"The Biography of the Painter" ~ 165th
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="2" > Zhu Derun drew with books, Kaoru was rich and noble, and Houlu was not counted behind him. </h1>
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Lu Xiuhui
Zhu Derun (1294-1365), courtesy name Zemin, was a native of Suiyangshan and Mingjie, a native of Pingjiang (present-day Suzhou, Jiangsu). Shiju Suiyang (present-day Shangqiu, Henan).
In a person's life, he must meet a noble person. All those who succeed will have the help of nobles. Those who have no noble help will be silent in the dust, without exception.
Zhu Derun has unlimited encounters in his life!
His first encounter was his teacher Yao Shi.
Yao Shi is one of the "Eight Friends of Wuxing" and is a student of Huzhou Shuo Ru Ao Jigong. He and Zhao Mengfu studied with Ao Jigong, who had a great influence, and one of his "Ritual Collections" was the lord of the "Ritual Ceremony" of Yuanming. Yao Shi passed on the study of etiquette to Ao Jigong, and then passed this learning on Zhu Derun. Zhu Derun studied the Zhou Li the most, and he also learned poetry and calligraphy from Yao Shi.
Zhu Derun's second life encounter was Gao Kegong.
Zhu Derun once said in the "Sequel to Cunfu Zhai": "In the Imperial Celebration, the servant was taught by Mr. Yao Zijing of Kagawa (Wuxing), and Mr. Yao Zijing said: The art is completed, which is enough to cover up the virtue, and the guard against painting diligently. Shi Yan respected Gao Hou (Gao Kegong) to, see the servant Lang Han, Mr. Yu said: Yes, the painting is also successful, Mr. Don't stop it. Dyed by the sun and the moon, I don't feel that I have fallen into art. Zhu Derun said in the poem "Spring Twilight Feeling Nostalgia":
Xinyi flowers fall Fang Lin Jing,
The cry of the birds is dry.
Warm wind and rain green shade,
Plum's heart was still aching.
The book window will sleep without evidence,
The dream of the old mountain is green and magnificent.
In his lifetime, he has his own spring stone thoughts,
There is no such thing as a name.
Kaoru heavenly rich and noble that foot,
Houlu was not counted behind him.
Broken Wall Hair House Laughing Wang Ya,
The name of the good abandonment is like a detachment.
Yao Shi believes that "the art is enough to cover up the virtue", and does not think much of Zhu Derun's diligence in painting, fortunately, Gao Kegong affirms it. It can be seen from this that Yao Shiyi looks good, and Gao Kegong is wise and discerning, and from this incident, yao gao and gao are set. Although Yao Shi had a talented name, he was always in the hometown; Gao Kegong was known for his paintings, and Gao Kegong sat in the position of Shangshu of the Punishment Department. Gao Kegong and Yao Shi had a deep friendship with the chancellor and persuaded the chancellor to recommend Yao Shi Qipin for official positions. However, he did not pass the pass of the official department and was rejected by the official department.
Zhu Derun's third life encounter was from Zhao Mengfu, the leader of the literary alliance.
In 1319, when Zhu Derun was touring Dadu (present-day Beijing), although his uncle Zhao Mengfu was unable to recommend him to an official position, he must have affirmed his literary talents, especially in calligraphy and painting, and played an absolute role in promoting Zhu Derun's influence on the literary world.
Although Zhao Mengfu was an official to Yipin, because he was a southerner, he did not have the right to recommend people to join the army. His student Tang Di was ma Xu, who was born in the northern Cizhou Prefecture and was born in the Shangshu of the Punishment Department, and was admitted to the throne by Yanyou chu who recommended Renzong.
In 1308, the Zhenjiang calligrapher and painter Guo Qi went to Hangzhou to seek to become a scholar, and everywhere he looked for someone to ask for help, but he could not succeed, and after being very frustrated, after being instructed, he asked zhao Mengfu, who was in charge of leadership and then a Confucian scholar in Zhejiang, and although Zhao Mengfu promised Guo Qi to care, he was still powerless.
What Zhao Mengfu did best for Zhu Derun was to introduce him to Wang Zhang, who was known as King Shen. Zhu Derun's poem "Official Buying Fields" says:
Officially buying fields,
Buy Tian reminisces from Yan Yu Nian.
The official pays for the loss of Li Zheng,
To buy the cream is the best.
Don't ask about the drought of the years of desolation,
The grain of the mu must be half a stone.
The farmer has no harvest to pay,
Selling children and wives is enough.
Every year a good official is levied,
The official collection of rice prices still helps money.
Not military reserves and officials,
The Changning Temple offers a feast.
The monks of the temple are full of red hats,
I don't know about farming, drought and wilderness.
Li is accompanying the grain family to the ruins,
Peeling the mallet is hard to get rid of.
The whole world is the king's land,
Tax officials are the editors.
Spring and Autumn Festivals in the Temple,
The Changning monk's meal is really what to make up.
