Today, Lao Feng will refute the rumors of history for everyone.
One of the debunking rumors
Speech of the Guangxu Emperor at Peking University
Many history lovers have read such a "Speech of the Guangxu Emperor at Peking University" on the Internet, excerpted as follows:
"On September 21, the seventeenth year of Guangxu, when the autumn leaves of the Western Mountains were brilliant, the Beijing Normal University Hall was officially opened, and Guangxu led the Military Aircraft Minister and the Shangshu of various ministries to attend... After the solemn and warm ceremony, Guangxu did not leave immediately, but asked Sun Jianai to gather all the students to the auditorium. According to Guangxu's will, he was going to sit down with his students and discuss the Tao. In the auditorium stood nearly a thousand students, and the officials of various ministries and the teachers of the Beijing Normal University Hall stood on either side, and when they saw the emperor enter, they all knelt on the ground and cried out long live the mountain. Standing in front of the crowd, Guangxu was silent for a moment, and then Xu Xu said, "Today is the first day of the official opening of the Beijing Normal University Hall. The so-called academy, in the eyes of Yuan, is a place to study learning. Our ancients had a tradition called 'sitting and discussing the Tao', and today, I will discuss with you about the Tao of this world. After saying that, Guangxu raised his right hand and gently pressed down: "Let's all sit down, and Shuo also sit down... Beginning with literacy, the teacher of The Transformation is teaching the way of the King. After the fall of the pro-government, he also continued to learn the way of governing the country. The tao of the world may be different, but I have been thinking that for a country like ours, what is the real way and what is the way to revitalize the country..."
Guangxu: I heard that I gave a speech at Peking University? How did I not know?
Today Lao Feng told you: This is a rumor, and it is a heavy old rumor.
Many friends have been deceived.
This matter is false, and there is no such thing as the Guangxu Emperor speaking at Peking University in history.
The "seventeen years of Guangxu" mentioned in the text, that is, 1891, there was no Peking University at that time.
The so-called Peking University, formerly known as the Beijing Normal University Hall, was first proposed by Guangxu in June 1898 in the "Ming Ding Guo is the Edict", and the real time to start the preparation was december 1898.
Therefore, there is no possibility that the Guangxu Emperor spoke at Peking University in the seventeenth year of Guangxu (1891), because time and space are not right at all.
Moreover, neither the Guangxu Dynasty's Notes on Living Quarters nor the Records of The Guangxu Dynasty have records of the Guangxu Emperor's public speeches.
In fact, the Manchu Qing hierarchy is strict, there is no certain official quality, you can not see the emperor at all, in the late Qing Dynasty, Peking University students want to see the emperor, it is impossible. According to the Manchu Family Law, it was impossible for the emperor to appear in public and give speeches.
The source of this historical rumor is a 10-year-old online novel "A Man's A-Day".
It's a novel. And it's a web novel.
Interestingly, in 2012, an editor of Hangzhou Daily, after reading the online novel "A Man's Jia Wu", mistakenly thought that it was real history, so on August 25, 2012, he published this "Guangxu Emperor Peking University Speech" in Hangzhou Daily.
Thus, a stone stirred up a thousand layers of waves.
Chinese Simplified some netizens on the Internet who "have no ability to examine and coax the most active" have spread rumors one after another, and the rumor "Speech of the Guangxu Emperor peking university" has spread throughout the Chinese Simplified network.
What is more interesting is that on September 4, 2015, the big celebrity Yu Dan reprinted this "Guangxu Emperor Peking University Speech" on her Weibo, which was intended to encourage new students, but unexpectedly caused ridicule from people of insight, Yu Dan was very embarrassed, and later deleted Weibo, which also told us: No matter how famous, they are mortal, cross-border speech, be cautious.
Remember, "Guangxu Emperor Peking University Speech" is a rumor.
Old ballads. Don't pass it on again.
Debunking the second rumor
Puyi and the palace maid and caused impotence
Puyi's with palace women in the Forbidden City when he was a teenager led to impotence is also an old rumor.
Strangely enough, no one has been able to debunk this rumor.
Today, Lao Feng debunked this rumor for you.
