In history, the clothing of officials is not the same as the clothing of ordinary people, in the Shang Zhou Dynasty, there was already a government in our country, although the government at that time did not really centralize power, but there was already a clear concept of hierarchy, in order to distinguish from ordinary people, officials must wear some special clothing.
The costumes of imperial court officials are also divided into different categories, such as wearing one kind when the dynasty is in the upper dynasty, and when the country has a major event, it will also wear other costumes, and there is also a point, that is, in the daily office travel, the clothes worn are naturally to change others, and an official may have several sets of clothes.
There are also differences between the costumes of local officials and the central government, according to different grades, there are many types of official uniforms in the dprk, and there are essential differences between civilian officials and military attaches, so what are the characteristics of the Official Costumes of the Qin Dynasty as the first feudal centralized dynasty? A Qin Dynasty official, the imperial dress is generally a crown, clothes and shoes, ring around these parts, each has a different regulations, this is to reflect the identity of the master. The Qin people advocate black, so the emperor's clothing is black and red, the average person can not use this color, usually more than three products these are the high officials in the dynasty, their main clothing color is green, other officials are mainly black.
One of the characteristics of the costume is the use of the most atmospheric wide robe sleeves, people at that time felt that the robe is the most noble kind of clothing, so the imperial dress is made in accordance with such a category, the identity of the official has a different difference in the cuffs, generally the more honorable the official, their cuffs will be embroidered with exquisite patterns. In addition to these clothes, officials wore book knives and mountain crowns on their heads. After Qin Shi Huang himself was proclaimed emperor, he considered himself to be the god of the world, and from the perspective of his style of behavior, Qin Shi Huang was very concerned about his own majesty, and he must also pay attention to the majesty of the imperial court, so the requirements for the dress of officials would also be very high.
The court of the Qin Dynasty did not have such a strict grading system, and later the Nine Pins Zhongzheng system only appeared during the Wei and Jin Dynasties, so the early Qin Dynasty officials, their grading was not so clear, except for a few of these officials, the difference in clothing of others was not very large.
The costumes of the military generals are better, the Qin people have the customs of martial arts, and have always attached great importance to military attaches, after all, Qin is a military power in the world, relying on force to smoothly unify the world, and now in the Qin Dynasty Terracotta Warriors, these clay figurines just unearthed are brightly colored, and the above are very good to reflect the costume characteristics of the soldiers and officers of the Qin Dynasty, but unfortunately, after these pottery figurines came out, it did not take long for the color on them to gradually fade and become the appearance we see now. However, this is of great help to us in studying the military uniforms of the Qin Dynasty, the professionalization of the Qin Army is still good, and the armor of the military attaches in battle is also very complete.
Because the military technology at that time was not so developed, iron tools were scarce resources, so the armor of the generals was not so much, just a part of the armor, covered in the abdomen and back, covering some key parts, there were no nail pieces in other places, most of these clothes were old silk coats made of hemp, which was very different from the later cotton clothes.
However, this was already very good clothes at that time, the warriors often needed to go to the battlefield to fight, for them, wearing even the best clothes is useless, it is not as good as more armor pieces, at least can protect their own body, but unfortunately the conditions at that time were really bad, there was no way to create better armor. Regardless of the civilian and military uniforms, they also reflect an important feature, that is, simplicity, the Qin people themselves are in the west, the Guanzhong at that time was not a good place, it was considered to be an uncivilized barbaric area, and qin in such a place was naturally considered to be an unpopular country.
Therefore, the Qin people were relatively less affected by the Central Plains civilization, they were good at fighting, and they did not pay attention to any etiquette in the court in peacetime, after the reform of Shang Martin and others, the Qin Dynasty began to have order and gradually developed. But qin land resources are scarce, even the most advanced system is difficult to change this problem, the successive Qin monarchs are very focused on frugality, in the clothing does not pay attention to what luxury, or based on practicality, if it is not easy to use clothes, in the Qin Dynasty is difficult to continue.
Official uniforms are the same, officials at that time need to use official uniforms on many occasions, but if this set of clothes is designed too complex, it will be bound to the actions of officials, so the wide robes and large sleeves make them relatively relaxed when they act, and it is also convenient to change, in the court, whether it is a ceremony or an official playing, a light dress will not affect them, otherwise it will be in danger of life in front of the monarch.
The official clothes of the Qin Dynasty were also influenced by some of the Zhou Dynasty, and in the design of official uniforms, they also began to pay more attention to the pattern, clothing color, pattern and crown belt are important factors in judging a person's identity, otherwise you wear a beggar's dress, even if you look like a big official, few people will believe you. The Qin Dynasty had strict laws and many requirements for officials, and under this strict law, the order of the court was gradually developed, which also laid a solid foundation for the etiquette system of the later Han Dynasty. Compared with the officials in the capital, the local officials are somewhat miserable, their official uniforms are relatively simple, and some of the officials under the officials are not considered regular establishments, so it is also difficult to get official uniforms.
In ancient times, there were also requirements for the production of official uniforms, which were uniformly produced by the imperial court, and then distributed to these officials, once you retired or were deposed and demoted, or even killed, the official uniforms on your body had to be returned to the imperial court. The number of officials in the imperial court was limited, but the production of different official uniforms was also a big expense, and Qin Shi Huang was not afraid to spend money in these matters related to the face of the country. Although the Qin official clothes are relatively low-key and do not pursue luxury like the Han and Tang Dynasties, compared with the previous Spring and Autumn Warring States, the Qin official clothes can be said to be quite gorgeous. In the court, in addition to officials, there are some special people, that is, the clan room and the xungui, these people's clothing is naturally different from some officials, the general xungui, the clan room does not have the opportunity to go to the court, but in some major ceremonies, they will naturally appear, and some of the xungui themselves hold some positions in the dprk, they also belong to a kind of official.
If they were officials, they would naturally wear the same costumes as their ranks, and on some important occasions, these people would wear large dresses made according to their titles. Different occasions to wear different clothes, this concept has been very practical until now, the Qin Dynasty for the unification of official clothing, is an important node of ancient clothing culture, before the various countries are independent of each other, they themselves have their own costumes, these officials on the court, the costumes on the body are also different, after unification, in order to show that the central government has control over the whole country, the emperor naturally wants to abolish the previous types of official uniforms, re-create a set of official costumes of the Qin Dynasty, The advantage of unity is that the world is ordered, and if it develops according to the order, civilization can continue forever.
Unfortunately, the existence of the Qin Dynasty is still too short, Qin Shi Huang and others have created a lot of systems, but unfortunately they have just been created, many aspects have not really been implemented, the result of the Qin Dynasty is so extinct, the world fell into chaos, fortunately, the later Han Dynasty continued a lot of their institutional traditions, so as to bring the country back on the right track.
The characteristics of Qin's official clothes have undergone some changes in the Han Dynasty, from the original simple and practical, to luxury, after all, the Han Dynasty's domestic stability has long been stable, people's living conditions are better, and the country's prosperity and strength are reflected in these official uniforms. Now people for the Qin Dynasty official uniforms are not very understanding, after all, the official clothes of this kind of thing, it is difficult to preserve, more or should look at some mural sculptures to speculate on the restoration, after the death of the general official, few people can take the official clothes with the burial, which leads to the lack of corresponding research data in later generations, for the understanding of the Qin Dynasty officials' clothing customs have a certain impact.
Reference: "Chinese Clothing and Costume Dictionary"