Hengshan Water Cave is in an orchard
Hengshan Water Cave bears witness to the history of ancient Kunming people to improve the living environment of the second to build water conservancy, hard work, known as the Han Dynasty Wenqi advocated the repair of pond water storage and the Yuan Dynasty Sai Dian Chi rectification of water conservancy major water conservancy projects.
At the same time, Hengshan Water Cave is a valuable heritage of the traditional farming culture of old Kunming.
However, what no one knows is that I don't know if it is a coincidence or an accident, there are two interesting topics behind the Hengshan Water Cave!
Because of the feeding of Dianchi Lake on the edge of the city, the old Kunming City has gradually become an ancient and magnificent city on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau.
In the 13th century, the Italian traveler Marco Polo hailed Kunming as a "magnificent city".
Kunming on the shores of Dianchi Lake, after the Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties became the center and provincial capital of Yunnan, the abbreviation of Yunnan also naturally used the word "Dian".
Dianchi Lake has made Kunming and Yunnan
This "Dian" of Dianchi Lake is very interesting to examine.
According to Jin Changxuan's Huayang Guozhi Nanzhongzhi, Dianchi Lake is known as Dianchi Lake because it is "shallow and narrow, like backward flow." ”
This is in terms of geographical form.
Another theory is to find the sound of the meaning, that is, "Dian, upside down." ”
This is to say that the ancient Dianchi Lake belongs to the Red River system, flowing into the Red River from the thorn tongguan at the junction of jinning county and Yuxi city in the southwest of Jinning County.
Later, when the waters of Dianchi Lake fell below 1940 meters, after a long period of time, the Thorn Tong Pass lifted the Haikou River to sink, and the outflow of Dianchi Lake was blocked before it was diverted from the Haikou River to the west and north into the Jinsha River system.
Whether it is reversing the flow or changing the course, to put it, Dianchi Lake is a kind of existence that is unreasonable and unconventional.
The excavation of Hengshan Water Cave, although the water flow is not enough to change the overall geographical distribution of Dianchi Lake, is repeating the "story of yesterday" of Dianchi Lake!
How to say it?
Let's look at the location of Hengshan Water Cave.
Old Kunming knows the "Great Phuket Tunnel". This tunnel was once the throat of the Kunming dam in the northwest of Kunming.
These mountains above the Great Phuket Tunnel separate the Kunming Dam from the Fumin Dam in the northwest and the Shalang Dam in the north.
On the other side of the mountain, to the west, is the familiar steep-sloped village.
Steep slope village
In fact, the steep slope village is located in the middle of a large deep valley.
This deep valley stretches north to Fumin County, and southwest to Qingshuiguan.
Further west, there is another deep valley where Anning Hot Spring and QinglongXia Mantis River walk.
As we all know, the only outlet of Dianchi Lake is the Haikou River, and after the Haikou River flows down, it is the Mantis River, which flows from Dianchi Lake to the northwest, through Anning, Fumin, and Lu persuasion, and flows into the Jinsha River at the junction of Yulu and Dongchuan, and finally flows into the Yangtze River and runs to the sea.
Where is the water in Hengshan Water Cave? Shimizu Pass, Shiraishiya.
Schematic map of the location of Shimizu Pass
Luo Yuanzhen of the Ming Dynasty recorded in the "Hengshan Water Cave Record",
Ming Xing, Fang Bo Chen Gong Nai opened the Kunming Hengshan Water Cave. The cave is in Xixiang, County, originating from the Dragon Spring outside the Qingshui Pass in the west of the city, and converging into the Dry Sea. Eight miles to the east is The White Stone Cliff, fifteen miles to Hengshan, Longyuan and other eight villages....
The water flow of Qingshui Pass and Baishiya, including the Dupo Village Gorge, was originally directly into the Mantis River and into the Jinsha River.
However, after the construction of the Hengshan Water Cave and the supporting Changshan Ditch, part of these water flows back through the Hengshan Water Cave to the north of Dianchi Lake and the upper reaches of Dianchi Lake!
Is it another "Dian" or "peak"?
The water canal on the mountainside diverted the water that originally flowed into the Mantis River back to Dianchi Lake
Dianchi Lake does not flow into the Red River but into the Jinsha River, which is considered to be the creation of nature; and the excavation of Hengshan Water Cave is a manual change in the flow of water.
The water by the Dianchi Lake is "upside down" in this way, and the baby's heart is bitter!
There is no way, who let this live the old Kunming people, "Dian people".
The old Kunming people of the Ming Dynasty who built the Changshan Ditch and dug the Hengshan Water Cave, and even the Kunming people who have been benefiting from this great water conservancy project since then, may not have noticed this coincidence.
But also in the Ming Dynasty, one person noticed this situation.
He is the great traveler Xu Xiake.
The great geographer Xu Xiake
This is not to say that the traveler Xu Xiake also visited and inspected the Hengshan Water Cave, and Xu Xiake did not even know about this great artificial miracle of the "national dynasty" of the same era.
Rather, Xu Xiake, who was both a traveler and a great geographer, was sensitive and keen to notice something different when he passed the summit above the Hengshan Water Cave!
On the eighth day of november in the eleventh year of Chongzhen (1638), Xu Xiake set off from Xiaozhu Temple, visited the upper and middle caves of the mountain behind Haiyuan Temple, went to Myoko Temple to meet the servants and porters, and walked towards the Shalang Tiansheng Bridge.
About this, Xu Xiake left such a record:
So uphill. Three miles, it is located at the head of the ridge, that is, along the north and west of the ridge to the pan cliff. In the second mile, there are small stone peaks from the north of the ridge, and the south peak belongs, and there are several houses in between, which is known as the ox pen whistle, the water of the east and the west, and has been divided since then. Straight down from the sentry west, then the avenue out of the Yongding Bridge. Yu Nai rice and from the ridge north to the north, a mile, slightly down the ravine, that is, from the ravine north uphill. The edge slope is northeast, looking back at the bottom of the ravine, falling into a gorge in the west, and going very deep in the north. The road crosses the slope to the northeast, and its east is also under the Gorge of Dianchi Lake. --"Xu Xia's Travels"
A great book
"The water of the east and the west, from now on", "the gorge of the Dianchi Lake in the east", is the valley where the Hengshan Water Cave is located!!
An inconspicuous ravine, a group of wise men, built a great project; a ravine, a ming man, recorded him in a great work.
This is the Hengshan Water Cave.
Over the years, this area has built the Turtle Mountain overpass, built the Northwest Ring Expressway, built the absolutely modern construction project of the oil pipeline, and even the road that Xu Xiake once walked has no trace.
However, the most precious thing is that although the vicissitudes of the sea and the sand fields, the landscapes and landforms described by the great traveler Xu Xiake are still preserved, as long as there is a heart, it can still be seen.
Xu Xiake and his great "Travels of Xu Xiake" accidentally added a rich humanistic color to the Hengshan Water Cave.
Geographer Xu Xiake once looked out over these summits
Is the Hengshan Water Cave, which is about to be forgotten, lucky again?!