Author | Fan Deng Reading · The clouds are light and the wind is light
Anchor | Fan Deng Reading · Ah Cheng
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Welcome to Fan Deng's reading character column - "Stars".
Reading the Stars Shine · Experience extraordinary life.
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The protagonist who appears today is a controversial figure, some people say that he is the emperor of the weak and incompetent country, and some people say that he is the emperor of words.
He became the most desolate king of the fallen kingdom in history, losing three thousand miles of territory; but in the world of words, he was galloping and breaking new ground.
Let's walk into the life story of Li Yu, the emperor of the Southern Tang Dynasty
I know there is a question, who is the most tragic emperor in history?
Li Yu, the lord of the Southern Tang Dynasty, was on the list.
Li Yu, the lord of the Southern Tang Dynasty, was originally an amorous talent of the absolute style, and he was helplessly born in the imperial family and became the lord of a country.
He put aside Wenqing's unrestrained and romantic, focused on rectifying the country, and tried to save the decadence, and stubbornly confronted the Great Song for 15 years.
Zhao Kuangyinxing's division attacked Jinling City to retake southern Tang, and Li Yu became a prisoner of the order.
How many families are worried about the country and hate, all turned into Poignant words and phrases in Li Yu's pen.
After being imprisoned for three years, his sentence "The homeland cannot look back at the moon and mingzhong" stung Zhao Guangyi of the Song Dynasty, and he gave Li Yu a pot of poisonous wine.
Li Yu was forty-two years old when he died, and it was his birthday. The masterpiece "Yu Meiren" has been passed down through the ages, and Li Yu is known as the "Emperor of Ancient Words".
The world says that he has no way to govern the country, is weak and incompetent, and I would like to ask, how can a weak person face a strong enemy and stubbornly resist for 15 years?
As a literary scholar, Li Yu did his best, and he held on to the jiangshan and responsibility with a rare sobriety in the world, and supported the people of the Southern Tang Dynasty for more than ten years.
On August 15, 937, Li Yu was born into the Li family of the Southern Tang Dynasty. It was Tanabata, and it was also the auspicious day of the zodiac when his grandfather Li Fu was proclaimed emperor.
Li Yu, who was born with a golden spoon, was deeply loved. His father gave him the word "Day is day, and moon is night." ”
Rich and beautiful, with high hopes. Li Yu really did not live up to his father's expectations.
He is exceptionally intelligent, endowed with unique talents and talents, and shines with the sun and the moon.
Li Yuxiao's music rhythm, the music he wrote, as soon as it was launched, became a classic of singing in the streets and alleys; he was good at drawing bamboo, his pen power was extraordinary, and posterity praised it as an "iron hook lock";
Calligraphy is also high, he is thin and hard, strong in pen strength, good at writing, people called "golden wrong knife";
Every cell of his body is filled with the air of art. And the above talents are only his spare hobbies.
Li Yu dominates poetry and literature.
He wrote "Yulou Chun": "The evening makeup is bright and snowy, and the concubines of the Spring Temple are lined with fish." The sheng flute blew off the water clouds and re-pressed the neon song all over the place. ”
On the night of the full moon, the song and dance rise to the level, and the dressed palace women and fish come in, what a glorious person!
"Huan Xi Yarn": "The red sun has been three feet high, the golden furnace has added incense to the beast, and the red brocade lichen has wrinkled with steps." ”
The red sun was shining, last night's dance and music carnival did not stop, the palace ladies walked in turn, one by one to add sandalwood to the incense burner carved with golden beasts, they gently stepped on the red brocade, and the brocade was wrinkled and flat.
It is written about the life of singing and revelry in the palace, the young Li Yu sings at night and night, and is drunk and gold fans.
Every time after getting drunk, a beautiful song came out, and it amazed the sky of the entire Tang Dynasty.
As a prince, li yu is obviously able to lie flat, Li Yu wants to fight for talent; obviously talented, but far more than this, he also has a shocking appearance.
Li Yu was born in a full heavenly court, with a square circle of the earth, and rarely had a "heavy pupil", and one eye had two pupils.
He "has long teeth and heavy pupils", which is said to be a different phase that belongs to the emperors such as Shun, Confucius, and Xiang Yu.
People have been talking and speculating, but what about the good looks of nature, Li Yu's heart, only poetry and wine years, never care about what the nine-five dignity.
Good looks did not bring him good luck, but out of thin air attracted the jealousy and calculation of his brother Li Hongji.
Li Hongji was extremely powerful, and he viciously killed his uncle Li Jingsui, who threatened the throne.
And Li Yu, who quickly caught the hostility, he responded soberly.
He hid his sharp edge, no longer participated in political affairs, and made a retreat and idle posture; on key occasions he always said that he was a "Buddhist family" and never coveted imperial power.
"The waves are intentionally a thousand heavy snows, peach and plum wordless a team of spring, a pot of wine, a pole body, how many people in the world are runong?"
When he became a "bell hermit" in the palace, he was full of love and immortal.
Li Yu plunged headlong into the ocean of art, danced every day to get ink, sing and dance, and spent the happiest time in his life.
