In October 1930, Chiang Kai-shek had just finished the Central Plains War and set his sights on the Zhumao Red Army in Jiangxi. To this end, Chiang Kai-shek personally went to Nanchang to hold a "conference on suppressing bandits," and the relevant arrangements were as follows:
It was decided to use more than 100,000 people of the 6th, 9th, and 19th Route Army and the Air Force, with Lu Diping, chairman of Jiangxi Province, as commander-in-chief and Zhang Huizhen, commander of the Eighteenth Division of the Ninth Route Army, as the commander-in-chief of the frontline, and the troops rushed to the Soviet area in three ways.
Photo | Chiang Kai-shek before and after the Central Plains War (middle)
In mid-December, Zhang Huizhan's 18th Division took the lead from Nanchang and pounced on the Red Army deployed in the Yuanshui River Basin in ganzhong Province. Who is Zhang Huizhan?
He had studied in Japan and Germany, received systematic Western military training, and was deeply appreciated by Chiang Kai-shek. Zhang Huizhen had a bad evaluation, and when he was the commander of the Nanchang Garrison District, he wantonly oppressed the common people, and was known as "Zhang Butcher".
Pictured | Zhang Huizhen
In the face of the great enemy, Chairman Mao and General Manager Zhu held an emergency military conference in Luofang, Xinyu on October 30. At the meeting, there were many opinions among the participants, some advocating active preparation for war, and some advocating taking the initiative to attack.
Chairman Mao and General Manager Zhu conscientiously analyzed the situation, and they held that the enemy is at present, the enemy is strong and we are weak, and if we want to crush the enemy's offensive, it is absolutely impossible to be tough and hard, and if we want to succeed, we can only take advantage of it.
Therefore, after many discussions, Chairman Mao and President Zhu decided to lure the enemy deeper, first leading the enemy around in circles, annihilating him after the enemy was tired, and then leading the main force of the Red Army to cross the Ganjiang River and carry out a strategic shift to the east.
Pictured| Vermilion Red Army
However, Zhang Huizhan was meticulous and quickly learned of the Movement of the Red Army, and hurriedly ordered the troops to cross the east bank of the Ganjiang River to follow the main force of the Red Army.
Even so, Zhang Huizhan was still not an opponent of the Red Army in terms of guerrilla warfare, after Zhang Huizhan led the army to follow.
Chairman Mao had already begun to lead the main force of the Red Army to continue to move into the hinterland of the Red Zone, and in late November all retreated to the Donggu, Nanlang, and Longgang areas, and by the time Zhang Huizhan arrived, the Red Army was gone.
Figure | the first anti-"encirclement and suppression" plan of the Central Red Army
Ironically, when his troops arrived in Donggu, they engaged in a firefight with the Twenty-eighth Division of Gongbing Domain, and both sides believed that the other was an enemy army, and the fierce battle lasted for several hours.
When the fog cleared, they found each other's blue sky and white sun flags, which made Zhang Huizhan extremely angry. As soon as Zhang Huizhan arrived in Donggu, he carried out a terrible massacre, and then hurriedly commanded the encirclement and suppression army to rush straight towards Huangpi and Xiaobu.
At this time, Zhang Huizhan did not know that the Red Army had set up an ambush in the front and waited for Zhang Huizhan to enter. At this time, Chairman Mao and Zhu Laozong planned to first concentrate the 40,000 main forces of the Red Army in the central area of the base area and set up an ambush to eat Zhang Huizhan's division.
Pictured| stills of Chairman Mao
Then, he turned to Deal with Tan Daoyuan's division, quickly and decisively cut off Lu Diping's two arms, and then took advantage of the victory to attack other enemy troops. In order to lure the enemy into the bait, Chairman Mao also specially instructed the Red Army to carry out a strategy to lure troops to the Donggu area.
