for women or a problem for men. This requires relevant tests, to determine the cause, and then to choose the appropriate treatment plan according to the cause. Some couples can get pregnant normally through outpatient ovulation induction, artificial fertilization, laparoscopic surgery and other treatments, and IVF technology is mainly aimed at women who cannot meet sperm and eggs normally due to various factors, such as pelvic adhesions, tubal obstruction, intrauterine deuterosis, unexplained infertility, ovulation disorders and men's oligospermia, obstructive azoospermia and couples who need to undergo embryo genetics testing.
In cases where IVF is not suitable, either of the donor eggs and sperm has a reproductive, urinary acute infection or sexually transmitted disease. Or have bad habits such as alcoholism and drug abuse. Or either party is exposed to the dose of radiation, poison, or medicine and is in the period of action. In addition, the woman suffers from serious genetic diseases, serious physical diseases, and mental and psychological disorders that are not suitable for childbearing. Neither is suitable for IVF to fulfill a couple's desire to become a parent.
What do eligible couples have to accomplish in the IVF process?
The first is a routine physical examination, the man needs to test semen, fasting blood, some infectious virus tests. The woman also has to complete some basic tests, such as gynecological examination, diagnosis and scraping, fallopian tube permeability test, anti-sperm antibodies, liver function and hepatitis B two-and-a-half, blood routine analysis and clotting time, and basic endocrine hormone measurement on the third day of the woman's menstruation, such as sex six.
Under the premise that all the indicators are qualified, the next step is a long preparation process.
The first is to detect eggs and stimulate ovulation, which is generally only one follicle matures in normal women per natural cycle, but it is not enough for IVF. In order to obtain multiple eggs, multiple eggs are often obtained by promoting ovulation, helping to grow embryos.
This is followed by the prediction of ovulation, in which the mature follicles are punctured through the vagina with needles under laparoscopic or ultrasound surveillance before the eggs are released, and the contents of the follicles are extracted to find the oocytes. The found oocytes are then continued to be bred until the oocytes mature to the same maturity as ovulating in vivo, at which point IVF can be performed.
The semen obtained from the man is combined with the egg, cultivated into an embryo, and then the embryo is transferred into the woman's body, at which time 3 to 4 embryos are usually implanted to ensure the success rate, but there is still a risk of failure. After the embryo is injected into the body, the woman will be asked to stay in bed for 24 hours, then for three or four days to minimize activity, two weeks later to test to check whether it is conceived, if it has been conceived, then you can be happy to welcome the baby, if not successful, you have to decide whether to continue IVF according to the doctor's advice.
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