There is a record in the Biography of Zhou Enlai, which reads: "When Zhou Enlai came to Hong Kong, his illness was still very serious. Suffering from falciparum malaria, persistently developing a high fever and in a semi-comatose state, he was sent to a residence in Canton Road, Ma Yau Tei, Kowloon, to recuperate, and was said to be a businessman surnamed Li. Guangdong Province appointed a comrade to take care of him, who had been trained as a nurse and had a doctor to treat him. ”
After the failure of the Nanchang Uprising in 1927, Zhou Enlai, in the process of leading his army south, fell ill with falciparum malaria due to overwork. During his days in Hong Kong, zhou Enlai's trained nurse, a woman who called herself "Mrs. Lee" outside, was Fan Guixia, who took care of Zhou Enlai until he recovered and left Hong Kong.
Pictured| Fan Guixia
In March 1905, Fan Guixia was born in Louxia Village, Fogang County, her father was a doctor, who practiced medicine in Guangzhou for many years, and Fan Guixia lived in Guangzhou with her parents since she was a child. When she was studying at the Attached High School of Sun Yat-sen University, she participated in an organization, the Fogang Provincial Alumni Association, and it was also in this organization that she was exposed to progressive ideas.
In 1924, the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, Guangzhou also became the center of the Communist Party's activities, and at the same time, under the influence of the progressive ideas of the time, Fan Guixia actively participated in the revolutionary organization, she joined the Guangdong New Student Society and the Guangdong Women's Liberation Association led by the Communist Party, and actively participated in the workers' movement as a female textile worker. In 1926, Fan Guixia joined the Communist Party of China.
At that time, the Guangdong Women's Liberation Association was directly led by Deng Yingchao, and Fan Guixia and Deng Yingchao also met during this period. At the Women's Liberation Association, Fan Guixia actively participates in various activities, including literacy classes, which is most suitable for Fan Guixia, who has the status of a student and a female worker.
In 1927, Chiang Kai-shek launched the "April 12" counter-revolutionary coup, and three days later, the "April 15" Qing Party Massacre in Guangzhou followed. Due to the appearance of traitors, Fan Guixia became a key target for the Kuomintang. One night, Fan Guixia suddenly heard the shouts and knocks of the military police outside, and she hid in the chimney of the neighbor's house. The military police could not find Fan Guixia, so they turned their targets to Fan Guixia's parents and sister, forcing them to reveal Fan Guixia's whereabouts. However, the parents and sister preferred to die and refused to tell the whereabouts of Fan Guixia, and then the military police shifted their targets and arrested their sister Fan Guiji, who had just joined the regiment.
Figure| In 1924, Chiang Kai-shek launched the "April 12" coup
When Fan Guixia returned home, her father fell to the ground and died, and she tried to save her father, but his father stopped her and said, "Run, the military police will come to the house to arrest you." Without saying a few words, my father died. Too late to take care of her father's affairs, after a hasty farewell to her mother, Fan Guixia could only flee here first, and later with the help of female workers, Fan Guixia fled to Macau.
Tu | Zhou Dongyu played Fan Guixia in the movie "The Great Undertaking of Building an Army"
Subsequently, she went to Hong Kong to find an organization, where she served as the secretary of the secretariat of the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee. At this time, she hated the betrayal of the Kuomintang very much, and she wanted to fight against the Kuomintang to avenge her father and the comrades who sacrificed. In this post, Fan Guixia received many important people and completed many tasks entrusted to her organizationally, including pretending to be husband and wife with Zhou Enlai.
One day, Shen Baotong said to Fan Guixia: "A head of the central government is about to come to Hong Kong to see a doctor, and after research, it has been decided that you will take on this nursing work, and externally you are the chief's "wife" - Grandma Li Shao. At that time, Fan Guixia was only 22 years old, not yet married, although she was pretending to be a couple with others, but she was still a little shy inside. However, this was a task entrusted to her by the organization, and Fan Guixia did not hesitate to take on this task.