Then, Chairman Mao and Zhu Laozong led the main force of the Red Army to move to a hill north of Longgangping. Chairman Mao held up his telescope and carefully observed the terrain. He found that the mountains around this area were steep, the terrain was dangerous, and the forest sea was tumbling, which was an ideal place to fight ambushes, and he secretly decided in his heart that he must annihilate Zhang Huizhan's troops here and avenge the death of the people of Donggu.
The | the former site of Donggu
In order to seize the first merit, Zhang Huizhan specially ordered the Fifty Mountain Brigade to garrison Donggu, and personally led the Fifty-second Brigade and the Fifty-third Brigade to Longgang. Upon learning of Zhang Huizhuan's movements, Chairman Mao and Zhu Laozong quietly led the main force to move to Junfu, west of Huangpi, and the jungle north of huangpi to gather covertly, while Huang Gongluo led the red army to fight and retreat according to the original plan, firmly attracting Zhang Huizhen to the direction of Longgang.
The next morning, a thick fog enveloped the whole of Longgang, and Chairman Mao was overjoyed, because such weather meant that it was time to fight an ambush, so Zhang Huizhan's Dagfoss plane was of little use.
Then they walked into the thatched battle shed on the mountainside. As soon as everything was ready, there was a fierce sound of gunfire in the direction of Longgang under the mountain, and the stray bullets that roared in kept hitting the red land around the headquarters, but when he heard the gunshots, Chairman Mao was not only not nervous, but a surprise, because he knew that this meant that Zhang Huizhan had been dragged into Longgang, and the Red Army's ambush plan could officially begin
At this time, the gunfire became tighter and tighter, and Chairman Mao began his own tactical arrangements. He hurriedly informed the Red Fourth Army and the Red Third Army to accelerate their movement toward Longgang, organize reinforcements from the enemy Zhu Yaohua, and then join forces to attack Zhang Huizhen, and then order Luo Binghui to lead the Twelfth Army to control the commanding heights of Wangong Mountain. After the arrangement was stopped, Chairman Mao walked into the headquarters.
Picture | Zhang Huizhan film and television image
At this time, he felt a little tired, because in order to lure Zhang Huizhan's division, he had spent several sleepless nights in the war room. It is also strange to say that Chairman Mao usually suffers from insomnia, but as long as he leads troops to fight, this symptom will naturally disappear. Especially when fighting big battles, the more fierce the battles, the more sweetly he slept.
At this time, the battlefield was extremely fierce, and the Red Army led by Huang Gongluo stubbornly sniped at the enemy, although the enemy used the latest German-made weapons, the Maxim heavy machine gun and the Hakhazis light machine gun, and the Red Three Army suffered heavy casualties, but even so, the enemy never left the defensive line one step, resulting in the enemy's attempt to open the road from Longgang to Xiaobutong was foiled.
At about 2:00 a.m., the Left Route Army led by Luo Binghui arrived ahead of schedule, took control of the commanding heights of Wangong Mountain in one fell swoop, and besieged the main force of Zhang Huizhan's Eighteenth Division with more than 9,000 people in iron barrels on the Longgang front line. The fierce fighting lasted from early morning to about 3 p.m., when the enemy was exhausted and nearly empty of ammunition.
Pictured | Lin Biao's early years
Therefore, the Red Army seized the opportunity to launch a general attack on the troubled enemy, Lin Biao and Gu Dehuai commanded the Red Fourth Army and the Red Third Army to press down from the northern mountain; Luo Binghui commanded the Red Twelfth Army to attack from Wangong Mountain to the enemy's flank; Huang Gongluo's Red Army pressed down on the retreating enemy from the front, the enemy collapsed, more than 9,000 people were annihilated, and a 15-watt radio station was captured.
Unfortunately, however, since most of the Red Army soldiers were peasants and had never seen radio machines, out of hatred for the reactionaries, they actually smashed the captured radio stations, leaving only a shell. When Chairman Mao learned of this, he was overwhelmed with regret and immediately instructed the ministries that all things seized in the future must be cleaned up and sent, and that all the professionals such as electrical personnel and medical personnel among the captives should be given preferential treatment and retained only as much as possible.
