研究：槍擊取代車禍，成美國人創傷緻死的首要原因

在過去很長一段時間，車禍是美國人過早死亡的第一大原因，如今情況發生變化——這一“不光彩”的名聲被槍擊占據。美國一項最新研究顯示，2017年起，該國槍擊導緻的“潛在壽命損失年數”已超過車禍造成的相關損失資料。槍擊已成為美國人創傷緻死的首要原因。

A man holds a FN509 Compact pistol as he helps a customer at WEX Gunworks on March 24, 2021 in Delray Beach, Florida, US. [Photo/Agncies]

Firearm-related deaths are continuing their rapid rise in the US, with a new study finding they have overtaken car crashes as the leading cause of "years of potential life lost" due to trauma.

一項新研究發現，因美國的槍擊死亡人數持續激增，槍擊已經超過車禍，成為該國創傷緻過早死亡的主要原因。

In 2017, there were 1.44 million years of potential life lost due to firearm deaths, edging out that of motor vehicle crashes (1.37 million years), according to the study published Tuesday in the journalTrauma Surgery and Acute Care Open. And that trend continued in 2018.

根據2月22日發表在《創傷外科和急診護理》雜志上的研究，2017年，槍擊導緻的潛在壽命損失年數為144萬年，略高于車禍的137萬年。2018年依然保持這一趨勢。

Those numbers are based on data from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention between 2009 and 2018, the most recent year for which data was available.

該研究資料基于2009年至2018年美國疾病控制和預防中心的資料。現有資料最新更新至2018年。

Researchers used the CDC standard formula to calculate years of potential life lost by subtracting the age of death from the standard age of 80, to represent the average US life expectancy of 78.7 years and then added the differences.

研究人員使用美國疾控中心的标準公式計算潛在壽命損失年數，方法是用80歲（與美國人的平均壽命78.7歲接近）減去死者的年齡，然後将差額相加。

The study found that suicides accounted for most of the deaths by firearms -- and those deaths had been in increasing.

這項研究發現，自殺占與槍支有關的死亡人數的大部分，而且這一數字一直在增加。

The number of suicides by firearm rose from fewer than 19,000 in 2009 to over 24,000 in 2018. Across the 10 years studied, White men made up the majority of suicide-related firearm deaths, with 4.95 million years of potential life lost.

持槍自殺的人數從2009年的不到19000人上升到2018年的24000多人。在研究的10年中，持槍自殺身亡的大多數是白人男性，他們的潛在壽命損失年數為495萬年。

Meanwhile, the majority of homicide-related firearm deaths were among Black men, with 3.2 million years of potential life lost, the study found.

同時，該研究發現，大多數持槍兇殺案的死者是黑人男性，他們的潛在壽命損失年數為320萬年。

"Previous studies have shown that firearm ownership, mass shootings, injuries and death are more of a problem in the USA as compared with other developed countries," the researchers wrote. "

研究人員寫道：“此前的研究表明，與其他發達國家相比，槍支所有權、大規模槍擊案、傷亡等問題在美國更為突出。”

來源：CNN

編輯：董靜