sequence
September 28, 1898, was the day of the death of the six gentlemen in history.
The Six Gentlemen of Wushu refers to the six main participants in the twenty-fourth year of the Guangxu Dynasty of the Qing Dynasty (1898, the year of the Lunar Dynasty) in Chinese history, who were hunted down and killed by the feudal diehards led by Empress Dowager Cixi due to the failure of the Pengshu reform, namely Tan Sitong, Kang Guangren, Lin Xu, Yang Shenxiu, Yang Rui, and Liu Guangdi.
Because the Reform of the Law harmed the interests of the conservative faction led by Empress Dowager Cixi, it was strongly resisted and opposed, and the six people who mainly participated in the change were arrested on September 21, 1898. On September 28 of the same year, he was killed in Caishikou, Beijing.
Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao fled to France and Japan respectively.
On that day, the dark clouds pressed the top, the autumn wind tore, and the six gentlemen were escorted by the executioner to the mouth of the Beijing vegetable market, and with a command, the executioner raised the butcher's knife, and the heads of the six gentlemen fell to the ground. Lin Xu, one of the six gentlemen, faced death calmly and calmly, died with a smile, and was the youngest of the six gentlemen, who was only 24 years old when he was killed.
Lin Xu was not worried about his own life and death, but only worried about "his wife is still on the river table, Mo de one side, heroic and fierce, will die from me, and he will not expect tears like silk."
After Lin Xu's death, Shen Queying once wrote a pair of elegies expressing his heart: "Yi Who? Who am I? It is all based on the six rites, which causes troubles in this dynasty; life is not seen, death is not seen, but I hope that the three lives will be lucky, and then the marriage in the next life will be married.
She was martyred by taking medicine and hunger strikes, and died in April 1900 at the age of 24 and childless.
The Reform Movement, also known as the Hundred Days Restoration, the Reform Law, and the Restoration Movement, was a bourgeois reform movement in the late Qing Dynasty, represented by Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao, who advocated learning from the West, advocating science and culture, reforming the political and educational systems, and developing agriculture, industry, commerce, etc. through the Guangxu Emperor.
The Pentagram Law was implemented on June 11, 1898. Its main contents are: reform of government institutions, abolition of redundant officials, and appointment of restoration personnel; Encourage private establishment of industrial and mining enterprises; Opening new schools to attract talents, translate Western books, and disseminate new ideas; Founding newspapers and periodicals and opening up speech; Training of the new Army and Navy; The imperial examination abolished the Eight Strands of Literature and abolished the excess yamen and useless official positions.
On September 21, 1898, Empress Dowager Cixi launched a coup d'état, the Guangxu Emperor was imprisoned, Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao fled to France and Japan respectively, Tan Si and the six gentlemen of Wushu were killed, and the 103-day change failed.
The Reform of the Law is an important political reform in China's modern history, as well as an ideological enlightenment movement, which has promoted ideological emancipation and played an important role in promoting the development of ideology and culture and promoting the progress of modern Chinese society.
Among the Six Gentlemen, people remember more of Kang Youwei, Liang Qichao, Tan Sitong, and the daimyo. Lin Xu was only mentioned in the history books, and many people were still a little unfamiliar with his name, perhaps he was too young, when he was only 24 years old. However, he showed the most determination, not only did he die calmly in front of death, smiling, but his wife Shen Queying should also go with him.
Shen Queying (1877-1900), also known as Mengya, was a native of Houguan of Fujian (present-day Fuzhou). The granddaughter of Shen Baozhen, a patriotic minister of the Qing Dynasty and the wife of Lin Xu, one of the "Six Gentlemen of WuShu", committed suicide by taking poison after Lin Xu failed to change the law.
His father, Shen Yuqing, an important poet of the Tongguang School of The Min Sect, held an important position for a long time, and was once an official in Guizhou, and his meritorious name was the most prosperous among Shen Baozhen's sons. Her mother was the daughter of Lin Zexu's younger daughters Lin Jinluan and Zheng Baozhong (Yueting).
Shen Queying was a famous female poet at the end of the Qing Dynasty, who was good at poetry, and now has the "Songlou Testament" (after the "Late Cuixuan Poetry Collection"), with 29 poems and 35 words.
On June 11, 1898, the Guangxu Emperor issued an edict announcing the change of law. The Guangxu Emperor ordered officials of more than four pins to recommend talents.
Wang Xifan, a scholar of Hanlin, recommended Lin Xu to the Guangxu Emperor with "the ability to be wise and sensitive, able to study the ancient and modern in detail, in order to make use of it, in the study of Western politics, the most refined discussion, especially familiar with negotiation and commerce, and his talents are truly superior".
On September 5, the fourth person, Tan Sitong, Yang Rui, and Liu Guang, was awarded the rank of Sipinqing, and walked on the military aircraft Zhang Jing to participate in the affairs of the New Deal.
In the 10 days from September 5 to 14, the most words were written in the letters, and many of the edicts on the change of the law were written by him.