Picture | Shen Baotong
Subsequently, she followed the staff to the pre-rented house, where she waited for the arrival of her "husband". At this time, Fan Guixia did not know who her "husband" was, but according to her many years of work experience, she felt that she must be a big chief, and she couldn't help but feel a little nervous when she thought of it. In order to ensure that she can complete this task well, Fan Guixia also dressed herself as an image of a housewife and adapted to her identity in advance.
One day, in the evening, the horn of the car sounded outside the door, and Fan Guixia opened the door and saw Yang Shiling, the secretary of the prefectural party committee, coming down from the car, with a person on his back. He was wearing a robe and a horse coat, a velvet felt hat, and a pair of black glasses, but the man's face was sallow and emaciated, and he was suffering from a high fever and was unconscious. After Yang Shi soul put the patient on the back, the doctor who came with Yang Shi Soul told Fan Guixia to measure the patient's body temperature every hour, observe the patient's body temperature change, and make a record. Since she was a child, under the influence of her father, Fan Guixia also knows some basic nursing knowledge, so these things are still relatively easy for her. When she went to the window, she found that this was not Zhou Enlai?
Picture | Yang Shi Soul
In the next three days, Fan Guixia kept in mind the doctor's advice, did not dare to be sloppy, checked Zhou Enlai's body temperature change every hour, and recorded her feelings in detail: hot, hot or normal. Sometimes he would use a spoon to feed Zhou Enlai some warm boiled water, and in those few days, Fan Guixia could not eat and sleep in order to accurately record Zhou Enlai's physical condition, and finally, under her careful care, Zhou Enlai woke up.
When Zhou Enlai first woke up, he was very alert, and he asked, "What is this place?" Fan Guixia replied that this is Yau Ma Tei in Hong Kong.
"What's your name?" Who sent you? Zhou Enlai continued to ask.
"My name is Fan Guixia, Yang Shi's soul is also here, and we were sent by Shen Baotong to take care of you."
"Shen Bao and I know." Zhou Enlai knew that he was safe now, so he was relieved. At this time, Yang Shiling, who was next door, heard the voice and ran over, shook Zhou Enlai's hand, and said excitedly: "Big brother, you have finally woken up!" Zhou Enlai knew that Fan Guixia and Yang Shiling had definitely not rested well in order to take care of themselves these days, so he said to them, "I have woken up, so you should go and rest." ”
Seeing Zhou Enlai wake up, Fan Guixia was very happy, and the previous fatigue also disappeared, so she rushed to the kitchen to supplement Zhou Enlai's stewed chicken soup. When Zhou Enlai saw the chicken in the bowl, he frowned and said:
"Our Party has suffered great losses because of the massacres launched by the reactionaries, and the organization has become very difficult. In particular, I = funding, but I drink chicken soup here, which makes me how to eat. ”
After Fan Guixia listened, she solemnly comforted her:
"Now that you are seriously ill, it is the decision of the party organization to recover as soon as possible, so you need to supplement nutrition." Many important things of the revolution are still waiting for you to do, and the Party needs you very much now, and we need you very much. I was sent by the party organization to take care of you, and you have to listen to my arrangements before you are in good health. ”
Zhou Enlai listened to what Fan Guixia said, thinking of his own identity and the responsibility on his shoulders, and said, "Well, this time I listen to you, but next time we can't do this again, every penny we have to save." Under the care of Fan Guixia, Zhou Enlai's body gradually recovered.
However, when Zhou Enlai was going to attend the meeting later, Fan Guixia considered that Zhou Enlai's health was relatively weak, disregarded Zhou Enlai's previous words, and stewed chicken soup for Zhou Enlai again, under Fan Guixia's "tough" attitude, Zhou Enlai was "forced" to compromise, but he asked that the chicken soup be divided into three parts, let Yang Shi soul and Fan Guixia drink together, and said that during this time they took care of themselves was also very hard, and this matter also deeply touched Yang Shiling and Fan Guixia.
