Li Pei (1917.12.20-2017.1.12)
Li Pei was filmed by Lu Jiaxing, a reporter from Science Times, at the commemoration of the centenary of Guo Yonghuai's birth.
The 5th anniversary of Li Pei's death: a legendary life
Written by | Wang Danhong
Organize | Deng Zhiying
Born in 1917 in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, Li Pei moved to Beijing with her parents as a child, in a garden house in a garden house in the Wuliang Adult Hutong east of the Forbidden City in Beijing. Li Pei is the eldest daughter in the family, and she also has three younger sisters and a younger brother. This is a family of books, the father Li Baoling was born in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, graduated from Shanghai Nanyang Public School (the predecessor of Shanghai Jiao Tong University) railway college in 1910, in 1911 as the last batch of official students in the Qing Dynasty, went to the University of Birmingham in the United Kingdom to study, the dream of life is to save the country through science and industry to save the country.
► Li Pei's whole family, from left to right: Li Pei, mother Wang Huizhi, Li Peishan, Li Peihuan, younger brother Li Peizhang, father Li Baoling, Li Peizhu.
►The wuliang adult hutong where Li Pei's family is located, and the location map of Peiyuan Primary School, Beiman Girls' High School, and Peking University
Li Pei began to learn English from the third grade of primary school, attended the private Beiman Girls' High School in Beiping near his home, was admitted to the Department of Economics of Peking University in 1936, and transferred to Southwest Union University in 1938.
► Li Pei in his youth
► Li Pei in college in 1937 (left)
► Li Pei at southwest United University
► In the 1940s, Li Pei (second from right) with his sister and younger brother
► Li Pei in the 1940s
After graduating in 1941, he worked in the branch of the Chinese Labor Association in Chongqing, and in November 1945, he went to Paris, France to participate in the First World Conference on Women and the Inaugural Congress of the International Federation of Democratic Women.
► Li Pei teaching in Chongqing (during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression)
► October 1945 in Paris, France, from left: Chen Jiakang, Li Pei, Deng Fa, Zhu Xuefan
► Photograph of Li Pei (first from left) at the First World Congress of Women in France in November 1945
In 1947, Li Pei went to cornell university in the United States to study, and at an academic lecture meeting, she met Guo Yonghuai, a Chinese-American aviation professor, and began her lifelong love story.
► Li Pei in the United States
► Li Pei at Cornell
► Li Pei and Guo Yonghuai in Cornell
► Li Pei and Guo Yonghuai's home in Cornell
In October 1956, Li Pei and her husband Guo Yonghuai returned to Beijing with their young daughter and settled in the "Special Building" of Zhongguancun, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
► In September 1956, Guo Yonghuai (left) and Li Pei (center) were on a ship returning to China
►Li Pei, Guo Yonghuai and his wife, Qian Xuesen, Jiang Ying and his wife, Wang Dezhao
►In January 1957, Wang Dezhao and Li Huinian were at Li Pei's house during the Spring Festival.
Guo Yonghuai was the only scientist in new China who had made outstanding contributions to the research of nuclear bombs, missiles and satellites among the 23 recipients of the "Two Bombs and One Star Meritorious Medal", and died in the line of duty on December 5, 1968.
► Statue of Li Pei and Guo Yonghuai
► Li Pei's check for remittance to the "Guo Yonghuai Scholarship"
During the "Cultural Revolution", Li Pei was not spared, and after losing her love forever, she was subjected to quarantine review and supervision of labor in Beijing and Hefei.
Since 1974, Li Peiyin's English teaching has been revived and revitalized.
► Li Pei in the study
►Li Pei (left), Lee Jeong-do (right). Source: Wu Shaohua
► Pei Li and Graduate School Foreign Faculty Member Mary
► Li Pei and graduate school teachers and students group photo
► Pei Li and Liu Da, Qian Zhidao in graduate school
► Letter of thanks from student to Li Pei
► 89-year-old Li Pei
►December 20, 2007, Li Pei's 90th birthday
►Mr. Li Pei (left) with Qian Yongzhen (middle) and Zheng Zhemin (right) at Qian Xuesen's house
On October 31, 2009, Qian Xuesen passed away; on November 3, in the bitter cold wind, 91-year-old Li Pei wrapped his head in a large white shawl and Zheng Zhemin went to Qian's house to mourn.
