如何高效的将excel導入sqlserver？

大部分人都知道用oledb來讀取資料到dataset，但是讀取之後怎麼處理dataset就千奇百怪了。很多人通過循環來拼接sql，這樣做不但容易出錯而且效率低下，System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy 對于新手來說還是比較陌生的，這個就是傳說中效率極高的bcp，6萬多資料從excel導入到sql隻需要4.5秒。

using System;  

using System.Data;  

using System.Windows.Forms;  

using System.Data.OleDb;  

namespace WindowsApplication2  

{  

    public partial class Form1 : Form  

    {  

        public Form1()  

        {  

            InitializeComponent();  

        }  

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  

        {  

            //測試，将excel中的sheet1導入到sqlserver中  

            string connString = "server=localhost;uid=sa;pwd=sqlgis;database=master";  

            System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog fd = new OpenFileDialog();  

            if (fd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)  

            {  

                TransferData(fd.FileName, "sheet1", connString);  

            }  

        }  

        public void TransferData(string excelFile, string sheetName, string connectionString)  

        {  

            DataSet ds = new DataSet();  

            try 

            {  

                //擷取全部資料  

                string strConn = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" + "Data Source=" + excelFile + ";" + "Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;";  

                OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(strConn);  

                conn.Open();  

                string strExcel = "";  

                OleDbDataAdapter myCommand = null;  

                strExcel = string.Format("select * from [{0}$]", sheetName);  

                myCommand = new OleDbDataAdapter(strExcel, strConn);  

                myCommand.Fill(ds, sheetName);  

                //如果目标表不存在則建立  

                string strSql = string.Format("if object_id('{0}') is null create table {0}(", sheetName);  

                foreach (System.Data.DataColumn c in ds.Tables[0].Columns)  

                {  

                    strSql += string.Format("[{0}] varchar(255),", c.ColumnName);  

                }  

                strSql = strSql.Trim(',') + ")";  

                using (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection sqlconn = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection(connectionString))  

                {  

                    sqlconn.Open();  

                    System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand command = sqlconn.CreateCommand();  

                    command.CommandText = strSql;  

                    command.ExecuteNonQuery();  

                    sqlconn.Close();  

                }  

                //用bcp導入資料  

                using (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy bcp = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy(connectionString))  

                {  

                    bcp.SqlRowsCopied += new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlRowsCopiedEventHandler(bcp_SqlRowsCopied);  

                    bcp.BatchSize = 100;//每次傳輸的行數  

                    bcp.NotifyAfter = 100;//進度提示的行數  

                    bcp.DestinationTableName = sheetName;//目标表  

                    bcp.WriteToServer(ds.Tables[0]);  

                }  

            }  

            catch (Exception ex)  

            {  

                System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);  

            }  

        }  

        //進度顯示  

        void bcp_SqlRowsCopied(object sender, System.Data.SqlClient.SqlRowsCopiedEventArgs e)  

        {  

            this.Text = e.RowsCopied.ToString();  

            this.Update();  

        }  

    }  

}  

using System;

using System.Data;

using System.Windows.Forms;

using System.Data.OleDb;

namespace WindowsApplication2

{

    public partial class Form1 : Form

    {

        public Form1()

        {

            InitializeComponent();

        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            //測試，将excel中的sheet1導入到sqlserver中

            string connString = "server=localhost;uid=sa;pwd=sqlgis;database=master";

            System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog fd = new OpenFileDialog();

            if (fd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)

            {

                TransferData(fd.FileName, "sheet1", connString);

            }

        }

        public void TransferData(string excelFile, string sheetName, string connectionString)

        {

            DataSet ds = new DataSet();

            try

            {

                //擷取全部資料

                string strConn = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" + "Data Source=" + excelFile + ";" + "Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;";

                OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(strConn);

                conn.Open();

                string strExcel = "";

                OleDbDataAdapter myCommand = null;

                strExcel = string.Format("select * from [{0}$]", sheetName);

                myCommand = new OleDbDataAdapter(strExcel, strConn);

                myCommand.Fill(ds, sheetName);

                //如果目标表不存在則建立

                string strSql = string.Format("if object_id('{0}') is null create table {0}(", sheetName);

                foreach (System.Data.DataColumn c in ds.Tables[0].Columns)

                {

                    strSql += string.Format("[{0}] varchar(255),", c.ColumnName);

                }

                strSql = strSql.Trim(',') + ")";

                using (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection sqlconn = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection(connectionString))

                {

                    sqlconn.Open();

                    System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand command = sqlconn.CreateCommand();

                    command.CommandText = strSql;

                    command.ExecuteNonQuery();

                    sqlconn.Close();

                }

                //用bcp導入資料

                using (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy bcp = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy(connectionString))

                {

                    bcp.SqlRowsCopied += new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlRowsCopiedEventHandler(bcp_SqlRowsCopied);

                    bcp.BatchSize = 100;//每次傳輸的行數

                    bcp.NotifyAfter = 100;//進度提示的行數

                    bcp.DestinationTableName = sheetName;//目标表

                    bcp.WriteToServer(ds.Tables[0]);

                }

            }

            catch (Exception ex)

            {

                System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);

            }

        }

        //進度顯示

        void bcp_SqlRowsCopied(object sender, System.Data.SqlClient.SqlRowsCopiedEventArgs e)

        {

            this.Text = e.RowsCopied.ToString();

            this.Update();

        }

    }

}

上面的TransferData基本可以直接使用，如果要考慮周全的話，可以用oledb來擷取excel的表結構，并且加入ColumnMappings來設定對照字段，這樣效果就完全可以做到和sqlserver的dts相同的效果了。

本文來自CSDN部落格，轉載請标明出處：http://blog.csdn.net/Linux7985/archive/2009/03/05/3959716.aspx