Fieldwork is used in many humanities and social sciences. Including folklore and literature. In our country. Since May Fourth, folklore and literature and art have been allied, and at that time it was determined by the goals of the New Culture Movement. In the subsequent new-democratic and socialist revolutions, the two have been linked in one way or another. In the late 20th century, modern methodologies emerged, and the two sometimes went hand in hand in some parts.
One of the manifestations of folklore is folklore, and one of the knowledge of literature is folklore. Folklore and philology have too many of the same resources, the same imaginations, the same ideas, the same tasks, and the same types of religion, ritual, and style, which make them intertwined, influencing, changing, growing, and dissipating. Therefore, the study of them, folklore and literature, also have a natural connection, and they have much in common with each other. It can be analyzed using the types of folklore shared and experienced by members of the ethnic group. The two disciplines also have similarities in the methods of research on related objects. For literature and art, it is very important and very difficult to study the internal structure of literary phenomena. The process of its creation and processing, such content, needs to be solved with the help of folklore methods; Folk events also have their own internal structure, which needs to be promoted by borrowing the method of literature and art, and its poetic characteristics and performance style can be found from it. When we study this distinctive element of folklore, we are often studying its literature, and the analytical method of literature and art can be extended to folklore. However, the method of literature and art can only discover the poetic phenomena of folklore and the laws of folklore, but it cannot explain them. The method of folklore, in the analysis of literary and artistic works, also needs to be transformed through intermediaries, in order to become the folklore perspective of literary and artistic scholars, rather than direct exchange. In modern academic history, the theory of fieldwork can make the two sides complement each other's strengths.
The field positioning in the theory of self-field operation says that it is an important issue in opening up folklore and literature and art. The meaning of field positioning. It refers to the relativization of scholars' knowledge in academic research work, and the individual as part of the research object, so as to facilitate the effective analysis and interpretation of the object culture of the data. The doctrine constructed around it can study the historical relationship between the two disciplines of folklore and literature and art. It is also possible to analyze the intersection of the two disciplines in modern operation, and to reflect on and look forward to the scholars' analysis of folklore and literary and artistic works. In recent years, disciplines with strong objectivity, such as folklore, have paid great attention to the problem of field positioning, and disciplines with a strong sense of subjectivity, such as literature and art, have also begun to intervene in such practices. For a while, people talked a lot about fieldwork. Of course, this kind of discussion is titled with the word "field" and refers narrowly to field investigation and field research. There are other theories of fieldwork that underpin it, with a deep background in the modern history of folklore and anthropology. Among them, Field Positioning said that it is particularly pulling to create a dialogue platform for different disciplines. It also allows us to enter from this and discover the role of the overall theory of fieldwork in the construction of different disciplines, so. We need to focus on its ideas and the detailed methods of connecting with it.
It is generally believed that the origin of the field positioning theory can be traced back to Malinowski. From Ma's experience, a scholar can only position himself on the level of "closeness" to the subject of research, and get rid of curiosity, discrimination, and even antagonism. only to be eligible to interpret the cultural information of the object. He wrote in his diary. His relationship with the Trobrine Islanders reached this level at the time. "The locals come to see me every day, and they are no longer novelty due to my presence." "They treat me as part of their lives." This self-consciousness in his field orientation has inspired both traditional and modern scholars.
Most of the Chinese folklorists are from the Department of Literature, and there are more than one case of those who have shifted from literary and art studies to folklore researchers. In the experimental field of humanities and social sciences - fieldwork research, both disciplines have achieved certain results. In the research and practice of field positioning theory, the delicate and mature analysis of ideological data of some literary and art scholars has been implicit in the analysis of folk culture, so that the methods of literature and art and folklore are integrated. It can provide a starting point for literary and artistic scholars who love folklore, and can also give full play to the traditional advantages of folklore scholars born in literature and art. However, it is important to grasp the proportions of fieldwork theory and field positioning, and to be good at processing mature materials with raw materials, in order to be able to navigate between the two disciplines, otherwise it will not be related to cross-research.