► When Mr. Qian Xuesen passed away, Li Pei went to mourn and shook hands with Qian Yonggang, the son of Qian Xuesen.
►Li Pei visits Lin Jiaqiao and Liang Shouying at Tsinghua University
►On October 17, 2015, Li Pei visited the Two Bombs and One Star Memorial Hall at the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences in Huairou. Li Weige/Photo
►On December 20, 2016, the day of Li Pei's birthday, Mr. Zheng Zhemin visited Mr. Li Pei in the hospital.
►On December 20, 2016, Li Pei's birthday, Mr. Zheng Zhemin hosted a birthday party to celebrate Li Pei
► Greeting cards for HKUST students on their last birthday
At the beginning of the reform and opening up, Li Pei founded the Association of Scientific and Technological Translators of the Chinese Academy of Sciences; in October 1979, she worked with Mary Van De Water, a foreign teacher from the Foreign Language Teaching and Research Department of the Academy of Sciences, to help nearly 100 graduate students of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to study in the United States and open the door to self-funded study in contemporary China; in 1980, she participated in the Sino-US Joint Recruitment Physics Research Project (CUSPEA) founded by Professor Li Zhengdao of Columbia University. In the past 8 years, she has helped 915 outstanding physics students study in the United States; she is the first director of the Foreign Language Teaching and Research Department of the Graduate School of the University of Science and Technology of China, a professor of innovative graduate English, and is known as the "mother of Chinese and Chinese dialects". From 1998 to 2011, she founded the Zhongguancun Forum, which held more than 600 sessions.
► Li Pei
Pei Huaiqin is deeply in love
► Li Peiguo Yonghuai and his wife wedding photos
► Li Pei and Guo Yonghuai in Cornell, USA
Their daughter, Guo Qin, was born on August 26, 1951 in the small town of Qise, New York. On September 20, 1968, he took a special train to Zhiqingdian in the rural area of Inner Mongolia. In 1970, Guo Qin returned to Beijing and entered his father's unit, the Institute of Mechanics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, as the child of a martyr. In 1980, he went to the United States, and in 1994, he fell seriously ill in the United States, and died in Beijing on November 8, 1996, and his ashes were scattered into Kunming Lake.
► In 1953, Guo Yonghuai, Li Pei and daughter Guo Qin
► In 1953, Li Pei and Guo Qin were on a yacht while in the United States
► Guo Yonghuai's family of three lives at home
► In the early 1960s, Guo Yonghuai li pei and daughter Guo Qin were in front of their homes in Beijing
►1969, Guo Qin, a young man from Inner Mongolia (front row, first from right)
► 1975, Li Pei and Guo Qin
Li Pei's commemorative collection of essays
(Click on the title to view the corresponding article)
Wang Danhong's column | Li Pei: 98-year-old Mrs. Guo Yonghuai and her country (I)
Wang Danhong 2015-09-27
Shortly after Li Pei arrived at Cornell University in 1947, when listening to a Chinese scholar give a report on aviation at an academic conference, he found that this slender and knowledgeable scholar was actually Guo Yonghuai, the senior he had heard about when he was studying at Southwest United University, and the two knew each other and admired each other!
► Li Pei's home in Zhongguancun, where she said on the morning of April 12, 2015: "I am 98 years old this year, I lived here in November 1956, almost 60 years!" ”
Wang Danhong's column | Li Pei: 98-year-old Mrs. Guo Yonghuai and her country (II)
Wang Danhong 2015-10-01
Ten years of catastrophe came unexpectedly, and the "special building" in Zhongguancun became the hardest hit area. A large number of scientists who laid the foundation for the scientific cause of the Republic were brutally criticized, tortured, humiliated, and some died unjustly. Guo Yonghuai, who was participating in a missile thermonuclear test in the Great Northwest, was on a business trip to Beijing when he unfortunately crashed a plane; Li Pei was innocently framed as a spy and criticized by the big character newspaper; Guo Qin, the only daughter who had not yet graduated from junior high school, went to Heilongjiang alone to join the team as a young man.
When the tide of the times recedes, the historical truths that appear in the memories that individuals cannot erase cannot be forgotten.
