Qing Dynasty banquet
The word "Manchu Han Quanxi" must be known to anyone who has lived in China's territory! The term originally referred to the general term for the highest standard of banquets in the Qing Dynasty palace. With the passage of time and the change of times, the term "Full Table of Manchus" now refers to the richness of banquet dishes, complete dishes and delicious taste.
As for the meaning of "Manchu han full table", it can be seen literally that the banquet dishes include the special foods of the Manchu and Han ethnic groups, which must be extremely high in specification, excellent in taste, and extravagant in consumption. After all, the Qing Dynasty royal family invited guests to dinner, and the banquet represented the face of the royal family and the strength of the imperial court. And this kind of high-standard banquet often carries a variety of political purposes, and it is not as simple as eating.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" >, the large meal of "seat" can not be eaten</h1>
The "Manchu and Han All Seats" must include a variety of cuisines of the Manchu and Han ethnic groups, and it is said that there are 108 dishes in total, which are divided into 54 southern dishes and 54 northern dishes.
1. What is the Manchu full seat?
First of all, we need to know a little about the Full Table of ManHan, the Full Table of Man Han is not over after one meal, but it takes three days to eat!
Full of people
The "Manchu Han Banquet" is divided into "six banquets". The "six feasts" include: the feast of the pro-clan, the feast of courtiers, the feast of longevity, the feast of a thousand sorrows, the feast of nine whites, and the feast of seasons. Each of these six feasts represents different meanings, and the dishes are not the same.
The pro-clan banquet is to entertain the relatives of the royal family, the banquet of the kings of the various clans, and the main guests of the court banquet are the officials of the imperial court. The longevity banquet is actually the emperor's birthday banquet, and the emperor's birthday is called the longevity festival. At the longevity banquet, civil and military officials, harem concubines, and royal relatives all brought birthday gifts to the emperor to attend the banquet, and all the guests attending the banquet at the beginning of the banquet raised a glass: I wish the emperor a long life without boundaries! Auspicious words such as long live long live are actually wishing the emperor a happy birthday.
The Feast of the Thousand Sorrows was initiated by the Kangxi Emperor, and was first held in 1713, the 52nd year of the Kangxi Dynasty, when the Kangxi Emperor was 60 years old. In this lifetime, Kangxi expanded his territory, recovered the lost land, quelled the rebellion, swept away the former Ming Dynasty and the remnants of the former Ming Dynasty, and captured the rebellion of Ao Baiping. Kangxi led an iron horse to attack Kaldan to regain the Mongol departments, and appointed xianchen to order the Fujian water division to recover Taiwan. Kangxi was satisfied with the prosperous country he had governed, and he wanted to celebrate the Longevity Festival with the elderly all over the world. Therefore, a banquet for thousands of elderly people was held in Changchun Garden, and the first thousand feasts were held. The Feast of the Thousand Sorrows was held four times in the Qing Dynasty.
Also beginning during the Kangxi Dynasty was the Nine White Feasts, which were feasts set up by the Mongol ministries to show their loyalty. Seasonal banquet is the general term for all the annual and seasonal banquets in the palace.
Compared with our meal at home, the full table of Man Han is rich in dishes and extravagant. The bigger difference is that every time the Manchu and Han chinese seats are held, they contain a variety of political purposes. Either out of diplomacy, or out of war, or out of a good royal style and court atmosphere, and so on.
At the banquet, the guests superficially talked about wine and secretly had different thoughts, and the political forces of different positions were secretly wrestling for their goals, competing with each other for fear of accidentally falling behind.
2, all things can eat the treasure of ten thousand dollars
Although the political struggle under the table is tiring, the dishes on the table are really rich.
The 108-course menu of "Man Han All Seats" is unimaginable. In other words: flying in the sky, running on the ground, swimming in the water, growing on trees, buried in the ground, native, tribute, birds and animals, mountain treasures and seafood, rare fruits, all kinds of wine and delicacies, vegetables and fruits and so on. Only you can't think of it, there is no "full table of Han" can not eat.
