本文章為菲利克斯貓(Felix.mao) 原創,轉載務必在明顯處注明:
原文連結:http://blog.csdn.net/maojudong/article/details/7925043
首先在OS X 10.8 系統上安裝Homebrew:請參考文章Ruby系列文章之6 ---HomeBrew的安裝和簡單使用 http://blog.csdn.net/maojudong/article/details/7918291
第一步:安裝一些必要的開發工具(可選)
$brew installwget node imagemagick ack curl colordiff nginx sqlite libxml2 libxslt readline v8 sphinx xz geoip lzo automake
安裝資料庫MYSQL,rails系統預設用的sqllite3 資料庫系統,後面文章會專門有一篇講解如何配置mysql的
$brew install mysql
安裝過程中有一些重要提示資訊,需要認證的看下
配置資料庫
$ mysql_install_db --verbose --user=`whoami` --basedir="$(brew --prefix mysql)" --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql --tmpdir=/tmp
這裡暫時不測試mysql是否安裝成功,後面文章會專門有一篇講解如何配置mysql的
當然資料庫也可以選擇其他的,例如
postgresql
mongodb
用 brew install 安裝的時候,brew會從網絡下載下傳,然後安裝,如果你的網絡不給力,或是下載下傳不到,你可以将指定的
包自己手動下載下傳下來,然後放到/Library/Caches/Homebrew/ 目錄中
例如我的:
/Library/Caches/Homebrew/libxml2-2.8.0.tar.gz
/Library/Caches/Homebrew/libxslt-1.1.26.tar.gz
/Library/Caches/Homebrew/libyaml-0.1.4.tar.gz
然後在重新安裝就可以了
第二步:安裝RVM和配置RVM
$ bash < <(curl -s https://raw.github.com/wayneeseguin/rvm/master/binscripts/rvm-installer )
或者
$ curl -L get.rvm.io | bash -s stable 官網的方法
get.rvm.io網址其實會跳轉到https://raw.github.com/wayneeseguin/rvm/master/binscripts/rvm-installer 網址,是以兩種方式是相同的
上圖吧
可以看到系統幫我們添加了. bashrc 檔案(之前我并沒有這個檔案,之前我隻用了一個.profile檔案,你的可能是隻有.bashrc檔案),自動添加的内容為
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.rvm/bin # Add RVM to PATH for scripting 設定了rvm指令的工具到PATH中
再看上面的截圖,如果要啟動rvm系統,需要執行
source /Users/maojudong1984/.rvm/scripts/rvm
我不需要.bashrc ,也暫時不需要.zshrc 檔案,是以将裡面的内容
複制到 .profile 檔案中,但是有些小變動 ,最後在我的.profile檔案中加入如下内容,然後删除.barhrc 檔案
PATH=$HOME/.rvm/bin:$PATH # Add RVM to PATH for scripting
[[ -s "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" ]] && . "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" # Load RVM function
設定好後,重新開機終端
Last login: Wed Aug 29 21:29:09 on ttys000
$ which rvm
/Users/maojudong1984/.rvm/bin/rvm
可以看到系統已經啟用了rvm指令
第三步:用RVM安裝ruby
如果通過brew直接安裝了ruby,而不是通過rvm來安裝的,需要間的的更改下PATH變量,根據第二步設定.profile檔案,加入下面内容(同第二步)
PATH=$HOME/.rvm/bin:$PATH # Add RVM to PATH for scripting
[[ -s "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" ]] && . "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" # Load RVM function
安裝前說下我的環境 OS X 10.8.1 + XCODE4.4.1(已經安裝了外部編譯器)
是以編譯器是llvm-gcc-4.2
$ ls -l /usr/bin/gcc
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 12 8 24 04:25 /usr/bin/gcc -> llvm-gcc-4.2
$ll /usr/bin/llvm*
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 32B 8 24 04:26 /usr/bin/llvm-cpp-4.2@ -> ../llvm-gcc-4.2/bin/llvm-cpp-4.2
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 32B 8 24 04:26 /usr/bin/llvm-g++@ -> ../llvm-gcc-4.2/bin/llvm-g++-4.2
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 32B 8 24 04:26 /usr/bin/llvm-g++-4.2@ -> ../llvm-gcc-4.2/bin/llvm-g++-4.2
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 32B 8 24 04:26 /usr/bin/llvm-gcc@ -> ../llvm-gcc-4.2/bin/llvm-gcc-4.2
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 32B 8 24 04:26 /usr/bin/llvm-gcc-4.2@ -> ../llvm-gcc-4.2/bin/llvm-gcc-4.2
安裝1.9.3的提示資訊
$ rvm install 1.9.3
有一段提示資訊,看完提示資訊後(應該好好的看看這段提示資訊,很有價值哦),按q鍵可以繼續安裝
提示資訊(我加了中文的提示資訊)
For JRuby: Install the JDK. See http://developer.apple.com/java/download/ # Current Java version "1.6.0_26"
For IronRuby: Install Mono >= 2.6
For Ruby 1.9.3: Install libksba # If using Homebrew, 'brew install libksba' 第一個重要提示
To use an RVM installed Ruby as default, instead of the system ruby:
rvm install 1.8.7 # installs patch 357: closest supported version
rvm system ; rvm gemset export system.gems ; rvm 1.8.7 ; rvm gemset import system.gems # migrate your gems
rvm alias create default 1.8.7
And reopen your terminal windows.
