Soon after the Qing Dynasty entered the customs, it required all domestic officials and people to shave their hair in pigtails and wear Manchu crowns, and those who hesitated to disobey were punished according to the crime of conspiracy, and the "shaving order" was enforced as an ancestral system. However, during the Qianlong period, two governors were killed for shaving their hair. Everything must start with the death of Empress Fucha.
Empress Fucha had a deep affection for the Qianlong Emperor
In March of the thirteenth year of Qianlong (1748), Empress Fucha, who was deeply in love with the emperor, died, which caused great sorrow to the Qianlong Emperor. In June, the Queen's memorial service was solemnly held. According to the Qianlong Emperor's vision, the governors of the provinces, out of mourning for the empress, should enthusiastically go to the table and request to enter Beijing to attend the funeral. But what he did not expect was that most of the feudal officials did not take the empress's funeral seriously at all, and very few people invited them to the capital, which greatly disgraced the emperor.
The Qianlong Emperor was very unhappy in his heart, and ordered that the feudal officials who did not invite them to beijing, especially the Manchu governors, generals, admirals, governors, governors, and general soldiers of the provinces, be severely punished, or demoted to the second level, or sold for military merit. Therefore, the punished include Yin Jishan, the governor of Liangjiang, Khar Jishan, the governor of Fujian and Zhejiang, Sai Leng'e, the governor of Huguang, Yunzhuo, the governor of Caoyun, Gu Chun, the governor of Zhejiang, Kaitai, the governor of Jiangxi, Shuose, the governor of Henan, and Na Min, the governor of Anhui, and several other governors, totaling more than fifty Manchu civil and military officials.
Although the Qianlong Emperor severely punished many overseers, he still felt unhappy in his heart
Although these "long-hearted" overseers were severely punished, the Qianlong Emperor's injured heart was not calmed by this, and it was not long before he used the "shaving storm" to severely punish the relevant people. In this punishment, the Qianlong Emperor sacrificed far more severely than demotion, and was directly "upgraded" to exile or execution.
According to the old Custom of the Manchus, during the Empress's great funeral, the courtiers were not allowed to shave their hair for 100 days, in order to show that they were immersed in grief and had no time to clean up their appearance. However, this kind of harsh regulation is used to restrain the royal family, but if you let all the ministers in the world follow you, it will seem very impersonal. At first, the officials, intimidated by the emperor's power, did not dare to publicly violate the prohibition, but after a long time, they finally felt that their appearance was hindered, and gradually began to violate the prohibition behind their backs.
Because after the death of the Yongzheng Emperor that year, many officials did not follow the old customs, and they had already shaved their hair within a hundred days, and the Qianlong Emperor did not pursue it, so after the death of Empress Fucha, many officials shaved their heads before the deadline expired. However, what they never expected was that this time, the Qianlong Emperor was actually more real, and the first "unlucky egg" to suffer was Jin Wenol, the prefect of Jinzhou.
Empress Fucha's funeral was less than 100 days old, and many officials shaved their hair
Jin Wenol was reported for shaving his head within 100 days, and the Qianlong Emperor was furious when he heard the news, and ordered him to be imprisoned and strictly interrogated, and the Punishment Department, fearing the emperor's obscenity, sentenced Jin Wenol to a "beheading prisoner" (that is, beheading suspended execution). Unexpectedly, the emperor was not at all satisfied with this verdict, believing that Shangshu Sheng'an of the Punishment Department was suspected of "favoritism", and even put him in prison.
Thirteen years later, Empress Xiaoxian collapsed, the story, the country was met, and the courtiers should shave their hair after a hundred days. Jinzhou prefect Jin Wenol was impeached for violating the system, arrested the Punishment Department, and planned to be beheaded. The upper thought it was improper, and blamed Shang Shu Sheng An for selling his reputation and giving heavy reprimand. See Draft History of the Qing Dynasty, Biography of Selen Forehead.
Jin Wen's case had not yet been concluded, and the Qianlong Emperor soon discovered that Zhou Xuejian, the governor of Jiangnan River, and Sai Leng'e, the governor of Huguang, had even known the law and had broken the law, and they were furious and thunderous, scolding them for "disobeying their hearts and rebelling, not only daring to break the law, and their subordinate officials abandoning and following the same example, abandoning the common contempt, and becoming the wind from top to bottom, which is deeply frightening" (see Records of Emperor Gaozong of the Qing Dynasty).
Zhou Xuejian and Sai Leng'e were killed by the Qianlong Emperor because they shaved their hair within 100 days
Because Zhou Xuejian and Sai Leng were governors and had a special influence compared to Jin Wen'er, the Qianlong Emperor decided to severely punish them. In the end, Selen was beheaded by the Lower Punishment Department, and the Qianlong Emperor "blessed" him to commit suicide. As for Zhou Xuejian, he was initially deposed from his home and punished for hard labor, but soon he was found guilty of corruption and was ordered to die by the emperor. At this point, the execution of the two governors for "shaving their hair" was really appalling.
In addition to Zhou Xuejian and Sai Leng, the feudal governors who were found to have committed the same crimes were also Yang Xifu, the inspector of Hunan, and Peng Shukui, the inspector of Hubei. However, for these two people, the Qianlong Emperor did not raise the butcher's knife, but only dismissed them from their posts.
Zhou Xuejian, the governor of Jiangsu Province, shaved his hair like a manool, and ordered him to arrest and cure... At that time, Sai Leng's forehead was also shaved, and The Inspector of Hubei, Peng Shukui, the Inspector of Hunan, Yang Xifu, and all the subordinate officials followed... Because of the interpretation of Wen Alcohol, Kuan Xuejian, all sent straight subordinates to repair the city to redeem themselves. Tree Aoi and Xi Qi mistakenly went from Therain's forehead, and Tin Fu and persuaded Selen to report it, all of which were guilty of loans; they were ordered to be divided into trees to repair the city and show a thin punishment. Selen foreheaded to the Punishment Department, and decided to be executed. The above said: "The ancestors are customized, the kings and subjects are righteous, and the disobedience is unforgivable!" Taking Shang as an old courtier, he ordered the proclamation to commit suicide. Ibid.
After the "shaving storm", the Qianlong Emperor became more and more severe
After the "shaving storm", the hundred officials were afraid of the emperor like a tiger, and then became more cowardly. The Qianlong Emperor found "pleasure" in this experience of violence, and after that, he began to become arrogant to the group of courtiers, scolding and reprimanding and arbitrarily humiliating him if he was not satisfied, and the principle of "courtesy to the king's envoys" vigorously advocated by Confucius was completely destroyed by the emperor.