Pictured| Zhou Enlai
During the days when Fan Guixia took care of Zhou Enlai, in addition to daily chatting and reading documents, Zhou Enlai would also teach Fan Guixia to smoke, dance, drink and play hemp, which these rich wives often participated in. While studying, Zhou Enlai also stressed with Fan Guixia: "We are Communists, these bad habits must not exist, we do this not for entertainment, but to be able to calmly deal with unexpected situations." The underground struggle is complex, and we should know a little bit about everything, and in the face of danger, we can react quickly. ”
After Zhou Enlai was recuperating from illness for more than half a month, the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the COMMUNIST Party of China held a meeting to study the Guangzhou uprising, the meeting site was not only far from the place where Zhou Enlai lived, but also the road was not very good, Fan Guixia and Yang Shiling considered Zhou Enlai's body and wanted to hire a car, but Zhou Enlai knew and resolutely wanted to go on foot, in order not to let outsiders suspect Zhou Enlai's identity as a "rich businessman", Zhou Enlai and Fan Guixia carried out a disguise, and Fan Guixia accompanied Zhou Enlai to the meeting.
Picture | Zhou Enlai (Zhu Yawen) and Fan Guixia (Zhou Dongyu) in the movie "The Great Cause of Building an Army"
Zhou Enlai's attendance at this meeting was also the first time that Fan Guixia went out with "Mr. Li" as "Mrs. Li". Along the way, Fan Guixia supported Zhou Enlai, and because Zhou Enlai was still relatively weak, it was very difficult to walk. When encountering difficult road sections, Zhou Enlai could not support his body after walking. When Fan Guixia saw that Zhou Enlai's head was covered with sweat, she said to Zhou Enlai: "Sir, let's call a car." ”
Zhou Enlai shook his head and said, "It doesn't matter, I can still insist." ”
It wasn't until Zhou Enlai was so out of breath that he could hardly walk that Zhou Enlai said, "Let's take a break and go again." For several days in a row, Zhou Enlai and Fan Guixia walked like this to attend the meeting.
About a month later, Zhou Enlai's health had basically recovered, and at this time, he also received an organizational notice asking him to go to Shanghai to attend an enlarged meeting of the Party Central Committee. Before parting, Zhou Enlai said to Fan Guixia and Yang Shiling: "These days I am very grateful for your care, you have worked hard, you must persist in the struggle, victory will surely come." ”
In "Memories of Premier Zhou", Fan Guixia talked about her impressions of Zhou Enlai:
"During Comrade Zhou Enlai's recuperation, it was the best time of my life to receive the best education. I have always regarded Comrade Zhou Enlai as my closest brother, the most knowledgeable teacher, and the most loyal comrade. ”
After returning to Shanghai, Zhou Enlai and Deng Yingchao said: "When I was in Shantou, I fell ill with falciparum malaria. Thanks to Yang Shiling and Fan Guixia taking care of me by my side for more than a month, I was able to recover. Deng Yingchao also asked whether she knew Fan Guixia, Deng Yingchao said: "Xiao Fan, of course, I remember that she worked in the Women's Committee of the Guangdong District Committee, and at that time she often looked for me, hoping to have the opportunity to see her in the future and thank her well." ”
Hong Kong parted, I did not expect that when Fan Guixia and Zhou Enlai said goodbye, it was already 26 years later. In August 1953, Fan Guixia went to Beijing to visit her son, after Zhou Enlai knew, about Fan Guixia to his home as a guest, on the afternoon of August 22, Fan Guixia came to the Zhongnanhai West Flower Hall, after meeting, Zhou Enlai and Fan Guixia had a cordial conversation, Zhou En: "The days passed really fast, I didn't think that the little girl doll at the beginning was now a grandmother." Zhou Enlai also specifically asked Fan Guixia if her husband was the one who had lost contact with her at that time.