► Li Pei. Lu Jiaxing/Photography
Wang Danhong's column | Li Pei: 98-year-old Mrs. Guo Yonghuai and her country (III)
Wang Danhong 2015-10-18
At that time, China did not have GRE and TOEFL tests, which were required for foreign students to enter any graduate school in the United States. Li Pei was responsible for the writing and evaluation of the English written test of the PREVIOUS CUSPEA project, and participated in the oral interview. Because the students who passed the exam had excellent results, the English proficiency certificate in the original recommendation letter of some universities in the United States would be recognized as long as there was Li Pei's signature.
The poet Ma Hua said: "The song of life has no age"! Li Pei tirelessly imparted knowledge and wisdom on the podium, and after leaving in 1987, he began to be busy with the construction of the Zhongguancun community: organizing the Zhongguancun Elderly Activity Center, caring for the family difficulties of old scientists, "helping friends around them and making their lives better", and regularly organizing report meetings for retired veteran cadres of the Chinese Academy of Sciences...
Ren Zhishu once asked Li Pei: When do you plan to do it? She said: Until it doesn't move.
►Professor Li Pei (right) of the Graduate School of the University of Science and Technology of China is responsible for the writing and evaluation of the English written test of the CUSPEA program, and participates in the oral interview. At that time, in the recommended materials sent to many universities in the United States, as long as the English proficiency certificate had Professor Li Pei's signature, it would be recognized. Pictured is Li Pei at the CUSPEA exam site in 1979. Source: Archives of the University of Science and Technology of China
Wang Danhong's column | for forgotten memories: dedicated to Mr. Li Pei, 98
Wang Danhong 2015-11-01
Back at home in the United States, I decided to write an article for Mr. Lee! I searched in the long memories, searched in many materials, and looked back on her nearly 100 years of legendary life..... However, in the process, I found something unexpected and difficult to understand:
Li Pei can't remember living at home for nearly 10 years when he was at Cornell University in the United States!
► The current status of Li Pei's house at Cornell's house. Courtesy of Wang Danhong.
Li Pei's Song of Youth: Family Affairs, State Affairs, World Affairs| Wang Danhong's column
Wang Danhong 2016-03-08
"I think this is not a comprehensive evaluation, it should have a special meaning. After the meeting, I specifically asked Mr. Li, who recalled attending the inaugural congress of the World Confederation of Trade Unions and the inaugural congress of the First World Congress of Women and the International Federation of Democratic Women in Paris, France in 1945. It turns out that as early as the 1940s in China, Mr. Li had already made outstanding contributions to the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and to the cause of national liberation! ”
In the end, a vivid picture of the young Li Pei came to my mind: "In the 1940s, the wartime capital was Chongqing. Li Pei, who was in the double decade, went in and out of the Chongqing Branch of the China Labor Association and the ZengJiayan Zhou Mansion, working with Zhou Enlai and his wife Deng Yingchao, Mr. Zhu Xuefan, Ms. Song Meiling, Xinhua News Agency reporter Gong Peng and Qiao Guanhua... Went to Paris, France, and traveled with scientists Wang Dezhao and Qian Sanqiang, musicians Li Huinian and General Deng Fa... I met Professor Guo Yonghuai at Cornell University in a foreign country, met Professor Qian Xuesen and Professor Lin Jiaqiao of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Gong Pusheng and Chen Xiuxia, international students from Columbia University..."
► Li Pei, Guo Yonghuai, Guo Qin's family in the United States in 1953.
The Legend of Li Pei (1): The Smoke Cloud of Beijing at that time
Wang Danhong 2016-09-14
Li Pei grew up in the tide of such an era, and in the center of the whirlpool of the tide, no one knows what kind of waves have been generated in the heart of a young student.
► Nora is the protagonist of "The Doll's House", which was created by the Norwegian writer Ibsen in 1879, and the story of the heroine's escape from the family has greatly promoted the development of the European feminist movement and has also had a great impact on China. Pictured here is the premiere of "Doll's House" at the Royal Theatre in Copenhagen in 1879, and Nala is played by Betty Hennings.