Li Yu's text is amorous and romantic, delicate and gentle. But there is no shortage of careful observation and far-reaching thoughts.
His writing, with sharp dialysis, deep thinking and sober cognition, implies the innate insight of a genius writer.
He threw himself wholeheartedly into life and embraced life. Sober judgment, hide the sharp edge, protect yourself.
With his unworldly talent, li yu's posture of looking down on fame and fortune, and the realm of indisputable, lived soberly and out of place.
He was loved and appreciated by his father. Li Jing made him crown prince and entrusted Jiangshan to him.
Li Yufeng's happy juvenile life ended quickly. In 961, Li Jing moved the capital to Nanchang, and Li Yu, as crown prince, oversaw the state at Jinling.
In June, Li Jing died of illness, and Li Yu took the throne in a hurry and became emperor.
In this way, the creation pushed one of the most tender Wenqing to the position of emperor who decided to kill.
If he had the choice, Li Yu preferred to become the emperor who ruled the writing. But he knew soberly that he had to shoulder his responsibilities and strive to be a good emperor.
At that time, the Southern Tang Dynasty was in constant war and the country was weak. In the face of the Song Dynasty's tiger eyes, Li Yu acted quickly and submitted the "Table of Song Taizu on the Throne" to express his heart to the Song Dynasty.
Li Yu wrote: "The subject is based on the sons, and it is really ashamed to be talented... However, the Festival of The Strong, the Heavenly Dynasty, if you know a little bit of the original intention, you will have a different ambition... He deserves to be condemned by the gods. ”
Li Yu was cautious and bowed his knees. Seemingly weak and incompetent is actually a strategy.
He was well aware that the Southern Tang Dynasty was weak, and showing weakness for the time being was the long-term solution. He paralyzed the Great Song Dynasty, bought time for the country to recuperate, and strengthened its national strength.
On the surface, Li Yu bowed down to his subjects and paid tribute at many years; he privately set up coaches for the water army to enhance combat effectiveness.
Li Yu reused his old ministers and stabilized the high-rankings; Corporal Li Xian attached importance to the imperial examination; loved the people like a son, exempted him from military service and reduced taxes; revitalized agriculture and persuaded farmers to cultivate mulberry.
Li Yu firmly defended the city, agreed on a strategy, and prepared to use the Yangtze River as a natural danger to drag down the Song army that was on a long-distance attack, so as to wait for work and meet the battle at any time.
The whole country is united in will. Li Yu also never slackened off, and when the enemy attacked, he sent troops to fight and personally patrol the city to boost morale.
In 974, the Song Dynasty sent troops to attack Jinling, and in the face of a strong army, the Southern Tang did not admit it. Resisted with all its might, dragging on the war for a year. The Song army could not attack for a long time and could only retreat.
Zhao Kuangyin had to look at Southern Tang differently, and between hesitations, he gave Southern Tang time to rest.
Li Yu's hands, with a pair of dancing ink, supported the responsibility of the state; the mind of the poetry was right, and he also bore the expectations of the people of the Southern Tang Dynasty. He was compassionate, benevolent and generous, and deeply loved by the people.
His love for Empress Dowager Zhou was also highly praised by the people.
Emperor Zhou'e was proficient in musical rhythm. The couple found the scattered "Neon Dress Feather Song", which was supplemented by fragments and rehearsed in a grand rehearsal at the palace.
Li Yu and Emperor Zhou'e Qinser and Ming were in love. He also has a deep affection for his younger brother Li Congshan.
Li Congshan once planned to frame Li Yu for the throne, but Li Yu never cared. Later, when the Song Dynasty was taken hostage, Li Yu worried about him and often wiped his tears with sadness: "Since the good has not been returned, the banquet at four o'clock has stopped." ”
Lu You wrote:
"After the Lord's talent is pure filial piety... Love for the people is urgent."
Li Yu is kind and affectionate, although he enjoys comfort, he covets tenderness. But he was sober and firm, and when he took responsibility, he never let go, let alone abandon the people.
Land travel record: "Those who rely on Shao'an in the territory have been for five years."
Yes, when everyone sweated for Li Yu, Li Yu shouldered the responsibility of Jiangshan with his shoulders and led the people through fifteen years of happy days.
Li Yu has a clear soul and loves to write. He has the responsibility and conscience of a literary scholar.
As an emperor, although he did not have the ability to excel, he was sincere and fearful, and he was loyal and conscientious.
With a rare awakening in the world, with poetry in one hand and a country in the other, he lived truly and diligently, and also worked hard until he was powerless.
In 974, Emperor Taizu of Song ordered Li Yu to enter the capital on the pretext of offering sacrifices to heaven, but Li Yutuo fell ill and did not comply, "the matter is over, only death."
In the face of all kinds of hegemonic oppression of the Song Dynasty, he showed his temperament.
In February 975, the Song army launched two hundred thousand troops on land and water, and the mighty force was directly approaching the Southern Tang.
The Song army set up a pontoon bridge to cross the Yangtze River and went straight to Jinling City, and Li Yu woke up like a dream.
"One day when I ascended the city, I saw that the fence was outside, and the flags were all over the field, and I was afraid."