Four joy dumplings
The names of various dishes in the traditional cross-talk "Reporting Dish Names" can be found in the recipes of the Manchu and Han chinese seats. The richness of the Manchu han whole table is not only because of its precious ingredients and great cost, but also because it contains a wide variety of dishes, which makes people dazzled.
The richness of the dishes is reflected in the common mountain wild vegetables such as large-leaf parsley and thorny sprouts, and also appears as a main dish or side dish at banquets. Precious ingredients such as bird's nest, bear paw, shark fin, monkey head, deer tail, hump, shark skin, puffer fish liver and other valuable ingredients are common.
The strange raw materials of the Manchu han table can be seen in a dish called "rice and pork chops". The main material of the orangutan lip is not the lips of the orangutan, but the flesh of the elk's face. Elk is also called four different, there are only more than 2,000 existing elk in China, all of which are recorded by the state, and are extremely precious national key wild protection animals. The orangutan lip is the dried meat made of elk face meat, and the degree of preciousness is at the top of the "Eight Treasures".
elk
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > second, eating vegetables is also eating culture</h1>
Although there are as many as 108 dishes in the Manchu han whole table, each dish is carefully prepared, and even the name of the dish is unique. 108 dishes, each with its own taste, 100 dishes, 100 dishes, 1000 dishes.
1. Poetic dish name
The Full Table of Manhan is the general term for the 6 major banquets, and participating in the banquet is not just about eating vegetables. The feast itself includes many procedures, such as the pro-clan feast. The general procedure of the pro-clan feast includes: pre-dinner tea, various dim sum, fruits, preserves, etc., and the tea fruit is followed by the appetizer.
The appetizer is followed by four types of pickles, such as golden cakes and four types of pickles, such as sugar garlic, accompanied by sake and soup. Wine here is not as simple as pouring wine into a jug and putting it on the table and drinking it yourself. This "fine wine" needs to be accompanied by court musicians, and all kinds of beautiful women pour wine, and finally this jade dew jelly can enter the mouth of the guests. Under this kind of ultra-high-level service, it is estimated that boiled water can drink the taste of Moutai wine.
After this, it is served in the following order: 3 main courses such as anchovy shark fin, 2 kinds of dumplings, 3 kinds of royal dishes such as coriander pigeons, 3 main dishes such as babao wild duck, 2 kinds of dumplings, 3 courses of main dishes, and then 2 kinds of noodles, 2 kinds of pasta, 2 kinds of barbecue after pasta, 3 kinds of imperial dishes, a bowl of gastrointestinal porridge, and the end of the fruit plate. Finally, the serving of the beautiful woman on the tea means farewell tea.
Hundred life peach
The procedure for serving the meal is roughly the same, except for the dishes that are slightly different, and the individual procedures are slightly different. In this way, we can see the richness of the banquet dishes and the complexity of the procedures.
Although the procedure is cumbersome and time-consuming, every delicious dish that you eat in your mouth is a pleasure in terms of the name of the dish. And it is difficult to imagine what the raw materials are without looking at the name of the dish. For example: Xi Shi Milk, Sweet Hop Jin, Mandarin Duck Roll, Great Rescue, Red Plum Pearl Fragrance, Xianglong Double Fly, Dragon and Phoenix Tenderness, Sand Boat Taocui, Magpie Dengmei, Erlong Play Bead, Crystal Plum Blossom Bag, Three Fresh Dragon and Phoenix Balls and so on.
Then there are some dishes that directly use the name of the material as the name of the dish, and even we can eat it at home. However, the imperial diet is naturally different from ordinary people everywhere, and the first name must be elegant. For example: cabbage fried quail eggs can be made at home, we named it quail egg scrambled cabbage, but the palace is called jade rabbit cabbage.
Hair vegetables, an algae plant that southerners love to eat, are also eaten in the palace, but they should be matched with mushrooms, and the dishes should be arranged into the word "Nian", named Nianzi Kou mushroom. Bear paws with peach-shaped fish mushrooms are called jade palm offerings. Camel palm meat with green vegetables is called sand boat tacui. Shredded chicken and shredded fish that are smoothly cooked and fried separately are called dragon and phoenix tenderness.