On September 21, Cixi staged a coup d'état and once again "disciplined the government", and he was arrested and imprisoned like Tan Si. On September 28, he was killed at Caishikou outside Xuanwu Gate. He was 23 years old.
01
By the turn of the spring and summer of 1877, Fuzhou was already very hot. On this morning, on the branches of the trees in the courtyard of Shen Baozhen (Shen Queying's grandfather), there were magpies chirping and chirping, and people said that magpies were calling, and happy things came.
This year, Shen Yuqing's wife, Lin Puqing, "(1821~1873) Lin Zexu's daughter", pregnant, about to give birth, looking at the magpie outside the window, his face hung red and he thought, Could it be that I want to give birth to a son? On this day, however, she gave birth not to a son, but to a daughter. The daughter is also a piece of flesh that fell from the mother's body, and she also likes it; her husband is a virtuous courtier, and there is no general family patriarchal preference, in their eyes both men and women are the same.
Shen Queying's grandfather --- Shen Baozhen (1820-1879), whose original name was Shen Zhenzong, also spelled Youdan, also spelled Hanyu, was a Han Chinese, and a native of Fujian Houguan (present-day Fuzhou, Fujian). An important minister of the late Qing Dynasty, a politician, a military strategist, a diplomat, and a national hero. He is one of the founders of shipbuilding, shipping and naval construction in modern China.
Lin Zexu was the governor of Huguang, the official Zhi Yipin, was a famous national hero in history, Shen Queying's father- Shen Yuqing was the son-in-law of Lin Zexu, the eight famous ministers of the Qing Dynasty and the feudal governor of the Qing Dynasty who resisted aggression.
In Fuzhou's Sanfang Seven Alleys is the gathering place of Fuzhou's rich and prestigious families, and around Shen Queying's family gathered a group of literary celebrities such as the light-body Min poets Chen Yan, Chen Shu, and the great thinker Yan Fu, forming a very good academic atmosphere and laying the foundation for Shen Queying's healthy growth.
His father, Shen Yuqing, was an important poet of the Min school, and often sang with the poet Chen Shu Chen Yan, a great master of the Min school, and her influence on her was intrinsically profound, coupled with her genius, her artistic accomplishment slowly formed.
Shen Que should have been born in such a prominent scholarly family, although in the feudal era of the Qing Dynasty, her father was a Qing Dynasty courtier, who treated girls and boys equally, and from her early childhood, her father asked her to teach her to read and read.
Shen Queying should also be smart since childhood, although she is a girl, but her talent is not at all inferior to boys, even higher than boys, her poetry is not forgotten, the poems are amazing, and they are loved by their parents.
Chen Yan was a giant of the Tongguang body Min school of poets, Shen Queying was adopted as an apprentice by Chen Yan when he was 11 years old, Chen Yan generally did not accept girls, because of her prominent family status and her intelligence, he took her in. Among Chen Yan's large number of students, there are only one or two girls, and there are a number of talented children and talents in the Xiao Daoguan presided over by Chen Yan, and in such a strong academic circle of friends, she has nourished her good literary literacy.
Among these students, although Shen Queying was a girl, she was Chen Yan's most proud student, and the poems that Shen Queying wrote often surprised and delighted him.
When Qian Zhonglian compiled and selected "Three Hundred Songs of QingZi", he included two poems of Shen Que's response. He commented: "The words of mourning, without some whitewashing, are all simple words, condensed by blood and tears. ”
"Surf and Sand"
It is difficult to repay the country, who receives the blue blood, and the manuscript in the middle of the book is from Qianqiu. The intestines are broken to summon the soul and do not return, and the clouds are dark and the river is dark.
Rust Buddha old makeup building, I have been rested, thousands of regrets more than that? Fight to get endless tears in your eyes, and the water will flow for a long time.
Bodhisattva man
In the old days, the moon color wore a curtain, and the face in the mirror was not yesterday. Mask the mirror to examine the poems. Tear stains stained with plain clothes.
The lights are empty. Hate no one province. Dreams are hard to come by. The sky is clear and clear.
Shen Que should not only be talented, but also good-looking, just over 14 years old, out of a Tingting Yuli beauty, thin eyebrows, curved smiling eyes, beautiful face, coupled with a wicker-like slim posture, one step and three shakes, it is really loved by people. In particular, her watery eyes are good at sending Qiu Bo, which is more likable. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Fuzhou City was famous for her talented and talented women.
03
In Shen Queying's feudal era, girls had to be betrothed as soon as they were 14 years old and look for their in-laws. Ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign, beautiful women with outstanding appearance always have to attract many suitors.
Shen Queying should be extremely talented, naturally there are many people who can look up to her, and the rich children of colleagues near and far are pursuing her, and many people come to the door to propose to her. However, most of these rich children are pompous disciples who have no real talent and practical learning, and they do not look up to Shen Queying's talents, but care about her appearance. Shen Queying knew very well in his heart that these pompous children were not single-minded about love, and when she was old enough to spend her life, they would throw her aside and go to find another new love.