Zhang Huizhan watched his thousands of men and horses surrounded by tens of thousands of Red Army regiments, and they all raised their guns to surrender, and in desperation, he changed into a set of junior officers' costumes and took personal guards into the deep mountains and dense forests in an attempt to flee for his life in a hurry.
Figure | Huang Gongluo
But at present, the mountains are full of Red Army, and there is no hope of being a fish that slips through the net, so he has to go into the thatch and hide.
When cleaning up the battlefield and counting prisoners of war, Huang Gongluo found that Zhang Huizhen was missing, so he sent tens of thousands of people to attack the mountain to capture, and finally captured Zhang Huizhen who was hiding there alive in a pit covered by an oil tea forest. The soldiers of the Red Army were immediately overjoyed and rushed to tell each other: "Zhang Huizhen has been caught in front!" ”
Zhang Huizhan was escorted to the mouth of Longgang Town, and when he saw Mr. Zhu approaching, he asked busily: "How much money do you want me to take before I can be released?" ”
Picture | stills of Mr. Zhu
Mr. Zhu said unceremoniously, "We are not here to do business." You led troops to invade the base area, and we will try you on behalf of the people!"
As soon as he heard that he was going to be tried, Zhang Huizhan was frightened and shivered, and his mind kept recalling the massacre of soldiers and civilians before, and all his thoughts were gray for a while.
At this time, Chairman Mao learned that Zhang Huizhan had arrived, and he also came down from the command post and walked toward Longgang Street. Zhang Huizhan and Chairman Mao were both from Hunan and had contacts during the Northern Expedition. As soon as he saw Chairman Mao, he folded his hands and hypocritically set himself up with Chairman Mao in an attempt to seek a glimmer of life.
Chairman Mao, on the other hand, did not have the slightest sympathy for Zhang Huizhan and laughed contemptuously, and Zhang Huizhan had no choice but to pull his head like a chicken, and he knew that it was impossible to let the Red Army release him.
Soon, the news that the Red Army had captured Zhang Huizhan alive quickly spread throughout the country, and Zhang Huizhan's wife was shocked to learn of this news, and hurriedly found the Shanghai Cpc Central Committee through various connections, hoping to redeem her husband with a huge amount of money. Chiang Kai-shek also sent a letter to demand the release of Zhang Huizhan, and even promised that as long as Zhang Huizhan was released, he would release a large number of revolutionaries in detention and was willing to pay 200,000 yuan in cash.
The crime that Zhang Huizhan had committed was too great, and in the criticism fight, he was beheaded and executed in a roar, and even so, it still failed to offset the anger of the masses. Then, the masses found a wooden plaque of "Zhang's Ancestral Hall", placed Zhang Huizhan's head on the plaque, and wrote "This is Zhang Huizhan's head", and transported it to the Ganjiang River in the rain, and this wooden board drifted down the river to Ji'an.
Stills of Chiang Kai-shek | pictured
Later, Zhang Huizhan was found by the sentries of the Nationalist 70th Division and fished in a boat. When Lu Diping, chairman of the National Government of Jiangxi Province and commander-in-chief of the Ninth Route Army, learned of this, he sent an urgent telegram to Chiang Kai-shek and He Yingqin. Chiang Kai-shek held the telegram in his hand, and with great grief, he looked up and lamented: "Woo-shi, the soul has returned!" ”
After the Red Army completely annihilated Zhang Huizhan's division, it took advantage of the victory to pursue and annihilate Tan Daoyuan's troops. Gong Bingfan, Xu Kexiang, Mao Bingwen, and other troops saw Zhang and Tan's defeat and completely lost their will to fight. At this point, Chiang Kai-shek's first "encirclement and suppression" was declared a failure.