Since Qin Shi Huang unified the six kingdoms, China's strength has been obvious to all. After that, it experienced the Han Dynasty, Tang Dynasty, Song Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty, Qing Dynasty, and the territory was enviable. But the covetous other countries do not dare to act rashly, the powerful China has created more than one prosperous world, and the coming of all nations is not an illusion, but a manifestation of the true power.
By 1760, the Qing Dynasty's territory after the pacification of Dzungar had reached its peak, and the Erguna River, the Gelbiqi River and the Waixing'an Mountains were demarcated from the Russian Empire in the northeast, and this frontier stretched to the Sea of Okhotsk and Sakhalin Island; the Qing Dynasty also held Taiwan, Penghu, Hainan and the South China Sea Islands in the South China Sea. At its peak, the total area reached 13.16 million square kilometers, and by the late Qing Dynasty, it had shrunk to 11.35 million square kilometers.
The reason why the territorial territory shrank was because by the late Qing Dynasty, due to the long period of closure of the country, the powerful China was derailed from the world, and the result of blind self-confidence was to make cold weapons vulnerable in the face of foreign guns and cannons.
Since you can't defeat the invaders, you can only let others slaughter. Therefore, unequal treaties followed one after another, and the continuous compensation for the cession of land made the Already overwhelmed Qing Dynasty become precarious. For example, the Treaty of Maguan, the Treaty of Beijing, the Treaty of Tianjin, the Treaty of Nanjing, and so on. All of this is related to Japan and the Eight-Power Alliance, but in the late Qing Dynasty, the most land was cut off by Russia, which seems to be a big brother with good intentions and good intentions, and the means are not simple.
Located in the northern part of Eurasia, Russia spans two continents, with a land area of 17.0982 million square kilometers, making it the largest country in the world and a unified multi-ethnic state composed of 194 ethnic groups. Such a large territorial area, it is unimaginable that about 1.61 million square kilometers of land have been occupied from China.
How Russia has occupied so much of China's territory, several major unequal treaties are as follows:
The first unequal treaty was the Sino-Russian Treaty of Yaohun signed in 1858, in which China ceded about 600,000 square kilometers of land south of the Waixing'an Mountains and north of the Heilongjiang River.
The second unequal treaty was the Sino-Russian Treaty of Beijing in 1860, which ceded about 400,000 square kilometers of land east of the Ussuri River, including Sakhalin Island.
The third unequal treaty was the Sino-Russian Treaty of Surveying and Dividing the Northwest Boundary, which was signed in 1864, in which China ceded about 440,000 square kilometers of land south of Lake Balkhash.
From the signing of these frequent unequal treaties, it can be seen that Russia can be said to be a good hand at hitting iron while it is hot, and in just 6 years, it has directly cut off 1.44 million square kilometers of land in China. Teacher Tan's geography studio is comprehensively sorted out
Not only that, after the fall of the Qing Dynasty, it snatched away about 170,000 square kilometers of land in the Tangnu Wulianghai area in northwestern Outer Mongolia, for a total of about 1.61 million square kilometers.
In the entire history of land division, from 1858 to 1946, before the Tsarist Russia and then the Soviet Union, through military aggression and diplomatic deception, 1.7 million square kilometers of land were directly cut from China, and together with the independence of Outer Mongolia instigated by it, a total of nearly 3.3 million square kilometers of land were separated from China's embrace, accounting for a quarter of the total territory of the Qing Dynasty in its heyday.
After the founding of New China, China's overall strength slowly recovered, and the posture of a major country was once again highlighted. In order to win China together against the United States, Russia has taken the initiative to return Chinese land four times, and then we will take a look at how much territory has been returned these four times.
The first active return was at the beginning of the collapse of the former Soviet Union and the independence of Russia. Because Russia wants to demarcate the border with China, after several consultations, Russia has voluntarily returned more than 900 hectares of land, that is, 9 square kilometers of land, in the Siberian Primorsky Territory and china's northeast border.
The second voluntary return of land is still on the northeast border, located at the junction of Hunchun and Russia's Far East, and Russia has returned more than 500 hectares, that is, about 5 square kilometers of land.
The third voluntary return is located in the border area of Hassan in the northeast, and the area returned is more than 1,000 hectares, that is, about 10 square kilometers of land.
Black Blind Island division
The fourth voluntary return was about half of the area of Black Blind Island, which was about 17,100 hectares, and the largest of the four returns, about 173 square kilometers of land.
Russia has returned land four times, but we have recovered less than the size of a town, which is really unacceptable compared to the area that Russia encroached on our country at that time. But we also deeply understand that if a country wants to be self-reliant and self-reliant, it needs to become stronger continuously in order to win the respect and admiration of all countries in the world.