The Hongzhou Jiedu who rushed to aid caused Zhu Lingyun to be burned alive. Li Yu ordered the construction of a city to gather grain and desperately defend the city. The Song army besieged the city day and night, and there was a shortage of rice and grain in the city, and countless casualties were killed and wounded every day.
Li Yu painstakingly thought about countermeasures to find a way out. Twice sent envoys to the Northern Song Dynasty, to receive money and goods, and to plead for the relaxation of the army.
Song Taizu said coolly: "Lying on the side of the bed, it is better to allow others to snore."
Speaking of peace, Li Yu was determined to fight to the death. He led the officers and men to hold out until December, when they ran out of ammunition and food, the subjects were killed in battle, and Li Yu "fell to the military gate with flesh."
From a young age, he was pampered by all the people who were the king of a country. He had thought that one day he would raise his face shirtless, dedicate his dignity to a million enemy troops, and let others trample and humiliate.
He fell straight from the highest throne to the abyss. Dignity shattered, heart shattered. They will also be hung on the pillar of shame of history and laughed at for thousands of years.
He wrote "Broken Formation":
"Forty years of home country, three thousand miles of mountains and rivers. ...... The most is the day of the hasty resignation temple, and the church still plays a parting song. Weeping to Gong'e. ”
Ups and downs, to sorrow and pain. Crucified forever, He was not afraid. What disturbed him the most was the tearful eyes of the people.
Li Yu was escorted to Tokyo, and Song Taizu conferred on him the title of Grand General of the Right Qianniu Wei and the Title of Marquis of Disobedience. Placed under house arrest in the suburbs.
He laughed wildly in his heart, obviously he was a prisoner of the order, but he still wanted to be conferred the title of marquis.
Li Yu soberly knew that he was just a symbol, and he forced a smile like a puppet.
He couldn't sleep at night, and the five more dreams came back, and his heart was eroded: "How much hate, last night's dream soul." ”
If the emperor is not proper, then write the words; when the country is gone, then miss it.
In 978, Li Yu, as a slave of the country, ushered in his third birthday. That day, it was Tanabata again.
The homeland of Jiangnan, should be unharmed; are the people all well? This year, I can't dress up with the queen in the palace...
Stop, stop, stop, can't think: "How many tears, stained sleeves and crossed";
In the pain of the heart, Li Yu wrote "Yu Meiren" with a pen:
"When is the spring flower and autumn moon?" How much do you know about the past. Xiao Lou had another east wind last night, and the homeland could not look back at the middle of the moon. ”
The palace maid sang, he raised a glass wordlessly, how did he expect the song to reach the ears of The Song Emperor Zhao Guangyi, he sent someone to give a pot of poisoned wine overnight, Li Yu drank it all, fell to the ground and died.
Zhao Guangyi once asked Pan Shenxiu, an old minister of the Southern Tang Dynasty, "Is Li Yu really a cowardly and incompetent person?" ”
Pan Shenxiu replied, "If he is really an incompetent and ignorant person, how can he defend the country for more than ten years?" ”
The world said that Li Yu was weak, but he was able to take out his imperial style and fight to the death to resist the Song army at a critical moment, and he was defeated in battle;
The world said that he indulged in talking about the wrong country, but he had a thick heart, worked silently, and fought for the people for fifteen years of good life;
Li Yu is not a generation of tyrants, but he is a benevolent monarch; he cannot raise his arms and shout to reverse the defeat, but he is always working tirelessly and repeatedly rising up to fight;
He faced failure head-on, silently endured humiliation, chewed pain; he was unyielding and awe-inspiring, his soul was always pure, and his personality was always noble.
He lived firmly and soberly, sincerely and hardworkingly, and was always a spiritual aristocrat.
The Song Dynasty destroyed the Southern Tang Dynasty, but achieved Li Yu.
Suffering is the greatest asset.
Li Yu's amorous and kind heart immersed in the pain of the loss of the country was tempered to become more and more pure; Li Yu's persistence in adhering to his integrity and never flattering made his soul more sober and powerful.
Jiangshan unfortunate poets are lucky, living to the vicissitudes of words and work. Wang Guowei gave Li Yu a very high evaluation: "After the words reached Li Hou Lord, his vision began to be large, and his feelings were deep. ”
Sending an artist to hell, his soul is jeopard, sober and determined, glowing with great vitality and creativity.
Li Yu, the "Emperor of Ancient Words", will become a superstar in the Chinese literary world forever.
Zhou Guoping said:
In an era when the spirit has been depreciated before, if one still insists on being a "spiritual aristocrat",
By spiritual richness and openness to material poverty, I believe that he must not be vain, but really out of spiritual nobility and honesty. ”
Good is the fairy bone, and amorous is the heart of the Buddha.
It is true that Li Yu lived a noble and honest life because he was sober.
Click "Watching" and encourage your friends.
Author | The clouds are light and the wind is light, the time is like wine, and the pen is slightly drunk.
Column Director | Cheng zi
Typography | Zheng to the north
Image | The pictures in this article come from the Internet, and are invaded and deleted
Music | Nirvana - Wu Na