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Electric vehicle is a very convenient, affordable small means of transport, it is very popular in our country, whether in the city, rural, whether it is spring, summer, autumn or winter, can see its figure on the road, as a high popularity of transportation, it still has a major weakness, that is, the problem of hardiness.
And China is a leading electric vehicle manufacturing technology, today, like Yadi, Emma and other first-line brands, have also launched low-temperature electric vehicle products, can solve the problem of electric vehicles in minus 20 ° C battery capacity decline problem, but these low-temperature batteries, are equipped with high-end models, and most of the electric vehicles, are 2000 yuan - 3000 yuan or so of the electric vehicle.
Therefore, for most electric vehicle owners, electric vehicles are still facing the lower the temperature, the more serious the problem of endurance decline, especially below 0 ° C, whether it is a lead-acid battery or a lithium battery, the capacity will decline, the daily endurance is 80 kilometers, only 50 kilometers remains, then, what is the problem? What is the solution, in fact, if you can change the charging method, although you can't fully restore the endurance, running more than 10 kilometers is not a problem.
In the weather below 0 °C, the battery life difference of the electric vehicle is strange to the battery
When the weather temperature becomes lower, after the endurance declines, some owners will feel that it is a battery problem, which is actually a misunderstanding, our current electric vehicles are equipped with mainstream batteries, basically lead-acid batteries and lithium batteries, these 2 types of batteries, chemical reactions and temperature relationships are closely related, will be affected by temperature reduction.
From the principle of interpretation, when the ambient temperature is below 0 ° C, the compatibility between the electrolyte and the negative electrode separator becomes worse, and the magnetic viscosity of the battery will increase or even freeze, resulting in the conductivity of the battery being affected, thereby affecting the charge and discharge efficiency of the battery.
In addition, the lead-acid battery will also cause the active substance activity inside the lead alloy grid plate to become poor due to low temperature, and the ability of the separator to prevent the active substance from falling off will also be weakened, resulting in the battery's storage capacity being affected.
These are the real reasons for the decline of electric vehicles in winter, and the quality of electric vehicles, there is no direct relationship, therefore, in the weather below 0 ° C, electric vehicles have poor battery life, do not blame the battery anymore, but need to think, how to improve the endurance.
The battery life becomes worse, and the owner can run farther by charging these points
In fact, the method of improving battery life is not complicated, taking the lead-acid battery as an example, its work efficiency is relatively high at an ambient temperature of 25 ° C, below this temperature, the storage capacity will drop by about 1%, then, want to improve the battery life, naturally from the improvement of the battery storage capacity to start, which requires the owner, change their daily charging methods, in the winter, carry out "special" charging methods;
The first way to charge in winter: charge indoors
This is the most effective way to improve the endurance, but also the "right medicine", the reason why the temperature of the electric vehicle is too low the endurance declines, is because the electric vehicle is below 0 ° C, the battery charging working state is not good, resulting in the battery storage there is a "virtual power", if the ambient temperature can be increased to more than 10 ° C, it directly solves such a problem, of course, this does not mean that the electric vehicle endurance will be fully restored, because, in the discharge process, the electric vehicle will also have too low temperature, discharge efficiency is affected, However, an electric vehicle with a range of 60 or 70 kilometers and an increase of 10 kilometers of endurance is still not a problem.
It is worth noting: But in indoor charging, mainly refers to some conditional situations, such as the parking garage of the community for indoor and outdoor optional cases, this is the first choice of indoor parking garage, but small connoisseurs do not recommend, the electric vehicle or battery directly to take home charging, such behavior not only has safety hazards, but also is not allowed by regulations.
The second way to charge in winter: Charge in the sun
For most car owners, it is not that they do not want to charge indoors, but there is no such condition, so they want to change and do not have that condition, but in fact, as long as they know why the battery has declined in winter, they can carry out "one by one", when the temperature is relatively low in winter, if you charge in the sun, the relative temperature will also increase, then, the same can achieve the efficiency of the chemical reaction, so that the charging efficiency is higher.
It is worth noting: here to remind that charging in the sun is the operation of such a special situation in winter, do not develop daily charging habits, do not charge in such a way in the summer, because, the battery is a high temperature resistant upper limit, the general lead-acid battery is 50 ° C, lithium battery is 60 ° C, once the charging temperature plus the ambient temperature exceeds this degree, the light will make the battery lose water, etc., hurt the battery, serious spontaneous combustion and other safety hazards.
The third winter charging method: extend the charging time appropriately
The above 2 changes in charging methods are all in the increase of temperature to do "hands and feet", this way is to improve the charging efficiency, but a big factor in the real endurance decline of the battery is because the battery "charging dissatisfaction" caused by the reduction of charging efficiency, the battery capacity has not been fully stored, therefore, the battery capacity can be extended by extending the charging time, so that the capacity of the battery can be sufficiently stored, and the battery life of the electric vehicle will naturally be improved.
It is worth noting: there are car owners will have doubts, the charger becomes green light, no matter how to extend the time is useless, charging is also stopped, but in fact, the charger in the green light will not stop charging, will only be small current charging, the advantage of this is to make the battery capacity more sufficient, but if you do not control the time, let the battery charge all day and all night, will lead to the battery continuous high temperature caused by water loss, bulging and other issues, so that after the temperature is normal, the damage to the battery will not disappear, it will not be worth the loss, therefore, the charging time is not more than 10 hours It is best not to charge more than 2 hours after the charger turns green.
Lithium batteries and lead-acid batteries are used differently in weather below 0 °C
Finally, small connoisseurs often see a netizen asking, only say the way of charging and maintenance of lead-acid batteries, regardless of the 20% share of lithium battery electric vehicle charging, then, today said 0 ° C below the weather use, I will take both into account, say their differences.
In fact, in a large way, the chemical reaction method of lithium batteries and lead-acid batteries is the same, which will be affected by temperature, but there are subtle differences between the two.
First of all, the difference in low temperature resistance, lead-acid batteries are 0 °C will have a very serious endurance decline, and the low temperature resistance of lithium batteries is relatively better, 0 °C will not drop very seriously, basically in minus 10 °C there will be a more serious endurance decline, if your lithium battery is 0 °C there will be a serious decline in battery life, you have to consider whether the battery is damaged.
Secondly, the difference in charging, lead-acid batteries charged at low temperatures, will only affect the charging efficiency, and there will be no other damage, but lithium battery charging, for the ambient temperature is very picky, most of the lithium battery charging temperature is not recommended below 10 ° C, some better quality lithium batteries, can not be less than 0 ° C charging.
Otherwise, it will lead to the reaction of lithium metal and electrolyte, and the situation of lithium ion anode precipitation of lithium, which is often referred to as "lithium dendrite", this substance not only affects the capacity of the battery, but also may break the separator of the battery, so that the battery has the safety hazard of deflagration.
Small connoisseur summary: The above is the small connoisseur for everyone to introduce, 0 ° C below the environment to use electric vehicles, some solutions to the endurance decline of the suggestion, in fact, the way to improve the endurance in winter, nothing more than 2 kinds, the first is to increase the charging environment temperature, so that the battery chemical reaction efficiency is not reduced, the second is to increase the battery storage, as long as you remember these 2 ways, you can "give an example", find out more ways to increase the endurance.
I hope the above can help you, and welcome to forward and bookmark. Pay attention to electric vehicle connoisseurs and share information and views related to electric vehicles every day.