She must find a good man for herself who is both talented and good-looking, but also has good character and single-minded love, so that she can trust him with her life.
Shen Queying is not only handsome in appearance, but also talented and intelligent, and is deeply loved by his father. In Shen Queying's parents, they are also very concerned about their daughter's marriage, they know what kind of man their daughter marries, it is related to whether the daughter is happy in life, whether she lives happily, they never force her, promise to the men they don't look up to, they also have to personally choose men with good looks for their daughters.
Her marriage was because of her father, in 1891, when she was the general office of the Jiangnan Water Teacher School, she returned to her hometown to visit the grave, and heard that there was a boy named Lin Xu in her hometown who was very good, Shen Yuqing was the eldest daughter - Shen Que should choose a son-in-law, and heard that there was a prodigy named Lin Xu in her hometown, who looked like a talented person, was brilliant, and the article was also outstanding, so I was moved.
Her father went to the private school where Lin Xu was studying, lin Xu's teacher Yang Yonglin showed Lin Xu's articles to his father, and his father was very satisfied after reading it, so he finally decided to recruit Lin Xu as a son-in-law, and in October 1892, Shen Que should marry Lin Xu.
On the surface, the family of the two is not a door-to-door pair, Shen Queying's family is the most powerful family in Fuzhou, and Lin Xu was born in a poor and broken family, his parents died early, and he lived on the help of his uncle, but if you look closely, the two families have an internal fate. Lin Xu's grandfather Lin Fuzuo was a Daoist, who had served in Dongliuzhi County, Anhui Province, with outstanding political achievements when he was in office, and was very much valued by Shen Queying's grandfather, and the third uncle who raised Lin Xu was her father's friend, so it was natural for the two families to come together.
After becoming a parent, Lin Xu and Shen Queying's feelings were deep, Shen Queying's face often smiled like a flower, and they often showed the deep feelings between husband and wife with poetry. Shen Que should use the story of Sima Xiangru and Zhuo Wenjun to express his unswerving yearning for love and write "Dong xian song. Wenjun Dangfang》
Lin Xu knows each other, and also expresses the story of Sima Xiangru and Zhuo Wenjun, and "The Beauty Will Go Again" expresses the feelings of being like-minded.
Lin Xu has been running around all year round, often writing poems to express his thoughts and feelings about Queying and missing his hometown, and Shen Queying also writes poems that miss Lin Xu and sings with him.
From 1894 to 1898, Lin Xu and Shen Queying studied under Chen Shu, talked about poetry, and engaged in poetry creation. The level of husband and wife literature is even higher.
04
Life is rare to be together, only to be separated.
Lin Xu and Shen Queying, in the last year of the Qing Dynasty, on the eve of the Xinhai Revolution, were defeated by the Japanese in the Sino-Japanese War, the Beiyang Army division was completely destroyed, the country was defeated, the land was ceded, and the silver was lost 200 million taels. Domestic turmoil and wars were raging, and Kang Youwei, Liang Qichao, and other patriots jointly signed a petition in Beijing, bluntly saying that China would not be able to survive unless it changed the law.
Although Shen Queying is a woman, she also knows that lin Xu's revolutionary activities outside the country are patriotic and just actions to change the country's current turbulent and weak appearance, and she fully supports Lin Xu's revolutionary actions!
After Lin Xu bravely discussed at the mouth of The Vegetable Market in Beiping, she had the idea of going to the capital alone to collect the body of her husband, but was stopped by her family. She is a weak woman, this must be a fierce and auspicious, not only can not collect the corpse, but also put her own life into it, but also implicated her family.
After the failure of the Wushu Reform Law, Lin Xu died heroically, and the smile on Shen Queying's face disappeared, replaced by an endless cloud of sorrow.
She ate breakfast, often stood in front of the window, looking at the deciduous tree in the courtyard in a daze, looking at it, Lin Xu's figure appeared in front of her eyes, remembering that after dinner in the past, she often sat with Lin Xu on the stone table stone bench under the tree and sang and sang and...,
When I went to bed at night, I looked at the empty bed on the half side, remembering that when Lin Xu was there, the two of them laughed before going to bed, and they couldn't sleep at night, so they got up and sat down at the table to write poems to express their feelings.
During this period, she wrote many poems in memory of Lin Xu.
After Shen Queying's death, her father buried Lin Xuyu Shen Queying- the husband and wife in one place, and the tomb was linked to the clouds: "Qianqiu Evening Cui Lonely Loyal Grass, a roll of towers desperate words."
Lin Xu threw himself into the revolution, sacrificed his life to serve the country and died without regrets, only worried about his wife in the heroic years, Shen Que coped with Lin Xu's mourning, and Lin Xu's worries about her, converged into an eternal symphony, singing in a high voice in the long river of history, so that future generations will admire!