After Tai Peng's death, the throne of the Shang Dynasty passed to his son Zhongding, who during his reign, the Yi people in the east rose, which was a force that had a great influence on the subsequent Shang Dynasty, and successive monarchs after the Shang Dynasty were fighting or preparing to fight against it. Zhongding defeated the Lanyi faction of the Yi clan that attacked the Shang Dynasty and moved the capital to Ao. After Zhongding's death, his younger brothers competed for the throne, causing a long period of turmoil within the Shang Dynasty, known in history as the Rebellion of the Ninth Dynasty, during which the Shang Dynasty weakened again.
First, after Zhongding's death, WaiRen successfully competed for the throne, but this was the result of his compromise with the other wang brothers. He died of illness after ten years on the throne, and was succeeded by his brother He Qijia, and because shang's dominance had declined, he had to move the capital again to Neihuang in the north. Secondly, he launched a war against Lan Yi (Dongyi), Lan Yi fled to Banfang, and he let him continue to attack Banfang, eventually making Banfang submit. He's reign of nine years stabilized the rule of the Shang Dynasty to some extent, and he was succeeded by his son Zu Yi after his death.
After Zu Yi succeeded to the throne, he frequently moved the Shang capital, first from Neihuang to Geng, and the following year because the place of Geng was affected by floods, he moved the capital to Xing, which stabilized for a period of time during the Xing period, and later moved the capital from Xing to Pi. During his reign, he continued to use troops against Lanyi and Banfang, and several conquests, relieving Dongyi of its threat to the Shang, during which the Shang Dynasty briefly regained some of its dominance.
After Zu Yi's death, his son Zu Xin succeeded to the throne, which was relatively stable during his reign, and then died of illness, and the throne passed to his younger brother Wo Jia. After Wojia's death, the throne passed back to Zuding, the son of Zu xin. After nine years of Zu Ding's reign, the throne passed back to Nan Geng, the son of Wo Jia. Due to the instability of the Shang Dynasty's way of succession to the throne, its rule was also extremely unstable, and during the Nan Geng period, the shang Dynasty's dominance had weakened again, and its capital was once again moved from Shelter to Yan.
After Nan Geng's death, the throne was inherited by Yang Jia, the son of Zu Ding. During the reign of Yang Jia, the Shang royal family had been in constant internal strife, the nobles were fighting each other, Yang Jia, as the king of The Shang, could not control the situation, externally, the four princes had no longer come to the dynasty, and their western conquest of Shanrong was not successful. The crisis of shang rule was already evident.
The rule of the Shang Dynasty was already in jeopardy, and in a storm, Yang Jia fell ill and died, and the throne was inherited by his brother Pan Geng. After Pan Geng succeeded to the throne, he decided to move the capital from Yan to Yin (Anyang, Henan). The old nobles were extremely opposed to this, and Pan Geng dealt with it with tough measures. For the chaotic government of the dynasty, the situation of the aristocracy and extreme luxury, it opened a series of reform measures, advocating a reform atmosphere, frugality to cultivate morality, reduce exploitation, etc., and eventually the decline of the Shang Dynasty was revived, and the Yin capital also became very prosperous, after this, the capital of the Shang Dynasty was stable in Yin, so the Shang Dynasty was also called Yin Shang, Yin. The history of this incident is called Pan Geng Qianyin.
After Pan Geng's death, the throne was succeeded by Pan Geng's brother Xiao Xin, who abandoned Pan Geng's national policy, and the Shang Dynasty weakened again. After Xiao Xin's death, his brother Xiao Yi succeeded to the throne, and after Xiao Yi's death, the throne was inherited by his son Wu Ding.
Wu Ding was the twenty-third monarch of the Shang Dynasty, who had served in the people at a young age, so he understood the hardships of the lower classes. After he succeeded to the throne, he appointed Fu Shu, who was originally a prisoner, as a minister and reused him, and also appointed Gan Pan as a minister, so that the country could be greatly governed and the national strength would be enhanced. He also continued to use large-scale troops against the southern Tiger Fang, the Eastern Yi, and the Northern Ghost Fang, which threatened the rule of the Shang Dynasty in the Central Plains, conquering many small Fang states around it and expanding the ruling territory of the Shang Dynasty. Because Wuding pushed the Shang Dynasty to its peak, it was known as the Lord of Zhongxing, and the history called Wuding Zhongxing.
