#Guangxi Celebrities #Xuanun Three Years (1911) On the ninth day of March, the Qing court asked Zhao Binglin to return to Gui to supervise the railway. On the tenth day of April, the regent Zaifeng announced that he had ordered the abolition of the original cabinet and the Military Aircraft Department, and the introduction of a new cabinet of responsibilities, with Prince Qing Yili as the prime minister, Na Tong and Xu Shichang as the assistant ministers, and of the 13 ministers in the cabinet, only 4 were Han, 1 Mongol, and 8 Manchus; and among the 8 Manchus, the imperial family accounted for 5 more, so at that time both inside and outside the country called it "Imperial Cabinet".
Its establishment shows to a certain extent that the Qing government only used the name of "constitution-making" to centralize power. Although Zhao Binglin has been on constitutional issues 16 times, the introduction of the "Imperial Cabinet" has declared the complete failure of the constitutional movement. After the introduction of the "Imperial Cabinet", the Federation of Consultative Councils quickly submitted a letter of protest to the Metropolitan Court, clearly stating that the Imperial Cabinet and the constitutional monarchy were incompatible, and asked the Imperial Court to quickly correct it and send ministers outside the Imperial Family to reorganize the responsible cabinet as soon as possible.
In early May 1911, the Guangxi Consultative Bureau sent representatives to Beijing to strongly demand the reorganization of the imperial cabinet. On May 14, Sun Baoqi, the governor of Shandong, also submitted a note to the imperial court, stressing that Zongzhi was not suitable to participate in the cabinet. In late June and early July, more than 40 speakers and deputies of the Advisory Bureau of nearly 20 provinces, including Zhili, Fengtian, Jilin, and Heilongjiang, repeatedly petitioned the imperial court jointly or individually, reiterating that "the monarch does not bear responsibility, and the imperial family does not organize a cabinet" as the only principle of constitutional monarchy, and requesting the imperial court to cancel this imperial cabinet as soon as possible and send ministers outside the imperial family to form a separate responsible cabinet.
The imperial court did not budge on the demands of all walks of life, first sternly reprimanding Sun Baoqi's suggestion for being too absurd, and then issuing an edict to reinterpret the "Outline of the Constitution of the King", believing that even if a constitutional monarchy was implemented, the power of the Deposed Hundred Divisions still belonged to the monarch, and the deputies could not interfere, thinking that this was the original purpose of the constitutional monarchy.
It is generally believed that the Qing court still regarded state power as the private property of a family and a surname, and they not only did not trust the Han, but even the unrelated Manchus, but only trusted a small number of clan nobles in their own families. Their blatant contempt for the royal family's non-entry into the cabinet, which originated from the British constitutional system, is tantamount to confirming the revolutionaries' harsh accusations against it: the Manchu Qing Dynasty is clearly a "Tartar" riding on the head of the Han nationality, an anti-Chinese anti-Han foreign oppressive regime, and if this oppression is to be removed, there is no way to abandon the revolution. The qing government's stubborn stance eventually triggered the Xinhai Revolution.
On October 10, 1911, the Wuchang Uprising broke out, and the provinces responded one after another, declaring independence, and the Qing Dynasty had become a situation of collapse. Under pressure, on November 1, 1911, the regent Zaifeng announced the dissolution of the imperial cabinet, surrendered all military and political powers, and agreed to use Yuan Shikai.
Seeing that the regent Zaifeng had revived Yuan Shikai, and the Qing court had gradually lost the ability to control the national situation, Zhao Binglin had a poem lamenting: "The platform is heavy on the dusk of the day (referring to the regent summoning Yushi Zhao Binglin to the Yangxin Hall), and the waves of the three seas are cold. Lead the tiger out of the mountain dragon lost water, and the demon star flashed too much and the gate. Yuan Shikai, who was idle in Huanshang Village, north of the city of Zhangde Province (Anyang), Henan, was appointed as the prime minister of the cabinet at the strong initiative of Yi Xi, and the army remained under his command.
Yuan Shikai came to operate, but at this time he put up a mighty wind, and he called back to say that he must hold a meeting and elect, otherwise a paper order will not count.
On November 8, the Senior Council held a meeting, and Yuan Shikai, with the support of Yi Li and foreign powers, was formally elected as the prime minister of the cabinet, and Yi Li was reappointed as the president of the Bide Yuan. Yuan's departure from the mountains seemed to bring hope to all sides: the Qing court hoped that he could pacify the revolutionary army; the revolutionary army hoped that Yuan was Han and hoped that he could force the Qing to abdicate; the great powers saw that the Qing court was powerless, and also hoped that Yuan could negotiate peace with the revolutionary army, so as not to damage property and commerce.
