Text/Song to warmth
01
The fifth year of the Great Song Dynasty, October Ding Mi, that is, November 2, 1082 AD.
Emperor Shenzong added a son and named him Zhao Tuo.
That is, the most famous literary and artistic emperor in history, Song Huizong.
As a politician, Song Huizong was a failure, and everyone was familiar with this.
But as an artist, Huizong was a literati artist with high taste.
It is now recognized that there are generally two styles of paintings of Emperor Huizong of Song that have survived:
One is relatively simple,
One is very gorgeous.
Mr. Xu Bangda believes that the simple style should be the authentic handiwork of Huizong, and the gorgeous and exquisite is the ghostwriting of the painter of the painting academy.
For example, the current collection of Liaobo 'Ruihe Tu'
Forbidden City "Xianglong Stone Map"
Boston Museum of Fine Arts "Five-Colored Parrot Diagram"
Metropolitan Museum of Art "Bamboo Bird Diagram"
wait.
These paintings, which are named under the name of Emperor Huizong, are similar in size and style, and they were originally albums in the Xuanhe Rui Catalogue.
According to the records of the Xuanhe Rui Book, there are as many as 1,000 volumes in a fifteen-page volume, that is to say, there are 15,000 paintings, of course, not all of which are imperial pens, but court paintings, imperial pen inscriptions.
02
On the issue of Huizong's autograph and ghostwriting, Cai Jing's son Cai Yu wrote a book "Discussion on the Tiewei Mountain" that clearly recorded the fact that Huizong had ghostwriting:
Emperor Du Danqing (赵佶) was good at his own divine ease, so all famous hands, more into the internal offerings, on behalf of the imperial dyeing, is to be unknown.
Take "Ruihe Tu" as an example:
Although a thousand years have passed, this blue has oxidized and darkened, it can still be seen that the blue is not uniformly painted flat, but according to the effect of the actual sky superimposed on the smoke, rendering a different shades and rich blue.
"RuiHe Tu" can be said to be unique in the history of Chinese art.
First of all, the subject matter is unique.
In the past, when painting flowers and birds, the object was very single, either only flowers, or only birds, at most painting flowers and birds + mountain stones.
However, Song Huizong's "Ruihe Tu", which combines flowers and birds with scenery, not only makes people feel the grandeur of the palace, but also full of immortality, even as if it comes with its own Xianle BGM.
Then, look at this unusual composition.
In the middle below the picture is the Xuande Gate of the Imperial City of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the symmetrical beauty of Chinese architecture makes the whole picture stable.
The main hall of light is very dull, so the view can also see the partial hall, rich in layers, around the palace, auspicious clouds, flowing lines, the whole picture of the charm vivid.
Moreover, the palace and the auspicious clouds are combined to form a whole plane.
Xiangyun crossed the roof of the temple and led our eyes upwards. Two cranes stood at the top of the temple, looking up at the sky.
Two-thirds above the picture is a stone-blue sky, cloudless, bright, and proper royal weather.
Eighteen cranes swirled and flew, almost without the same posture, but between Gu Pan, they echoed with their companions, forming three rings from the inside out, compactly hugging.
Zoom in to see each crane, the shape is delicate and slender, the feathers are light and soft, and every stroke is meticulous.
Therefore, although the number of cranes is large, there are many but not chaotic, so as not to fall the picture down.
The whole picture is painted on silk paper, the color is low-key and luxurious, and the brushwork is clean, elegant and full of style.
Of course, there is also his thin gold body, strong and healthy, unique.
03
In fact, successive emperors have ordered people to draw this kind of auspicious map, but there are many flowers, and they are eager to pile up all the mascots.
However, Song Huizong believed in Taoism, and Taoists advocated "purity and inaction", so his aesthetic was reflected in colors and lines, and he also took the route of purity, minimalism and frigidity.
Today's fashion circle "less is more" concept, Song Huizong did it a thousand years ago.
From the perspective of art history, more important than Song Huizong's own creation, as an emperor, he turned the concept of su Dongpo, Li Gonglin, and Mi Fu, which were artistic geniuses, into mainstream aesthetics, and raised a country's aesthetic taste to an unprecedented level.
The aesthetics of the Song Dynasty were high because it was "shangyi".
"Shangyi" means that it goes straight to the heart and deletes the complicated and simplifies it.
But still maintain a serious and serious photo attitude, rather than being confused.
A few cursory strokes are called literati aesthetics.