In terms of heirs, Wu Ding initially attached great importance to his eldest son Zu Ji (the legend of The Son of Lady Hao, and it is also rumored that Lady Hao was his stepmother), and established him as the heir. However, after the death of his mother, due to the divisive relationship between the stepmother, the father-son relationship of Wuding gradually became estranged, and eventually the ancestor was exiled and ended up depressed on the road of exile. After Zu Ji's death, Wu Ding preferred his younger son Zu Jia and wanted to change the heir from the second son Zu Geng (Wu Ding was always not optimistic about Zu Geng) to the younger son Zu Jia, but Zu Jia resigned that this was a violation of the etiquette law, which might lead to the rebellion of the Ninth Dynasty again, and from then on left the Shang capital to go to folk life, which enabled the Shang Dynasty to inherit the throne stably.
After Wu Ding's death, his second son Zu Geng succeeded to the throne, he inherited Wu Ding's national policy, actively governed the country, and the Shang Dynasty developed steadily during his reign. Because of Wu Ding's knowledge of the choice of heirs, Zu Geng was very pleased and established Zu Jia as the heir to the throne. After Zu Geng's death, his brother Zu Jia succeeded to the throne. In the early days of his reign, Zu Jia still inherited the state policy of his father and brother, allowing the Shang Dynasty to continue its strength, but in the late period of his reign, it aggravated the harsh criminal law, resulting in a certain degree of weakness of the Shang Dynasty.
After Zu Jia's death, his son Liao Xin succeeded to the throne, during his reign the Fang tribes in the west constantly invaded the Shang Dynasty, and Liu Xin sent troops to attack many times, but with little success. He died of illness after four years on the throne, and the throne was succeeded by his brother Contin. During His reign, Condin continued to fight against the West, and although he was victorious, he never fundamentally removed the Threat from the West. In his later years, he embraced witchcraft, which greatly increased the power of the church and threatened the royal power.
After Kangding's death, his son Wu Yi succeeded to the throne. Wu Yi was an important monarch in the late Shang Dynasty, and he tried to make a difference against the growing external threat (the Western threat was not lifted, and the Eastern Yi clan became strong again) and the weakening of internal dynastic rule, but with little success. But he played a positive role in the transition from theocracy to kingship (he was not very reverent, insulted the gods, and to a certain extent broke the supremacy of theocracy), but legend has it that he was cruel and hedonistic, and eventually was dramatically killed by lightning (but more likely died in war), and he died after thirty-five years of his reign.
After Wu Yi's death, his son Taiding succeeded to the throne. In order to relieve the threat of the Western Zhou people, he turned to a policy of Huairou, but it also made the Zhou state larger (Zhou Hou Jili took this opportunity to conquer Yu Wurong, Hu Rong, Feng Tu Rong, etc.).
After The death of Tai Ding, his son Emperor Yi succeeded to the throne, by this time the Shang Dynasty was already in decline, and his capital was moved to Yumo (Chaoge), during which he continued to conquer Zhuyi, and although he won victory, he was unable to restore the decline of the Shang Dynasty.
After Emperor Yi's death, his youngest son, Emperor Xin, succeeded him as King of Shang. During his reign, he increased taxes internally, imposed severe punishments, and built a capital city; externally sent troops to attack the Dongyi tribes many times, and finally caused the Zhou people from the west to unite with the states to conquer the Shang Dynasty, the two sides fought in The Pastoral Field, the King of Shang was defeated, fled back to Lutai (the palace built by the King of Shang) and then set himself on fire and died, and the Shang Dynasty died.
The Shang Dynasty was founded in about 1600 BC and destroyed by the Zhou Dynasty in 1046 BC, with a total of thirty monarchs (called emperors), about 550 years. Generally speaking, the Shang Dynasty is a period of national civilization and system gradually perfect, but also the earliest dynasty that Can be found in China's current archaeology, although it still has many shadows of primitive society in its rule, such as making many decisions through divination, but whether from the aspects of system, economy, culture and social construction, it has reached a high level of national civilization, its bronze manufacturing and other processes have been very exquisite, and the construction of the city has begun to take shape, it can be said that China has entered the Bronze Age at this time. It has developed the civilization of the slave state to a very high achievement.