Xcode and gcc:
Right now Ruby requires gcc to compile, but Xcode 4.2 and later no longer ship with gcc. Instead they ship with llvm-gcc (to which gcc is a symlink) and clang, neither of which are supported for building Ruby. Xcode 4.1 was the last version to ship gcc, which was /usr/bin/gcc-4.2.
Xcode 4.1 and earlier:
- Ruby will build fine.
Xcode 4.2 and later (including Command Line Tools for Xcode):
- If you have gcc-4.2 (and friends) from an earlier Xcode version, Ruby will build fine. 再起Xcode版本
- If you don't have gcc-4.2, you have two options to get it:
* Install apple-gcc42 from Homebrew //從homebrew安裝 apple-gcc42 第二個重要提示,我安裝是這個
* Install osx-gcc-installer //github上的項目 ,也可以用gcc的另外一個版本,好像在10.8系統上有小bug
Homebrew:
If you are using Homebrew, you can install the apple-gcc42 and required libraries from homebrew/dupes:
第三個重要提示
brew update
brew tap homebrew/dupes
brew install autoconf automake apple-gcc42 安裝編譯器,不過,我沒有安裝也成功編譯了,暫時不解,我的XCODE4.4.1 版本
rvm pkg install openssl
下載下傳位址
http://r.research.att.com/tools/gcc-42-5666.3-darwin11.pkg
This can live side by side with an existing Xcode 4.2+ install or Command Line Tools for Xcode.
另一種安裝方式:
osx-gcc-installer:
If you don't use Homebrew, you can download and install osx-gcc-installer: https://github.com/kennethreitz/osx-gcc-installer.
Warning: Installing osx-gcc-installer on top of a recent Xcode is known to cause problems, so you must uninstall Xcode before installing osx-gcc-installer. Afterwards you may install Xcode 4.2+ or Command Line Tools for Xcode if you desire.
** NOTE: Currently, Node.js is having issues building with osx-gcc-installer. The only fix is to install Xcode over osx-gcc-installer.
Press 'q' to continue.
上一個我的安裝截圖吧
根據提示資訊:依次安裝
$ brew install libksba
$ brew update
$ brew tap homebrew/dupes
$ brew install autoconf automake apple-gcc42
$ rvm pkg install openssl
安裝過程中的錯誤,通過gem update --system 自我安裝來解決
第四步: 安裝rails等架構
$gem install rails bundler unicorn pg
耐心等待一段時間,會安裝一系列相關的軟體
到此為止,基本安裝完成
下面驗證下安裝的rails 是不是可以使用
重新開機終端後
$ which rails
/Users/maojudong1984/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin/rails
$ rails -v
Rails 3.2.8
$ which ruby
/Users/maojudong1984/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin/ruby
$ ruby -v
ruby 1.9.3p194 (2012-04-20 revision 35410) [x86_64-darwin12.1.0]
已經找到了rails
建立站點
$ rails new CHMrvmtest
$ cd CHMrvmtest
$ rails s 啟動服務
服務啟動成功
rvm具體的使用方法
https://rvm.io/rubies/installing/
同上一篇文字一樣,如果你想恢複到系統預設的ruby1.8.7 和系統預設的rails,隻要在
.profile檔案中将相應的代碼注釋掉即可
#PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.rvm/bin # Add RVM to PATH for scripting
#[[ -s "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" ]] && . "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" # Load RVM function
這樣做的好處是:不破壞原有的蘋果生态系統
好了,到此結束
本文章為菲利克斯貓(Felix.mao) 原創,轉載務必在明顯處注明:
原文連結:http://blog.csdn.net/maojudong/article/details/7925043