In 221 BC, King Yingzheng of Qin unified the Six Kingdoms, ending a nearly century-long era of division in the land of China, so he was also known as the First Emperor. During the reign of Qin Shi Huang, many systems were established, such as the same track of the car, the same text of the book, etc., which were used until the Qing Dynasty.
A system of the Tang Dynasty directly changed the selection and official positions of officials in later dynasties, that is, the grade system of officials. The rank of officials is divided into one to nine products, of which one official has the largest official position and the nine-pin official is the smallest.
But you know what? Yipin officials in the Qing Dynasty in the Qing Dynasty power is terrible, so qing Dynasty Yipin officials are generally what official positions? In the hundred years of the Qing Dynasty, how many Yipin officials have come out? Let's take a look today.
The emergence of a system of official grades
The Tang Dynasty was a desirable country, when it was the most powerful country in the world, and it was the strongest in both economy and strength. At that time, it could be said that all the countries came to the dynasty, and the scene was not spectacular.
The reason why it was able to achieve such a status was inseparable from the Tang Dynasty's system of official selection and promotion of official positions. At that time, the selection of officials not only required the emperor to interview himself, but also had a strict hierarchy.
During the reign of Emperor Taizong of Tang, Li Shimin himself was very diligent in handling state affairs, and he reused Wei Zheng, Fang Xuanling, Du Ruyi, and others. The hierarchy of officials is strictly divided, and the work for which officials are responsible is classified according to the situation of grades.
The advantage of this system is that big things and small things can be conveyed from top to bottom, in fact, the system of officials before the Tang Dynasty was undoubtedly chaotic. Many times you don't listen to me, I don't listen to you, everyone is an official, why do I listen to your dispatches.
This made many of the emperor's orders and policies unable to be issued well, until the appearance of the official rank completely determined the superior and subordinate positions between the officials and the officials. Superior officials treat subordinate officials' orders as if department managers were now doing the work they give to their employees.
In this way, many of Tang Taizong's government decrees and measures can be well conveyed. However, the bureaucratic hierarchy still has certain drawbacks, that is, the party struggle has gradually become more serious after this. There are times when two parties compete with each other in the court.
Like Guozuo's only 18 years in the Southern Ming Dynasty, because of the party struggle, the country was destroyed. However, there are many advantages of the grade system.
What kind of official positions were the Qing Dynasty Yipin officials
In fact, the grade system of officials is still divided into civilian officials and military attaches, and the scope of jurisdiction of civilian officials and military attaches is also very different. The division of labor between scholars ruling the country and military generals guarding the country is different, and only by seeking their own government in their positions can they make the country truly long-term peace and stability.
The civil officials of the Qing Dynasty had the following official positions: "Taishi, Taifu, Taibao, Diange University Scholar, Guanglu Doctor, and envoys to other countries." "These official positions in the Qing Dynasty were the status of the legendary one person below one person and above ten thousand people.
The first is the Taishi, whose whole process is the Prince's teacher, mainly managing the Prince's daily study and the scribe's policy. Many people may feel that this official position is a clean official, and there is no great power.
But in fact, this is not the case, first of all, the position of Taishi generally corresponds to the prime minister. To put it simply, the prince could discuss matters with the prime minister in the cabinet, because the prince's teacher would inevitably be respected by the prince when he ascended the throne in the future.
At that time, the status will not be the same. And Taishi was the first of the three princes and nine secretaries in ancient times, and its rights and status needless to say.
The second is Taifu, whose status is similar to that of Taishi, and who is also the prince's teacher. However, Taifu is not called a master of strategy, but teaches some governing policies and so on, so Taifu is also one of the three dukes and nine secretaries.
The subsequent Taibao, Diange University Scholars, etc. were all official positions with great power in the Qing Dynasty, and the Diange University Scholars were mainly for the existence of advising the king. During the Qianlong period, Ji Xiaolan served as a scholar of the Imperial Pavilion And belonged to the emperor's right and left arm.
When it comes to military attaches, the division of a pin official is different. Because most of the military attaches are generals, military talent is not comparable to that of the weak scholars in the main hall, so their official positions are more coarse.
For example, the commander of the forbidden army of the internal servant is the official position of Zheng Yipin, mainly to protect the safety of the various palaces in the palace. The Forbidden Army was also the only official position in ancient times who could patrol the palace with a sword, and the power was not generally large.
In addition, it is the general of Zhenguo, which is generally held by the relatives of the emperor and the state, which is the largest official title of the military general, and its power is directly extended to the kings of the various regions. In some dynasties, the general of Zhenguo even surpassed Yipin and was known as the official position of SuperPin.
Below the Zhenguo general are the generals who have conquered the east and the west. This is also the higher official rank among military generals, and in the late Qing Dynasty, few military generals were able to obtain the title of general.
The above is the official position represented by the Qing Dynasty Zhengyipin official, but even if they are all Zhengyipin, there is also a division of official position size. For example, the Taishi has a higher status than the Taibao, but the rights are also similar. So how many Yipin officials were there during the Qing Dynasty?
How many Yipin officials were there in the Qing Dynasty
In fact, the official system of the Qing Dynasty was very simple, that is, the examination and promotion, and nothing more. However, the Qing Dynasty was really easy to become an official, and it was difficult to be promoted. Especially the Han people, it is very difficult to even become an official, let alone promote an official.
And how many Yipin officials did the Qing Dynasty have? In fact, the number of hands is less than two hands, that is, less than 10 people, about 7-8 people. Among them, there are also idle posts, that is, official positions that do not have to work, and the state maintains.
Among these 7-8 people, 4 are university scholars alone, and two are generals. Then there were a series of three dukes and nine secretaries such as Taishi, Taifu, and Taibao, and many people could not get the official position of ZhengYipin and could only do an official position from Yipin.
Therefore, it was easy for the Qing Dynasty to become an official, and the Imperial Examination System of the Qing Dynasty was actually much looser than that of the Ming Dynasty. During the Qing Dynasty, although it was also limited to the Eight Strands of Literature, the content of the writing was relaxed, and many talented readers were able to become officials in the Qing Dynasty.
However, after becoming an official, it was different, and the promotion system of Qing officials was in the hands of the powerful ministers. Once you stand in the wrong line, you can only obediently wait to be demoted. And this is also the drawback of the official grade system.
This also formed a lot of party strife, the two parties in the imperial court did not deal with each other, and there was serious infighting between civilian officials and military attaches. These are all drawbacks and shortcomings of the official grade system.
epilogue
During the thousands of years of feudal dynastic rule in China, the emperor came up with various systems to strengthen the centralization of power. Some of these systems are beneficial to the people and officials, while some can only become tools of party struggle in the end.
It can be said that the rise and fall of feudal dynasties is often in the hands of ordinary people, which is undoubtedly very tragic for the people. It is the so-called prosperity of the people suffering, the death of the people suffering. The demise of feudal rule is the inevitable result of social progress and the emancipation of the people's minds.