Puyi in his adolescence
First, let's look at the provenance of this old rumor.
This old ballad that has been circulating for decades comes from Shen Drunk's article "After the Amnesty of the Last Emperor" published in 1981, the original text is as follows:
"When Puyi was living in the Forbidden City when he was more than ten years old, because several eunuchs who served him were afraid that he would run out at night, and they themselves wanted to go home to rest, they often pushed the palace maids to his bed, asking them to wait for him at night and not let him get out of bed. The palace ladies were all much older than he was, he was a child at the time, he didn't know anything, he was completely at the mercy of the palace maidens, sometimes not just one, but two or three slept in his bed, taught him to do bad things, and exhausted him all the time, and the palace ladies let him sleep. The next day I often wake up dizzy and see that the sun is yellow. After he told the eunuch about these circumstances, they took some medicine for him to eat, and although they could deal with the hungry palace women, they later felt more and more uninterested in those things..."
This statement is actually not credible.
Here's why. Old Feng elaborated with you one by one:
One of the reasons: Shen Drunk, as a former Kuomintang military command agent, his writings, hearsay, and nonsense are many, and his materials have a bad reputation in Chinese historians, and the historical value is very low, so domestic research on history generally does not accept his writings.
Reason two: the things mentioned in the text cannot be established, the Forbidden City Gate is closed every night, no longer open, there is no "worry about Puyi running out at night." Moreover, the eunuch had no right to order the palace maid and Puyi to go to bed, and the eunuch did not dare to give such an order to the palace maid.
Reason three: The behavior of the palace women in the Forbidden City was strictly constrained by the forbidden discipline of the Manchu Qing Palace, represented by the "Current Rules in the King Palace", and if the palace women dared to lure the young emperor to bed, it was a capital crime, and once discovered, they would be ordered by the concubine and killed on the spot.
Reason four: Puyi was in the Forbidden City when he was a teenager, and was disciplined very strictly by his mother Youlan, Duankang Princess (Jinfei), father Zaifeng and other elders, the eunuchs around Puyi were all assigned by Duankang Princess and other elders, what Puyi did, the eunuchs had to report to Duankang Princess every day, there was no possibility of Puyi messing around with the palace women for a long time and on a large scale. Moreover, the Manchu Family Law also stipulated that the emperor was not allowed to touch the palace women.
Reason five: Puyi just turned 16 years old and married Wanrong, basically there is no sexual gap period, northern men usually have a sexual maturity age of 15 years old, that is to say, Puyi basically does not have a sexual gap period, there is no need to use the palace to solve the problem of sexual needs.
Reason six: From the interests of the palace women. Palace women are born lowly, even if they are pregnant with dragon species, they are also beaten up, and it is impossible to become an empress (Manchu Family Law: Only the daughters of the banner people and nobles are eligible to become the emperor's women) So, several lowly palace women have been pestering Puyi, a 15-year-old boy, for a long time to engage in multi-person sports? Still want to squeeze him dry? Get him to impotence? Yellow stall literature has seen too much, right? What do they want? What to do once I get pregnant? Single mother? Not only can you not get the honor, but you also have to risk being killed by the staff, and you are a palace maid, why don't you do this?
Reason seven: from a medical point of view, it is not easy to destroy the sexual function of a 15-year-old boy through sexual life, usually the sexual ability of a man is particularly strong when he is 15 years old, and you have to completely destroy his sexual function through sexual behavior, which requires a very high frequency of destructive behavior, and it will last for a long time, which is not easy. Moreover, men have a physiological "refractory period" and will regulate their sexual needs and frequency of sexual behavior. Besides, Puyi just turned 16 years old and married Wanrong, where is the time to destroy you? Besides, from a historical point of view, it is very common for ancient men in china to marry at the age of fifteen or sixteen, flesh and blood, newlywed Yan'er, several times a day sex life is very common, how many teenagers will lead to impotence?