As for the name of the tea, it is fresh and elegant, not stained with vulgar dust. For example: Yanghe Spring Green, Junshan Silver Needle, Lushan Cloud Mist, Jasmine Tongue and other elegant and good names! It sounds fresh and timeless, the tea has not entered the lips and throat, and only listening to the name is already a clean heart.
Red plum beads
2, the real "beautiful color can be eaten"
The dishes made in the imperial dining room at the banquet represent the royal face, so it is not only necessary to taste excellent, the name is elegant, but also very ornamental, pay attention to the color and fragrance.
The dish is not only a good name, but also a good look, and the taste is even more wonderful. Xi Shi Milk is made of puffer ribs, which is also the nest of puffer fish. Although the name is only three words, the practice is not simple.
First take 20 puffer fish ribs and boil them in a water pot to steam, then put the seasonings and fry them in oil, then put in the broth and stew for a while, and then use the natural red in the food, such as the red color of amaranth, to dye it into a reddish pink color, and then put the mustard powder to collect the thick juice, and after the juice is collected, put in the pepper oil to calculate the production. When eating, it should also be accompanied by half a kilogram of bitter vegetables and a sweet sesame sauce special noodle sauce to add flavor.
The dishes are served listening to the reverie name of Xi Shi Milk, looking at this smooth and tender and lustrous fish, the pale red and pink color, and the unique flavor of puffer fish, if there is a seemingly innocent nose tip, it must make the diners' fingers move, and they want to raise their glasses and chopsticks immediately.
Also in full shape and flavor is lianpeng tofu. Lotus tofu this dish must be shaped as its name, the tofu puree, pork minced pork and egg white seasoning stir well, and then knead it by hand into the shape of a lotus, with green beans to make lotus seeds, so that the shape is steamed over medium heat. After coming out of the pot, put it into a large soup bowl, add cooked spinach leaves on the inside of the soup bowl as lotus leaves, and pour in the egg soup, so that it is completed.
Lianpeng tofu
The exquisite variety of the imperial meal and the fine workmanship are roughly like this.
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" >3, "Full Han Seat" or "Full Seat of Man Han"</h1>
Although the name "Manchu Han Quanxi" is widely circulated, its origin is controversial.
1. Controversy over origins
Some people say that the word "Full Seat of Manhan" comes from the cross-talk program, from the "name of the dish" in Guankou. Others say that the "Manchu Han Full Seat" evolved from the official banquets of the Qing Dynasty. Because during the Qing Dynasty, officials were mainly from manchus and Han chinese, and Manchus ate "full seats" and Han people ate "Han seats". The general order is to fill first and then Han, and then go to "Han Seat" after the "full seat". The full kitchen is full of seats, and the Han chef is responsible for the Han seat, so the chefs between the two ethnic groups began to compete, each taking out the housekeeping skills, and over time there was a saying of "full Han seat".
In addition to these two statements, the third one is more convincing. The Qing Dynasty did not have the term "Manchu Han Seat", and only the term "Manchu Han Seat" appeared in some literary works. The appearance of the "Manchu Han Full Seat" came after the founding of the People's Republic of China, to be precise, the tenth anniversary of the National Day. At that time, in order to show the world traditional Chinese culture, China gathered the world's elite chefs, each showing his magic, and took out a unique skill to show the long history and culture of a big country. After the continuous integration and exchange of many people, improvement and innovation, there is finally a "full seat of Manhan"!
Seat ancient paintings
Nowadays, many Chinese worship Western etiquette, especially table manners. In fact, since ancient times, our country has been very particular about etiquette. Men and women, no matter when and where, pay attention to treating people with courtesy. The prince wants to be gentle and jade, and the lady wants to be gentle and moving.
The etiquette above the banquet is even more exquisite, and the slightest mistake is afraid of laughter and generosity. Not only the etiquette, the use of tableware, materials, shapes, colors, placements, and even the clothing of the palace ladies must complement the purpose of the banquet and the taste of the dishes. A dish and a tableware, a glass of wine, is not sloppy.
Just one banquet encapsulates the accumulation and inheritance of 5,000 years of Chinese people, and each chopstick is not only a delicacy, but also a heritage and culture.