這裡入門junit 為單元測試做準備,,以前随便寫的 https://junit.org/junit5/ github https://github.com/junit-team/junit5/
依照的官方文檔為https://junit.org/junit5/docs/current/user-guide/#overview-java-versions
此官方文檔有中文版本https://sjyuan.cc/junit5/user-guide-cn/
什麼是Junit
自動化測試架構
示例工程
示例工程在github上 https://github.com/junit-team/junit5-samples/tree/r5.3.0/junit5-jupiter-starter-maven
編寫測試
package com.ming.servlet; import com.sun.org.glassfish.gmbal.ParameterNames; import org.junit.jupiter.api.*; import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest; import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.CsvFileSource; import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*; class CoverageSampleMethodsTest { private final CoverageSampleMethods coverageSampleMethods = new CoverageSampleMethods(); @BeforeEach void setUp() { } @AfterEach void tearDown() { } @Test @DisplayName("ming") void testMethod() { assertTrue(coverageSampleMethods.testMethod(1,2,3)); } } 此時的maven工程
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.ming</groupId> <artifactId>messageBoard</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <name>messageBoard Maven Webapp</name> <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website --> <url>http://www.example.com</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>tomcat</groupId> <artifactId>servlet</artifactId> <version>4.0.6</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>8.0.15</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.5.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId> <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId> <version>5.5.0-M1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId> <artifactId>junit-jupiter-params</artifactId> <version>5.5.0-M1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId> <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId> <version>5.5.0-M1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>messageBoard</finalName> <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) --> <plugins> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </plugin> <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging --> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.0.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.8.0</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.22.1</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.2.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.5.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.8.2</version> </plugin> </plugins> </pluginManagement> </build> </project> 測試覆寫率
行覆寫
行覆寫,為語句覆寫,度量可執行的語句是否執行到
package com.ming.servlet; import org.junit.jupiter.api.*; import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*; class CoverageSampleMethodsTest { @BeforeEach void setUp() { } @AfterEach void tearDown() { } @Test @DisplayName("testMethod") void testMethod() { CoverageSampleMethods coverageSampleMethods = new CoverageSampleMethods(); Assertions.assertTrue(coverageSampleMethods.testMethod(1,2,0)); } } 此時已經測試到了所有的行
條件判定覆寫
判定中的每個可能的條件都執行一遍
package com.ming.servlet; import com.sun.org.glassfish.gmbal.ParameterNames; import org.junit.jupiter.api.*; import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest; import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.CsvFileSource; import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.CsvSource; import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*; class CoverageSampleMethodsTest { @BeforeEach void setUp() { } @AfterEach void tearDown() { } @ParameterizedTest @DisplayName("testMethod") @CsvSource({ "0 ,2, 3", "1, 0, 3", }) void testMethod(int a, int b, int c) { CoverageSampleMethods coverageSampleMethods = new CoverageSampleMethods(); Assertions.assertTrue(coverageSampleMethods.testMethod(a,b,c)); } } 可以看到兩個測試用例全部通過,此時三種條件全部覆寫掉
分支覆寫
程式中運作的分支都要覆寫掉
條件組合覆寫
條件組合覆寫,判定中的所有條件各種組合都至少出現一次
package com.ming.servlet; import com.sun.org.glassfish.gmbal.ParameterNames; import org.junit.jupiter.api.*; import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest; import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.CsvFileSource; import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.CsvSource; import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*; class CoverageSampleMethodsTest { @BeforeEach void setUp() { } @AfterEach void tearDown() { } @ParameterizedTest @DisplayName("testMethod") @CsvSource({ "1, 2, 3", "1, 2, 0", "1, 0, 3", "0, 2, 3", "0, 0, 3" }) void testMethod(int a, int b, int c) { CoverageSampleMethods coverageSampleMethods = new CoverageSampleMethods(); Assertions.assertTrue(coverageSampleMethods.testMethod(a,b,c)); } } 路徑覆寫
測試到程式中的所有的可能的路徑
package com.ming.servlet; import com.sun.org.glassfish.gmbal.ParameterNames; import org.junit.jupiter.api.*; import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest; import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.CsvFileSource; import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.CsvSource; import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*; class CoverageSampleMethodsTest { @BeforeEach void setUp() { } @AfterEach void tearDown() { } @ParameterizedTest @DisplayName("testMethod") @CsvSource({ "1, 2, 0", "1, 0, 3", "0, 0, 3" }) void testMethod(int a, int b, int c) { CoverageSampleMethods coverageSampleMethods = new CoverageSampleMethods(); Assertions.assertTrue(coverageSampleMethods.testMethod(a,b,c)); } } 單元測試結構
package com.ming.servlet; import com.sun.org.glassfish.gmbal.ParameterNames; import org.junit.jupiter.api.*; import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest; import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.CsvFileSource; import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.CsvSource; import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*; class CoverageSampleMethodsTest { // 待測試的執行個體 private CoverageSampleMethods coverageSampleMethods; // 定義整個測試開始的 // 全局資源 外部資源,測試樁的建立 @BeforeAll static void init(){ } // 測試完成後執行的操作 // 全局和外部資源的釋放和銷毀 @AfterAll static void cleanup(){ } // 每個測試用例開始的時候執行 // 基礎資料 測試環境 @BeforeEach void setUp() { } // 完成後 資料清理 @AfterEach void tearDown() { } // 測試用例 @Test void testMethod(int a, int b, int c) { CoverageSampleMethods coverageSampleMethods = new CoverageSampleMethods(); Assertions.assertTrue(coverageSampleMethods.testMethod(a,b,c)); } } ![Linux 7 中配置Apache服務，及禁止ip通路，删除apache廣告頁面。[圖]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=)