introduction
Lu You said in the "Jiannan Poetry Manuscript and Article": "The article is natural, and the clever hand occasionally obtains it." It is intended to mean that poetry is precious in nature, and far from being artificially carved. It is also true that almost all the good verses of various dynasties and generations are the author's natural works.
In the fifth generation, an unknown poet accidentally obtained a famous sentence from ancient times, and it was the writing of this sentence that allowed him to leave a name in the ancient Chinese literati group, and the descendants of the poet even called it "there can be no two in eternity".
However, it has to be said that he should have become famous in the future generations by virtue of this thousand ancient famous sentences, but now there are very few people who know his name and surname without a name. As for the reason, it is even more "funny"—because a poet who is more famous than him has completely "borrowed" this time-honored sentence in a more brilliant word than the original he wrote.
And this unknown poet is Weng Hong, and as for the "borrower", it is the Northern Song Dynasty poet Yan Jidao.
Weng Hong and "Spring Residue" of the "falling flower people independent, micro swift double flying" sentence
Weng Hong, a native of Hezhou City, was born in the five dynasties period at the end of the Tang Dynasty. During the Five Dynasties period, known as "Ji Shi" in Chinese history, during this period, there were successive wars, wars, and people's livelihoods, and the change of regime under the leadership of the warriors was even more overwhelming.
Living in such a social environment also created a very unsympathetic and indifferent character of Weng Hong. Ping Suri also had to live in seclusion between Zhaozhou and Hezhou, and even the friends he made were mostly hermits, such as Liao Rong, Ren Hu, and Wang Zhengji; and he also wandered in front of the mountain forest valley and Zepan Creek, chanting poems and writing gifts, but he was also happy.
Hermits such as Weng Hong were not uncommon in ancient China, just as the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest were represented by Ruan Zhi, Ji Kang and others in the Wei and Jin Dynasties; but it has to be admitted that compared with the achievements of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest and others, Weng Hong's personal achievements are obviously much lower.
Although according to the "HeXian Chronicle", the number of poems written by him is quite large, but his poems pay more attention to language, sound and rhythm, quite deliberate; and because he is in a chaotic world, the poems are rarely handed down, and this series of factors has also led to Weng Hong's "namelessness" in later generations. And the "Quan Tang Poems" only includes three poems such as his "Spring Residue" and the three parts of the broken sentences, which can also be regarded as circumstantial evidence.
However, we have to admit that in Weng Hong's poem "Spring Residue", there is a famous sentence for eternity.
Spring cripple
Weng Hong
It's spring again, how to get out of the green.
The falling flower people are independent, and the micro swifts fly twice.
The soul of the fable will be broken, nor will the dream of the years.
It was a sad night, and Xiao Sa was twilight.
In the poem, Weng Hong describes for us the scene of a woman missing her lover in late spring. The first sentence of the sentence is reinforced by "and" and "also", and the woman's grief is also deepened. And the pain of parting, the old land revisiting the soul of the lover, such as intoxicated thoughts, the love is already on the paper. How does this make people get out of the tent?
Of course, the woman still walked out of the tent in this contradiction, and it is precisely this second sentence that integrates the scenery with the woman's feelings, which is eye-catching.
The poet wrote: The falling flower people are independent, and the micro swifts fly twice. In the spring, the flowers have fallen, and the man stands alone, accompanied by a pair of swallows in the slight drizzle, and a picture of the spring residue has come to mind. And at this time, why is the woman not worried and worried? Swallows fly twice but people are independent, and under the background of flowers, rain, etc., everything in the woman's heart is also clearly expressed in front of us.
Thus, there is also the sorrow described again in the latter two couplets.
For this poem, many descendants have repeatedly written it in his poems, meaning more repetitive, and the language is usually evaluated, but only its sentence "The falling flower is independent, and the micro swift double flies" is highly praised. The Qing Dynasty poet Tan Xian commented that "there can be no two in eternity".
Of course, we have to say that in the circulation of this poem, we cannot ignore the role of the Northern Song Dynasty poet Yan Jidao. And Yan Jidao even "Yue Li Dai Kuo" has become the original author of many people.
Yan Jidao and "Linjiang Immortal Dream Back Building High Lock"
Yan Jidao was a famous lyricist of the Northern Song Dynasty, born from a famous and prestigious family, and his father Yan Shuguan was in the same position. Such a family lineage has a great impact on the growth of Yan Jidao, which can be imagined.
From a young age, Zhu Weicui cultivated several artistic cells of Yan, but also let him develop a personality of the wind, and because of this, he caused a lot of love debts.
"Linjiang Immortal Dream Back Building High Lock", his representative lyrics, is composed by him because he misses the singer XiaoPing.
Linjiangxian Dream Back Building High Lock
After the dream, the platform is locked high, and the curtain hangs low.
Last year, when the spring hatred came, the falling flowers were independent, and the micro swifts flew twice.
I remember the first sight of Xiao Ping, the two heavy heart words Luo Yi, the pipa strings said acacia.
At that time, the bright moon was there, and the clouds had returned.
In this poem, Yan wrote the scene after the dream in the first few sentences, and compared with the beauty in the dream, the reality is that the curtain is low, the building is locked, and the only thing left for people is sadness.
In the next three sentences, Yan Jidao has to face reality, and the last two sentences of these three sentences are the original sentences of Weng Hong. However, compared with Weng Hong's poems, Yan Jidao's words are obviously more beautiful. After waking up from the wine, some people are independent, yan shuangfei, and they are the sorrow of being connected but cannot meet each other.
In the lower que, Yan Jidao was also full of skill. Using the poems of Ouyang Xiu, Li Bai and others, the whole text gives people a feeling of subtle sincerity and affection.
brief summary
The phrase "falling flowers are independent, micro swifts fly twice" has become a famous sentence for thousands of years after more than a thousand years of dissemination, and everyone in the past has been highly evaluated.
And history also shows us a different style of poetry. Whether it is Weng Hong's "clever hand to get it" or Yan Jidao's clever borrowing of "poetry into music", it is worth remembering and learning.