On December 28, Changsha, Hunan, the local area recently encountered heavy snow weather, many citizens due to road slips and falls, Changsha major hospitals have received many cases of fall patients, some hands fell bruised, some people were in wheelchairs.
First, how to carry out first aid after falling
1. Judge the injury
Determine whether it is an open wound (with a puncture) or a non-open wound. Whether there is subcutaneous congestion, whether joint function is affected, whether there are local limb deformities, whether joint activity is affected.
2. No pain does not mean that there is no fracture
Many people think that there is no fracture after falling without too much pain, which is wrong, and whether pain and fracture are not directly causal. If there are elderly people who have a compression fracture of the lumbar spine after wrestling, but the pain is not obvious; and some elderly people have a hip fracture after wrestling, but because the pain is not obvious and they can walk, they think it is okay.
Therefore, after a fall, do not take whether it is painful as the only criterion for measuring the injury, especially the elderly, it is best to go to the hospital immediately after the fall. If a fracture is confirmed, it can be fixed with a splint first; if there is bleeding, the bleeding should be stopped first, the wound should not be exposed, but it should not be bandaged too hard.
3. Do not rub the fall that is not bleeding
Some people have redness and swelling in the injured area, always thinking that rubbing can reduce the swelling, in fact, this wrong method will cause the injured area to swell more severely. If someone breaks a bone without knowing it, it may also misalign the fracture once it is rubbed. If the fracture is ruled out, and there is no allergy to the plaster, it is advisable to apply anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving plasters and smear safflower oil; but it should not be too hard when applying safflower oil, which is not good for the recovery of the injury.
After a fall, the skin has a slight bruise or sprain, bruises but no damage, should also be cold with ice cubes or cold towels; after 48 hours, you can use a hot towel to wet compresses, 15 to 20 minutes each time, three to four times a day.
4. Open wounds are sent to the hospital in time
If the wound is open, regardless of the size of the wound, it must be taken to the hospital for treatment and injected with tetanus antitoxin. Before the arrival of medical staff, the bleeding should be stopped in time, and if there is a condition, the disinfected gauze can be bandaged; if there is no condition, the wound can be bandaged with a clean cloth, and then quickly sent to the hospital for treatment. If a foreign body is pierced at the same time as the fall, do not remove it yourself, keep the foreign body relatively fixed with the body, and send it to the hospital for treatment.
Second, how to supplement for fracture patients?
1. In the early stage of fracture, that is, 1 to 2 weeks after the injury, the diet should be based on light, appetizing, easily digestible and easily absorbed foods. Such as vegetables, eggs, soy products, fruits, fish soup, lean meat, etc. The preparation method is mainly steamed or stewed.
2. In the middle of the fracture, that is, 2 to 4 weeks after the injury, the patient's appetite and gastrointestinal function are restored. The diet should be changed from light to appropriate high-nutrient supplementation to meet the needs of bone growth.
3. In the later stage of fracture, that is, more than 5 weeks after injury, the patient has no contraindications in diet, and can eat various high-nutrient foods and foods rich in calcium, phosphorus, iron and other minerals. At this time, the recipe can be accompanied by old hen soup, pork loin soup, lamb loin soup, deer tendon soup, fish soup, etc., the effect is better.