Taiwan does not advise, the province does not speak,
I don't know the dry day of Yao Tang Water,
He once taught people's grain several thousand stones.
Zhu Derun's fifth life encounter was from Wang Zhang, who was known as King Shen.
Wang Zhang was the 26th monarch of the Goryeo Dynasty. Dade ascended the throne in the second year (1298) and remained in China for ten years. For his meritorious contribution to the ascension of Emperor Wuzong of Yuan, he was made the King of Shenyang (later renamed King Shen) by the Yuan Dynasty, and was again crowned king of Goryeo in the first year of the Great Yuan, and after his restoration, he mainly controlled the government by passing on the will of the Yuan Dynasty. In the second year of Emperor Qing's reign (1313), Zen was placed in the son Wang Tao (King Zhongsu of Goryeo).
Wang Zhang had substantial political power, and his recommendation had an immediate effect and was effective immediately. Emperor Renzong summoned Zhu Derun at the Jade Virtue Hall and immediately conferred the post of Ying Feng Hanlin Script, Tongzhi Zhizhen (同知制诰), and editor of the National History Academy. The following year, he was also "awarded the Confucian Elevation of Zhongshu Province in the Eastern Journey of Zhendong". When Zhao Mengfu got the same position, it was 13 years after entering the army. Zhu Derun's official fortunes were so prosperous, it was entirely dependent on the strong recommendation of Wang Zhang, the powerful Shen Wang Zhang, which showed that Wang Zhang's ability.
Shen Wang Zhang was also a literati who entertained himself with "book history", built a "Ten Thousand Scrolls Hall" in the mansion of the Yuan Capital, and often studied poetry, calligraphy and painting with Chinese celebrities in Zhongya Collection. He also specially summoned the Goryeo literati Li Qixian and others to Dadu. As a result, Zhu Derun had many contacts with the literati and scholars of Goryeo and established a fairly close relationship with Li Qixian, who had a saying that "once upon a time with Gusu Zhu Derun, every view barrier yanshidong" was established. Zhu Derun said in a poem entitled "The Dust Of the Horse Hidden by Zhang Shengzheng":
Mao Zhong, the Prince of Sheng Tang,
The Eight Fang Detachment moved three flowers.
At that time, the painting horse was called Cao Han,
Rutsu appears as a true dragon species.
Jade flowers shine in the night to compete for the new Yan,
A horse rolling dust mane tail fresh.
Head held high by gold wire,
Sweat and blood roll sand produce day smoke.
Hanlin Miao's writing does not reduce the ancient,
The famous koma is dyed with Aohaosu.
King Yanyou rewards juncai,
The golden plate gives the opening of Dangning.
Shi Qing is full of lily,
Why should the Han Dynasty call it Wowa.
Wang Liangxing, don't be angry,
Leap into the sky.
After Emperor Yingzong ascended the throne, King Shen was rebuked by Emperor Yingzong and sent out, and the empress dowager ordered Zhu Derun to go south with King Shen to Tiantong Temple in Ningbo, and in the seventh year of Yanyou (1320), Emperor Yingzong imprisoned Wang Zhang.
After King Shen lost power, Zhu Derun actively sought the opportunity to be appreciated by the newly succeeded Emperor Yingzong. In the second month of the lunar calendar in 1322, Emperor Yingzong went hunting in Liulin, and when he was staying at Shou'an Mountain, Jixian University's ShiTai Sidu and Xueshi Zhilu recommended Zhu Derun to Emperor Yingzong. Emperor Yingzong summoned Zhu Derun, who presented "Snow Hunting Fu" and "Snow Hunting Map". Zhu Derun stated his story in the preface to "Snow Hunting": "In the second year of the reign, in the spring and February, both looking forward to it, when the snow was first born, the Son of Heaven was in the willow forest. Also, Xingshou Anshan, Ming Jixian University Scholar Minister Tai Si Du, Bachelor Minister Neck Brother Zhi Law, Meritorious Deputy Envoy Three Dan Ban Summoning Junior Minister Zhu Derun Tu and Endowed it. "Zhu Derun served Yuan Renzong and Yuan Yingzong in the two dynasties. During the reign of Emperor Renzong, because of his protector King Shen, Zhu Derun lived a prosperous life, and later because King Shen was degraded by Emperor Yingzong, Zhu Derun was at a loss, but fortunately Emperor Yingzong showed favor, and the official rank was also raised from Wupin. However, soon after the assassination of Emperor Yingzong, Zhu Derun completely lost his dependence, and he really had no choice but to return to Jiangnan and chose the hermit life of "returning an official to the old heavenly palace and releasing ships for the autumn of Zhejiang". This concealment, hidden for thirty years, remained hidden until old age and death.
When he returned to his hometown, Yu Ji, Yuan Jue, Kang Li and others insisted on staying, and he said to his friends: "Return to drink the water of the Three Rivers and eat Wu Men Shuhu." He is an ambitious man politically, and his career is an external thing for him that "the slaughterer does not have me", and when he cannot show his ambition, he thinks of "drinking the water of the three rivers" and "gaining his studies without seeking to be heard".
