Sun Yat-sen's life was closely linked to Macau, which was his first step to the world and an important base for his revolutionary career.
Born in 1866 in The Xiangshan District near Macau, Sun Yat-sen's father, Sun Da, was a sharecropper from a poor family, working as a tailor and shoemaker in Macau in his early years. Sun Yat-sen had a brother and a sister in his family, and his sister was born when he was five years old.
In 1871, his brother Sun Mei went to work in Honolulu (Hawaii) and soon became a local rich man.
(Sun Yat-sen's elder brother Sun Mei, who became the richest man in the region in six years)
In 1878, Sun Yat-sen left his hometown for the first time from Macau to Honolulu, and the foreign culture had a great impact on his thinking. Sun Yat-sen later narrated himself: "When I first saw the wonder of the ship and the vastness of the sea, I had the heart of Muxi learning and the idea of poor heaven and earth. ”
In 1883, Sun Yat-sen was forced to leave his hometown and go from Macau to Hong Kong to study because of his opposition to superstition and the destruction of idols.
During dr. Sun Yat-sen's studies, he often traveled back and forth between Hong Kong and Macao. Among them, he and his classmates Chen Shaobai, Yang Heling and You Lie often talked about current affairs in Hong Kong and Macao, and because of their fierce speeches, they were called the "Four Great Kou" by the people at the time.
(From left, Yang Heling, Sun Yat-sen, Chen Shaobai, And You Lie, and the latter is Guan Jingliang)
In 1890, Sun Yat-sen wrote a letter to The Retired Western bureaucrat Zheng Zaoru in Macao, advocating following the example of Western reforms, establishing peasant mulberries, banning opium, and popularizing education.
Zheng Guanying and Sun Yat-sen are both from Xiangshan and have a very good friendship, especially when Zheng Guanying lived in seclusion in Macao, the two had frequent exchanges.
(Zheng Guanying was an Enlightenment thinker in modern China, and his "Dangerous Words of the Prosperous World" is one of the most influential works in modern China.)
Sun Yat-sen's "Agricultural Gong" and "Shang Zhan" were also included in Zheng Guanying's "Dangerous Words of the Prosperous World". However, after Sun Yat-sen embarked on the revolutionary road, the two gradually became estranged.
In 1892, Sun Yat-sen graduated from the Hong Kong Western Medical College with "the best" grades and obtained a master's degree in medicine. Soon after, he was invited by Macau Mirror Lake Hospital to serve as a volunteer medical seat, and gave free medical treatment, becoming the first Chinese Western doctor in Macau.
In December, Sun Yat-sen borrowed money from Jinghu Hospital to open a Chinese and Western pharmacy in Macao, practiced medicine on his own, and concurrently served as a volunteer medical seat at Jinghu Hospital, secretly carrying out revolutionary propaganda activities.
(Jinghu Hospital and Sun Yat-sen statue)
Sun Yat-sen co-founded the "Mirror Sea Series Newspaper" with the Macau Native Portuguese Fei Nandi, which published a weekly article advocating revolution written by Sun Yat-sen, which was the first news newspaper of the revolutionaries in the late Qing Dynasty.
However, due to the exclusion of Portuguese medicine in Macau, Dr. Sun Yat-sen was forced to leave Macau in 1893 and go to Guangzhou to practice medicine. But Macau's Chinese and Western Pharmacy remained an important revolutionary stronghold, and the Mirror Lake Newspaper continued to operate.
(Jinghai Cong)
After leaving Macau, Sun Yat-sen began to seek his own revolutionary path. In 1894, Sun Yat-sen established the Xingzhong Association and planned an armed uprising in Guangzhou.
In 1895, when the Guangzhou Uprising failed, Sun Yat-sen cut his braids and changed his clothes, dressed as a woman, and went to Honolulu with the help of the Portuguese Fei Nandi, and began his overseas exile from then on.
(Founded in 1905, the League was the most important organization to overthrow the Qing Dynasty.)
Macau has always had an important place in the revolution that followed, and due to the secure political environment in Macau, many secret offices were built in Macau. Most of Sun Yat-sen's relatives also lived in Macau.
After the Xinhai Revolution, Sun Yat-sen also went to Macao to attend the welcome meeting, during which he revisited the Mirror Lake Hospital where he used to work.
(Sun Yat-sen's Chinese and Western Pharmacy in Macau)
It was not until the establishment of the Nationalist government in Guangzhou that Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary activities were less connected to Macau.
Sun Yat-sen's life was closely related to Macau, which was his first stop to the world and the starting point of his career, with many of his footprints in Macau.
(Portrait of Sun Yat-sen, Father of the Nation)
After Sun Yat-sen's death, a memorial service was held at The Mirror Lake Hospital in Macau, which was paid to more than 20,000 people, one-fifth of Macau's population, and the largest memorial service in Macao's history.
Later, in honor of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, Macao established the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall and the Dr. Sun Yat-sen Municipal Memorial Park, which were the first Chinese statues in Macao.
(Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hall in Macau)
#澳门上头条 #
#历史 #
#孙中山 #