In order to save the crisis, on September 24, the third year of Xuanun, Yuan Shikai sent "well-known and well-known personnel to comfort each other in different ways, in order to proclaim virtue and communicate with the next", in an attempt to maintain internal and external maintenance, work together with one heart and one mind, and jointly save the dying. Liang Dingfen was sent to Guangdong xuanwei envoy, Zhang Jian was sent to Jiangsu xuanwei envoy, Tang Shouqian was sent to Zhejiang Xuanwei envoy, and Tan Yanmin was sent to Hunan Xuanwei envoy. In order to buy people's hearts, Yuan Shikai even used his two former sworn enemies Zhao Binglin and Jiang Chunlin, sending Jiang Chunlin as fujian's consolation envoy and Zhao Binglin as Guangxi's consolation envoy.
Jiang Chunlin, who abandoned his official post and returned to his hometown, did not want to fight for Yuan Shikai's life and refused. Zhao Binglin knew that the situation was out of control, the building would fall, and it was not possible for a single tree to support it, and he was not willing to take on this consolation and persuasion work for Yuan Shikai. The Qing court had no choice but to send a special telegram to Lu Rongting in Guangxi, asking him to carefully plan, make proper arrangements, and preserve the ground. Lu Rongting kept it secret.
On December 25, 1911, Sun Yat-sen returned to Shanghai from the United States. On December 29, at a meeting of 17 provincial delegates in Nanjing, Sun Yat-sen was elected provisional president of the Republic of China. On January 1, 1912, the establishment of the Republic of China was announced in Nanjing, and Sun Yat-sen was inaugurated as the provisional president. This made Yuan Shikai, who coveted the throne of the president, very unhappy, and he ordered the continuation of the war. Relying on the strength of the Beiyang warlords he possessed, he sent troops to capture Hankou, but he stopped advancing, as if he were waiting, in fact, he threatened the revolutionary party to negotiate peace and threatenEd Sun Yat-sen to abdicate. The revolutionary army, on the other hand, was gradually defeated militarily. However, Sun Yat-sen wanted to use Yuan Shikai to achieve a democratic and republican regime. Therefore, on the day he took office as the provisional president, he called Yuan Shikai and said that he had no intention of taking the presidency, and as long as Yuan Shikai agreed with the republic, the presidency would be your Yuan Shikai's. Of course, Yuan Shi wanted to be the president, but he was already the prime minister of the Qing Dynasty at this time, and it was inconvenient for him to express his position, but his heart was itching, so he used the strength of the revolutionary army to blackmail the Qing Emperor into abdicating.
Yuan Shikai went to great lengths to force the Qing Emperor to abdicate. He bribed Xiao Dezhang, a profit-seeking and self-serving confidant of Empress Longyu, with a huge amount of 3 million taels of silver, and also spent money to bribe natong, a close minister of the imperial family, and another 3 million taels of silver, and bribed Yi Li to go to the palace to act as a lobbyist forcing the palace.
Unexpectedly, on January 16, 1912, three Sichuan revolutionaries, Yang Yuchang, Huang Zhimeng, and Zhang Yuanpei, threw bombs at Yuan Shikai on Dingjia Street in Beijing, killing the captain of the guard and more than a dozen guards.
How clever Yuan Shikai was, he took advantage of this assassination incident to spread rumors that "revolutionaries have spread all over Beijing" in the hope of causing psychological panic among the qing court's widows and children. Xiao Dezhang, Yi Li, Na Tong, and others constantly intimidated empress dowager longyu with alarmist information that "if you can abdicate, you will have preferential treatment" and "otherwise your life will be difficult to protect".
Ten days later, another violent incident occurred, and on January 26, the revolutionary Peng Jiazhen blew up Liangbi at his house and killed Liangbi. Yuan Shikai also instructed the front-line generals of the Beiyang Army, headed by Duan Qirui, to give a threatening warning to the Qing court in the form of a joint telegram, which was full of murderous spirit. At this time, when the Qing government convened another meeting, no one went to the court. On February 12, under the coercion of Yuan Shikai, after receiving a promise to "set up another preferential treatment and preserve the imperial family", Empress Longyu issued an edict in the name of Emperor Xuantong, issued an abdication edict, appointed Shikai as a minister plenipotentiary, organized a republican government, formally abdicated the Qing Emperor, and the Qing Manchu Qing rule over China was terminated.