Reason Eight: "Notes on the Living of the Xuantong Emperor", Puyi's teacher Johnston's "Dusk in the Forbidden City", "Pu Jie's Memoirs", "Puyi in the Eyes of Others: Oral Records of Attendant Li Guoxiong"... A series of records of Puyi's personal personnel did not mention Puyi's "messing with the palace women", and the "Palace Women Talking about the Past" and "Eunuch Talking about the Past" published later did not mention Puyi's "messing with the palace women".
Puyi and Empress Wanrong
Reason nine: In fact, Puyi himself said that when he was 16 years old, he had no interest in women at all, and we read the original text of Puyi's "The First Half of My Life":
"When the princes and ministers, on the orders of the princesses, proposed to me that I had reached the age of 'great marriage', if I was still a little interested in it, it was because marriage was a sign of adulthood, and after this formality, others could not discipline me like a child... According to tradition, the first night of the emperor and the empress's wedding was spent in a happy room no more than ten meters square in the Kunning Palace. The peculiarity of this room is that there is no furniture, the kang occupies a quarter, except for the ground, all painted red. After performing the "Hexi Ceremony", eating the "Descendants Feast", and entering this dark red room, I felt very breathless. The bride sat on the kang, with her head bowed, and I looked at it for a while, only to feel that there was a red in front of me: red tents, red mattresses, red clothes, red dresses, red flowers, red faces... like a pool of melted red candles. I felt very uncomfortable, not sitting, not standing. I thought it was still good to cultivate the heart, so I opened the door and came back. When I returned to the Yangxin Hall, I saw the list of ministers from all over the country mounted on the wall, and the question came again: "I have a concubine and become a human, what is the difference between me and before?" What was the mood of Wanrong, who was left alone in Khun Ning Palace? What was the fourteen-year-old Wen Xiu thinking? I didn't even think about that."
It can be seen that puyi, 16 years old, has no interest in women, and on the wedding night of Wanrong, Puyi did not sleep with Wanrong, and he slipped alone.
Why is Puyi not interested in women? See Reason Ten.
Reason ten: Puyi in Tianjin and Changchun period, a large number of taking and injecting male hormones, we infer according to this, Puyi should have seen a doctor at that time, the doctor's diagnosis of his impotence is: insufficient secretion of male hormones. It is an endocrine problem.
The Jilin People's Publishing House's "The Last Empress and Imperial Concubine" records Puyi's nephew Yu Wei as a recollection of his personal personnel during the puppet Manchu period, and the original text is as follows:
On August 29, 1940, the chief of the Han Yu Section: "See the letter from Beijing Tianjin to buy a strong male He'er Meng Andalos Town Western medicine fifty dozen." Send an empty bottle today, and buy it as usual. Be careful not to be feminine. ”
This is the record of Puyi instructing Yu Wei to purchase male hormones for him in 1940, and PuYi also specifically told Yu Wei: Don't buy wrong, once you buy wrong, it will become estrogen.
Well, at the end, Lao Feng nagged again, from the methodology of historical research, only the following materials can initially prove that "Puyi was squeezed dry by the palace women from childhood":
One of the proof materials: Puyi himself wrote the facts.
The second proof material: the testimony of more than two palace girls who have slept with Puyi and corroborate each other.
These two types of materials do not exist precisely in the field of historical research in China.
Ten thousand steps back, even if material one and material two exist, then from the perspective of a rigorous forensic doctor, it is still necessary to prove the causal relationship between "sleeping with the palace girl" and "Puyi impotence". I say this not harshly, but at least more truthfully.
Well, speaking of this, Lao Feng summed it up for everyone:
"Puyi was in the Forbidden City and the palace women in his youth and caused impotence" is a historical rumor, and the reasons for saying that it is a historical rumor are mainly:
First: The saying comes from the history of the wild.
Second: lack of support from canonical historical data.
Third: Lack of witness testimony support.
Fourth: lack of medical evidence to support it.
Fifth: It is inconsistent with the Manchu Qing family law and the law of life in the Forbidden City.
When we discuss this matter today, we want to remind you in good faith that when you are reading books or brushing the circle of friends, any information you see may be a rumor, so you must put a question mark, and question it from the following aspects:
First: Is the source of this information authoritative?
Second: Can this information be valid scientifically, logically?
By making such a habit of questioning, you can be a better person, really.