Chinese painting was painted with books and developed into the Yuan Dynasty, which became a major consensus among literati painters. The freehand nature of calligraphy can better express the connotation and interest of painting, and can better reflect the Song people's pursuit of "heart and teacher creation". Zhao Mengfu proposed that "the cloud mountains everywhere are my teacher", such as Zhu Derun said: "Looking at the situation of mountains and rivers and forests far and near, I feel the changes in the grass and trees in spring and summer, and the morning is clear and the sunset is dusk, far and near, light and close." Zhu Derun has "Two Small Pictures with Humble Titles", poem Yun:
One
Bishan high yin cen, the old erection abrupt.
Lan Guang waited, looming in the dense forest.
There are beautiful people in the empty valley, and Hu Ning wants to serve.
Second
Beckoning to hold the stratigraphic rock, the appendix emerges from the void.
Slightly misty, turned to Cang Lin Jing.
The guest is even more so, helping the flute to stomp on the clouds.
The calligraphy of painting, in foreign painting, does not have this problem. In Chinese painting, this is a big issue related to Chinese painting. Before the Yuan painting, the Song painting was carved realistically and too rigorously; after the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming painting was frivolous and too arrogant. And yuan painting, because the literati painters of the Yuan Dynasty are mostly proficient in calligraphy, so the yuan painting can be most retracted and placed. The performance of the technique and the publicity of the personality, everything is not exciting, just right. One by one, he refused to fight for the burden of moving forward, and he had already attained the Daoist realm. He said in the poem "The Picture of the Immortal Mountain for Zhao Yan Zhaofu":
The Mountain of Emptiness Dai DouJi,
Stacked ridges stretch out the stones.
Cuiya DanLei mutually low,
The compound pavilion layer turns empty and blue.
The peach blossoms fall silently,
Double into the blowing jade color luan praise.
Across the phoenix clouds to go without a trace,
Qing Ape Cries Fault Cliff Autumn.
The glow of the light is hidden in the mountains,
The sea is vast and misty.
The old fairy greets,
Mistakenly fell on the earth for thousands of years.
Wu Zhengyue War can be counted,
Shu Shu wanted to ask Taoyuan Road.
Draw a picture of the empty sight to avoid the Qin people,
The fishermen across the water do not care about each other.
Zhu Derun's calligraphy, like many calligraphers of the Yuan dynasty, was influenced by Zhao Mengfu. His calligraphy, Wang Xizhi, paid attention to the subtleties with his pen, and the knotted characters expressed were extremely elegant. His teacher Yao Shi also gave him great influence, in calligraphy his shoucheng is greater than his ability to innovate, influenced by painting, in the pursuit of sparse space and simplicity.
Zhu Derun's "Xiuye Xuantu" volume, on paper, ink and light color, 28.3 cm in length and 210 cm in width. At the end of the picture, Zhu Derun self-knowledge: "On April 10, the twenty-fourth year of the reign of Jiachen (1364), the Suiyang Shan people were seventy-one years old. Zhu Dehuan side by side. "After the plutonium privately printed both sides. It is the late work of Zhu Shi before his death. It is a picture of the pingyuan scenery of the mountains and rivers in Jiangnan, and there are literati sitting in the study between the mountains and forests, with rough and indulgent brushwork, simple ink color, and a vast meaning. The painter boldly transformed the brush and ink of Li Cheng and Guo Xi of the Northern Song Dynasty in depicting the northern landscape into a modeling language that expressed the jiangnan style, and rubbed into the aesthetic interest of the literati. The calligraphy in the painting is "Xiuye Xuan", which paints the literati's study and activities in The Jiashan Xiushui, which is a new landscape painting theme in this period, which directly affects the aesthetic orientation of wu landscape painting in the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties.
Lu Xiuhui has a poem "Praise for suiyang mountain people", poem yun:
Loyal dogs meet good pastures,
You can be a subject.
There are cranes and courts that meet your stars,
Park Hou can be called Kuan Ren.
The liturgy is as wide as the water,
Katsuyasu Tadashi Waka aijin.
Once met Zhao Ziang,
Only then did I know that king Zhang was more expensive than silver.
Confucian Emperor Kowtow,
A pint is not a small number of people.
Abandoning officials and returning to the old green mountains is good,
Taihu Lake put boats in the quiet wind and dust.
Thirty years of returning to the food,
The pen is dusty and springy.
Yun Shan I master Grass and Wood Rong,
Directly to the Yangtze River Yujin Chen.
Wait to see the creek,
Illness hinders Mei's body.
Pear blossom late to sunny,
Idle clouds obscured the clouds.
Under the storm of pen and ink,
Defensive compassion in the mood of the ups and downs.
A ditch of dust is overflowing with beauty,
The last old Lin Quan was ashamed of the poet.