The number and historical depth of bridges, the richness of bridge types, the technical difficulty of bridge structure, and the beauty of bridge design itself all play an important role in urban aesthetics on the basis of carrying traffic.
How to build bridges to be beautiful? From December 13th to 14th, the "2021 Bridge and Tunnel Development And Technology Innovation Conference and Bridge and Tunnel Innovation Achievements Exhibition" was held in Chongqing, and bridge experts from all over the country gathered in Shancheng to talk about the aesthetic trend of future bridges.
Li Yadong: Listen to the opinions of the public
Due to economic development, people's aesthetic level has been improved, and there are new requirements for the aesthetics of roads and bridges.
In the view of Li Yadong, a professor at Southwest Jiaotong University, public goods have a characteristic: spend taxpayers' money to do things for everyone, "Therefore, the design of public goods should pay attention to both aesthetics and economic practicality, and spend money on the 'blade'." Li Yadong said that unlike hospitals and clubs, bridges are a very special public good, it is not closed, it is open to all the public.
"Bridges are often more expensive to build, don't take 'new and peculiar' as beauty, the bridges built should be able to withstand and withstand looking." Li Yadong said that bridges cannot be thrown away after wearing them for a few days without wanting them, like fashionable clothes.
How do you build a beautiful bridge? Li Yadong said that each bridge will be tendered at the time of design, and a large number of teams at home and abroad will provide design solutions. At the time of bid evaluation, there are experts in the expert group of bridges, architecture, history, culture, cities, etc., and the plans they evaluate will meet the engineering standards, "the top three can be selected, and then let the people vote, and the final aesthetic authority will be handed over to the citizens." ”
Zeng Qiang: Learn the beauty of curves from nature
"From the perspective of aesthetics, curves are flexible, curves are vitality, curves are beauty." Zeng Qiang, dean of the School of Art and Design at Chongqing Jiaotong University, said that bridge architecture should learn from nature and learn the smooth beauty of lines.
He took the Qianpumen Bridge as an example for a recent analysis. China's cross-river bridge is relatively wide, six lanes, eight lanes or even wider, if the Qianpumen Bridge is done according to the wider bridge, it will appear "too fat and too fat", can not achieve the effect of beautiful streamline. In the end, the bridge chose four lanes, this streamlined bridge tower, which appears elegant in color, soft in line, very chic, and minimizes the obstruction of the line of sight.
"In addition, the cable angle of the Qianpumen Bridge is also very exquisite, which looks very comfortable." In Zeng Qiang's view, many excellent designers at home and abroad are inspired by nature, and the beauty of the bridge should also learn from the form in nature and maintain the beauty of the lines.
He suggested that in the design process of the bridge, it should try to avoid the simple superposition behavior for the sake of design, increase the consumables of the bridge, increase the burden of the people, and in addition, make the bridge look bloated and unsightly.
Chen Zhaohui: New technologies and new materials make the bridge "disappear"
With the advent of new technologies and materials, large-span bridges will become more and more slender and thinner, making the bridge "disappear".
Chen Zhaohui, a professor at Chongqing University, said that the span of the large-span bridge is very large, which determines its limited shape. Make the bridge look slender, the most critical support behind is the new material, followed by the new analysis technology, "now the new digital analysis method can do space modeling analysis, from the mechanical point of view, the real satisfaction of space is the most reasonable use of materials, behind which is the design method, material properties and construction methods are not up to date." ”
In addition, she believes that the design of bridges is not as thin as possible, the thinner the better, which has a lot to do with different cultures, "For example, the common aesthetic of Chinese is 'just right', more, less, not beautiful." ”
Therefore, when technology and materials can make the bridge "disappear", it is also necessary to consider the slenderness of the bridge according to different cultural backgrounds, so that it conforms to the aesthetics of the public.
Upstream journalist Chen Zhu