Pictured| Zhou Enlai and Deng Yingchao
It turned out that when Zhou Enlai was recuperating in Hong Kong, when he was communicating with Fan Guixia, he knew that Fan Guixia had a boyfriend named Pan Yaofang at that time, a student of the Whampoa Military Academy, a communist party member, and had participated in many revolutionary activities. However, after the "April 15" revolutionary coup, Fan Guixia lost contact with her lover. At that time, Zhou Enlai comforted her: "As long as he has you in his heart and still loves you, he will definitely come back to you; but if he does not come to you, then you will not have to love him anymore." ”
Photo | Fan Guixia (front row left) and Pan Yaofang (front row right)
As a result, in 1928, Pan Yaofang finally returned to Guangzhou, came to Hong Kong, the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee, Fan Guixia finally met with her long-missed boyfriend. When Zhou Enlai asked again 26 years later, Fan Guixia smiled and nodded, and Zhou Enlai said happily: "I told you in Hong Kong at that time that he would definitely come back." ”
Picture | the former residences of Pan Yaofang and Fan Guixia
After Fan Guixia and Pan Yaofang got married, they worked underground together, and later due to the white terror, they went into contact with the organization, until 1931, Fan Guixia searched for someone she could find, but there was no result. So she returned to Pan Yaofang's hometown to teach, and until now, since then, they have also completely disassociated themselves from the organization.
Picture | On March 6, 1994, Fan Guixia died of illness in Guangzhou at the age of 89.
The meeting lasted from 5 p.m. to 8 p.m., and Zhou Enlai left Fan Guixia for dinner, which was very simple, including a Specialty from Beijing, Roast Duck. When eating, Zhou Enlai has been picking vegetables for Fan Guixia, letting Fan Guixia eat more, especially roast duck, Zhou Enlai encouraged Fan Guixia to say: "To love China's education cause, educating the next generation is a very important job, because the hope of the country lies in young people." ”
When he was leaving, Zhou Enlai bought Fan Guixia a train ticket to go back, and then sent Fan Guixia to the railway station to welcome her to her home. Later, Fan Guixia recalled that she was most surprised by Sister Deng, who also talked to her in the dialect she learned when she worked in Guangzhou.
Photo | Deng Yingchao (left) and Fan Guixia (right)
On January 8, 1976, Zhou Enlai died, the great man fell, and the mountains and rivers were in sorrow. At the memorial service held in the community, Fan Guixia thought of her past days with Zhou Enlai, thought of his teaching and help to himself, and was so sad that she even fainted from crying at the memorial service.
At that time, the community staff sent Fan Guixia home and told Fan Guixia to rest well, but where can Fan Guixia rest, it was Zhou Enlai, her former comrade-in-arms, Fan Guixia continued to take the whole family at home to mourn for Zhou Enlai. Subsequently, she also asked her son-in-law to send a condolence poem to Deng Yingchao at the post office to express her concern.
After Zhou Enlai's death, Fan Guixia and Deng Yingchao remained in touch, and on August 22, 1982, the 77-year-old Fan Guixia came to Beijing again to visit Deng Yingchao, and Deng Yingchao received Fan Guixia in Zhongnanhai. Prepared many specialties for Fan Guixia to bring back, and also prepared a handbag. Later, Fan Guixia took the handbag that Deng Yingchao sent to her side, pinning her infinite thoughts on Zhou Enlai and his wife.
Photo| Deng Yingchao (left) and Fan Guixia pose for a group photo in Zhongnanhai, Beijing, on August 22, 1982
In March 1994, Fan Guixia died of illness at the age of 89 and was buried in the Galaxy Revolution Cemetery in Guangzhou. The friendship between Fan Guixia and Zhou Enlai lasted for 67 years, and this revolutionary friendship established in the war did not slowly weaken with the passage of time, and the friendship between them could not be destroyed by anything. Although Fan Guixia's life was not as vigorous as many revolutionaries, she used her own strength to dedicate herself to the revolution in obscurity, and even though she later lost contact with the organization, she turned to the cause of education and continued to contribute to the cause of education.