Li Pei Legend 2: The revolutionary road of "Nala"
Wang Danhong 2016-10-01
For many years, it has been believed that sixty years ago, the famous mechanician Guo Yonghuai returned to China with the encouragement of Qian Xuesen, and Li Pei returned with her husband Guo Yonghuai. Among the published materials are two letters from Qian Xuesen to Guo Yonghuai on February 2, 1956 and September 11, 1956. But that's only part of the truth. In fact, Li Pei played a crucial role in Guo Yonghuai's decision to return to China.
Li Pei is a real old revolutionary.
►On February 27, 2011, Shi Yigong and Rao Yi visited Li Pei. In the upper right corner is this photo of Zhou Enlai, which has never been noticed. Shining/Photo
► This photo is unremarkable and unnoticed by visitors, as little is known as Li Pei's working relationship with Zhou Enlai during his time in Chongqing. Wang Hongfei/ Photo, June 7, 2009
Li Pei's album
Pei Yu Huai Jin Yi Zhi Hui Xin - Mr. Li Pei's century career
Editor-in-Chief: Academician Zheng Zhemin
(Winner of the highest national science and technology award)
Editorial Board: Zheng Zhemin, Li Jiachun, Wan Lijun,
Zhou Dejin, Tan Qingming, Dai Shiqiang, Yu Baiyang, Li Weige,
Keren Wang, Yunming Chen, Donald Sturge
Foreword author: Academician Li Jiachun
Author: Academician Wan Lijun
Editors: Kong Qingyong, Yu Xiumei, Li Fangyu
Binding design: Yu Baiyang, thoughtful
ISBN：978-7-312-04040-5
Publication date: 2016.10
Published by the University of Science and Technology of China Press, the book "Pei Yu Huai Jin Yi Zhi Hui Xin" records the legendary experience of Mr. Li Pei, with the help of Mr. Li Pei's relatives, friends and colleagues, collects precious photos of all aspects of Mr. Li Pei's century-long life course, and after careful modification, painstaking arrangement and accurate annotation by the editorial board and the publishing house, it was first published on October 16, 2016 on the occasion of the opening of the Guo Yonghuai Deeds Exhibition Hall. Many of the photographs in this album are published for the first time and are particularly valuable. These photos record the legendary experience, bumpy life and rich inner world of this century old man, and convey to the readers the spirit of Mr. Li Pei's patriotism and dedication, boundless love and selflessness, and she really does everything well with her ordinary words and deeds, unpretentious personality, refinement and good attitude of learning, and her story touches every reader.
Through six chapters, the book introduces the reader to the footprints of Mr. Li Pei's life. Each chapter contains Mr. Li Pei's words, and the English annotations under each photo are written by the students trained by Mr. Guo Yonghuai during his lifetime, so as to ensure that the artistic conception contained in the photos can be accurately conveyed.
| directory |
Prologue / Jeong Chul Min / i
Foreword / Li Jiachun / v
The first article is the bookish boudoir fan, and the virtue / 1
It shows Mr. Li Pei's family life as a teenager, his youthful style when he was studying, and his excellent work and diplomatic skills.
Part II: Chinser and Naruto / 23
It records Mr. Li Pei's study experience at Cornell University in the United States and the happy life after meeting Guo Yonghuai and forming a lifelong partner.
Part III Spring Wind and Rain Moisturizing Silent / 61
It records the work and life of Mr. Li Pei in the first ten years after his return to China.
Chapter IV Frost Resistance and Cold Wind and Bone Steep / 77
It reflects the misfortunes and tribulations of Mr. Li Pei's family during the "Cultural Revolution."
Chapter 5 Old Ji Fu Fu Zhi Zhi In a Thousand Miles / 95
After recording the "Cultural Revolution", Mr. Li Pei, who is more than a year old, devoted himself to the cause of reform and opening up with unlimited enthusiasm.
Chapter VI Matilda Mikoto / 117
It reflects Mr. Li Pei's life and social activities after his retirement at the age of eighty.
Biography of Mr. Guo Yonghuai / Li Jiachun Dai Shiqiang / 142
References / 151
Trek / Wanlijun / 153
Acknowledgements / Yu Baiyang / 155
On January 12, 2022, Mr. Li Pei's deceased hand in front of the statue of Guo Yonghuai, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Guo Yonghuai and Li Pei's ashes were buried under the statue) presented flowers to Mr. Li Pei | Photo by Zhao Yajie
Edition Editor Wang Lejia