Tang Zaili, then an aide-de-camp of Yuan Shikai, recorded in his memoirs "The Great Events I Experienced Before and After xinhai" as follows: On February 12, 1912, when Empress Longyu and Xuantong issued an edict to abdicate, "That night, Yuan Shikai cut his hair in the building of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. During the cutting, Yuan himself kept laughing, and the conversation showed unusual happiness. This kind of extremely happy performance is very rare in Yuan Shikai's life.
Zhao Binglin felt the abdication of the Qing Emperor and gave a poem: "The stone people only move the Yellow River with their eyes, and read Xingyuan tears." Nothing can be done to cut the seal (that is, to cut the job and return home), and to throw difficulties (refers to being forced or exiled to a difficult place) is really a shame. ”
In March 1912, Yuan Shikai stole the provisional presidency of the Republic of China as he wished, thus moving further from his ambition to become emperor. After Yuan Shikai stole the position of provisional president of the Republic of China, he wanted to persecute Zhao Binglin, who had repeatedly opposed him.
But Zhao Binglin also wants to eliminate harm for the country. In the spring of 1912, when Zhao Binglin lived in Shanghai, he saw that Yuan Shikai's ambitions were becoming more and more obvious, and he wanted to find an opportunity to get rid of Yuan Shikai. Zhao Binglin had a friend named Cao Dongyin in Changsha, Hunan, who was the governor of Yuzhou at the time of Guangxu, had a political voice, and moved inward to the Faculty of Counsel. With the same interests as Zhao Binglin, he also wants to get rid of Yuan Shikai. Among Zhao Binglin's friends, Zhao Binglin also got to know some people related to Yuan Shikai, so he had the opportunity to get rid of Yuan Shikai.
Zhao Binglin's father, Zhao Runsheng, served under Chen Baozhen, a famous minister of the late Qing Restoration faction, and Zhao Binglin also had contacts with Chen Baozhen's son Chen Sanli because of this relationship. Chen Sanli learned gong poetry, lived in seclusion in Shanghai after the fall of the Qing Dynasty, and often spent time with Li Rui, a Qing Daoist priest, and Fan Zengxiang, a native of Enshi, Hubei Province. Zhao Binglin also often chanted poems with them.
This Li Ruiqing, also known as Li Mei'an, was very famous at that time, a native of Linchuan, Jiangxi, who served as a political envoy in Jiangsu, a teacher in Liangjiang, and an envoy in Nanjing, and after the death of the Qing Dynasty, he lived in Shanghai to sell characters for a living, nicknamed "Qingdao people"; Fan Zengxiang was a Guangxu Jinshi, who successively served as a political envoy of Weinan Zhi County, Shaanxi Province, and the governor of Liangjiang. After xinhai, he took refuge in Shanghai. One day, Zhao Binglin knew that Yuan Shikai was about to summon Li Ruiqing, so he and Cao Dongyin and the Taoist priest Li Ruiqing would meet at the Shanghai Ai Li Garden (commonly known as Hartung Garden), and on the occasion of the meeting, he advised Li Ruiqing to take advantage of Yuan Shikai's summons to meet and do the jingke thing - assassinate Yuan Shikai. But Li Ruiqing said that he was embarrassed, and the matter was not resolved - the opportunity was short-lived. In 1920, when Zhao Binglin was forty-eight years old, Cao Dongyin remembered the past of persuading Li Ruiqing to assassinate Yuan Shikai, and inscribed a poem "Zishou Poem": "Obsessed with asking for Cao Mo, sad Zen Dongxian." Ban Jing chatted on the floor, folding the willow and leaving the feast. ”
Since then, Zhao Binglin, in order to escape the persecution of Yuan Shikai, the enemy of the wrongdoers, had to return to his hometown in Jeonju to live in seclusion.
A reporter from Guilin Radio and Television Station interviewed the elderly in Lejiayuan Village at the former residence of Zhao Binglin in Shaoshui Town, Jeonju County
Jiang Tingsong
The Seventeenth Time in "Xiangjiang Testimony" The Obstruction Front Lost Successively The Blood of the Political Commissar of the Red Army spilled his feet
How did the name of the fifteen major yipu places in Quanzhou County, Guangxi province come from during the Ming Dynasty?
Visiting the mysterious ancient stone village of Renjia Village, Shitang Town, Quanzhou County, Guangxi, I would like to ask you to decrypt it
Story: I Patted the Bird (Micro Story)
"The Origin of Statewide Surnames" is planned to be published in two years, and we look forward to your participation
![Iron Mask Imperial History Zhao Binglin Biography 29: The Soul Returns to Xiangshan[fig]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=)