Beijing News (reporter Zhao Lixin) Recently, the National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center released a message that it is expected that the main diseases and insect pests of wheat in the country will be generally heavy in 2022, with an area of 810 million mu, of which 410 million mu of diseases and 400 million mu of insect pests. In the face of the overall bias of pests and diseases, at the beginning of 2022, what preparations should management units and growers make? On January 11, a reporter from the Beijing News interviewed Professor Li Honglian, dean of the College of Plant Protection of Henan Agricultural University, and Yu Kai, director of the plant protection station of yantai agricultural technology extension center in Shandong Province.
Professor Li Honglian of Henan Agricultural University. Courtesy of respondents
The National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center predicts in the "2022 National Wheat Gibberellosis and Aphids and Other Major Diseases and Insect Pests To Show a Heavy Occurrence Trend" that the national area of striated blight is 120 million mu, and the area of gibberellosis and powdery mildew is 90 million mu; among them, gibberellosis occurs in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, in the wheat area of Jianghuai and southern Huanghuai, aphids occur more heavily in most of the wheat area of the Huanghuai Sea, stripe rust occurs in the Hanshui River Basin and the northwest, and striped blight occurs more heavily in the Huanghuai wheat area of Jianghuai.
Li Honglian told reporters that there are many types of wheat diseases and insect pests, and the prevention and control periods are also different, such as the key period for the prevention and control of wheat striped blight is the period of returning to green joints, and it will be prevented and controlled after the Spring Festival; the key period for the prevention and control of gibberellosis is the flowering period of panicle extraction, like in Henan region, which is generally in late April; although aphids are pests in the whole growth period, the focus of prevention and control is on ear aphids (filling period); powdery mildew generally begins to occur gradually after returning to green joints, and occurs more seriously after ear extraction.
A wheat field in Zhoukou, Henan. Courtesy of respondents
Yu Kai told reporters that growers need to prepare materials in advance, agricultural management departments also need to do a good job of guidance, and now Yantai attaches great importance to the prevention and control of diseases and pests, in November-December 2021, Yantai City and the agricultural management departments of the lower jurisdictional counties held a new type of vocational farmer training, more than 10,000 people participated.
"At present, the government and relevant agricultural departments should strengthen monitoring and early warning, timely release dynamic information on the occurrence of diseases and insects, and guide the masses to prevent and control." Agricultural material dealers at all levels should prepare preventive and control drugs, while ordinary farmers only need to purchase drugs in time for prevention and control in accordance with the agricultural department's prevention and control guidelines; large planters can prepare some prevention and control agents in advance. If government departments want to carry out unified prevention and control of major diseases and insect pests such as stripe rust and gibberellosis, they need to arrange control funds as soon as possible, bid for the purchase of control agents, or purchase plant protection services as soon as possible. Li Honglian said.
Beijing News reporter Zhao Lixin
Edited by Tang Zheng Proofreader Wang Xin