模块介绍:
1、微波雷达感应开关模块

RCWL-0516传感器模块是替代常见的PIR运动传感器的极佳选择,RCWL-0516传感器广泛应用于防盗报警器和安全灯。RCWL-0516传感器与PIR传感器一样,只能检测到探测范围内的物体运动,不能探测到移动物体的黑体辐射。RCWL-0516传感器是采用“微波多普勒雷达”技术来探测移动物体,因此它也被称作多普勒传感器,探测距离范围是7米左右。 当被触发时,它的TTL-level (OUT)针将在2s到3s内从低电平(0V)转换到高电平(3.5V),然后返回到IDLE(低)状态.
2、超声波模块
超声波模块是一种常用的测距工具,一般用在避障小车,水位监控系统中
工作原理就是起初先给这两个引脚都拉低,然后让TRIG引脚拉高10微秒以上再拉低产生一个脉冲起始信号(程序中我们是拉高20微秒)。起始信号一开启,ECHO引脚就会被拉高的同时,超声波开始发射,ECHO引脚检测到反射回来的信号时就会被拉低,因为声速为340m/s。那么测出的距离就是
(ECHO引脚高电平持续的时间*340m/s)/2。
接线:
测试程序:
1、雷达测试:
观察LED灯和串口的状态,无人为0
volatile int item;
void setup(){
item = 0;
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(11, OUTPUT);
}
void loop(){
item = analogRead(A0);
Serial.println(item);
if (item >= 70) {
digitalWrite(11,HIGH);
} else {
digitalWrite(11,LOW);
}
}
2、超声波测试程序
串口打印超声波的距离,单位cm
#define Trig 2 //引脚Tring 连接 IO D2
#define Echo 3 //引脚Echo 连接 IO D3
float cm; //距离变量
float temp; //
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(Trig, OUTPUT);
pinMode(Echo, INPUT);
}
void loop() {
//给Trig发送一个低高低的短时间脉冲,触发测距
digitalWrite(Trig, LOW); //给Trig发送一个低电平
delayMicroseconds(2); //等待 2微妙
digitalWrite(Trig,HIGH); //给Trig发送一个高电平
delayMicroseconds(10); //等待 10微妙
digitalWrite(Trig, LOW); //给Trig发送一个低电平
temp = float(pulseIn(Echo, HIGH)); //存储回波等待时间,
//pulseIn函数会等待引脚变为HIGH,开始计算时间,再等待变为LOW并停止计时
//返回脉冲的长度
//声速是:340m/1s 换算成 34000cm / 1000000μs => 34 / 1000
//因为发送到接收,实际是相同距离走了2回,所以要除以2
//距离(厘米) = (回波时间 * (34 / 1000)) / 2
//简化后的计算公式为 (回波时间 * 17)/ 1000
cm = (temp * 17 )/1000; //把回波时间换算成cm
Serial.print("Echo =");
Serial.print(temp);//串口输出等待时间的原始数据
Serial.print(" | | Distance = ");
Serial.print(cm);//串口输出距离换算成cm的结果
Serial.println("cm");
delay(100);
最终程序:
现象:雷达和超声波检测,OLED屏幕显示是否有人,并显示人的距离,同时ws2812b亮起
/************************************
* 项目:雷达和超声波检测+OLED+ws2812b
* 现象:检测到人分别亮不同的颜色,并在LED显示状态
***********************************/
#include "U8glib.h"
#include "FastLED.h" //程序需要使用FastLED库
#define button1 13 //触摸按键接口定义
#define NUM_LEDS 8 // LED灯珠数量
#define LED_DT 2 // Arduino输出控制信号引脚
#define DATA_PIN 9 // Arduino输出控制信号引脚
#define LED_TYPE WS2812 // LED灯带型号
#define COLOR_ORDER GRB // RGB灯珠中红色、绿色、蓝色LED的排列顺序
const int ledPin = 13;
const int inputPin = 8;
//U8GLIB_SSD1306_128X64 u8g(U8G_I2C_OPT_NONE|U8G_I2C_OPT_DEV_0);
U8GLIB_SSD1306_128X64 u8g(U8G_I2C_OPT_NONE);
CRGB leds[NUM_LEDS]; // 建立光带leds
uint8_t max_bright = 128; // LED亮度控制变量,可使用数值为 0 ~ 255, 数值越大则光带亮度越高
uint8_t openState = 0;
uint8_t c = 0;
uint8_t cishu = 0;
uint8_t val, flag=0;
const int TrigPin = 4; //超声波引脚
const int EchoPin = 5;
long duration, cm;
unsigned long previousBlinkTime;
int blinkInterval = 1000; //LED闪烁时间间隔
bool toggle;
static unsigned char deng[] U8G_PROGMEM = {0x00,0x00,0x7E,0x3E,0x40,0x22,0x40,0x12,0x42,0x12,0x24,0x0A,0x28,0x12,0x10,0x12,
0x10,0x22,0x28,0x22,0x28,0x22,0x44,0x16,0x42,0x0A,0x01,0x02,0x00,0x02,0x00,0x02,/*"邓",0*/};
static unsigned char zhao[] U8G_PROGMEM = {0x00,0x00,0xBE,0x3F,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x29,0xBE,0x10,0x22,0x3F,
0x22,0x21,0x22,0x21,0x22,0x21,0x3E,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x12,0x11,0x22,0x22,0x21,0x22,/*"照",1*/};
static unsigned char quan[] U8G_PROGMEM = {0x08,0x00,0xC8,0x3F,0x88,0x20,0x88,0x20,0xBF,0x20,0x08,0x11,0x0C,0x11,0x1C,0x11,
0x2A,0x0A,0x2A,0x0A,0x09,0x04,0x08,0x04,0x08,0x0A,0x08,0x11,0x88,0x20,0x68,0x40,/*"权",2*/};
void button_State()
{
//A
if(digitalRead(button1)){ //检测按键是否按下
delay(20); //延时去抖动
if(digitalRead(button1)){//判断长短键
openState++;
}
while(digitalRead(button1));
}
}
void millisBlink(unsigned long currentTime) {
//检查是否到达时间间隔
if (currentTime - previousBlinkTime >= blinkInterval) { //如果时间间隔达到了
/**执行的内容**/
cishu++;
previousBlinkTime = currentTime; // 将检查时间复位
Serial.print(F("toggle = "));Serial.println(toggle);
} else if (currentTime - previousBlinkTime <= 0) { // 如果millis时间溢出
previousBlinkTime = currentTime;
}
}
void csb_cj(void)
{
//pinMode(TrigPin, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(TrigPin, LOW);
delayMicroseconds( 2);
digitalWrite(TrigPin, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds( 5);
digitalWrite(TrigPin, LOW);
//pinMode(EchoPin, INPUT);
duration = pulseIn(EchoPin, HIGH);
cm = microsecondsToCentimeters(duration);
// Serial.print(cm);
// Serial.print( " cm ");
// Serial.println();
}
long microsecondsToCentimeters( long microseconds)
{
return microseconds / 29 / 2;
}
void LED_Blink(void)
{
if(val == HIGH)
{
flag = 0;
leds[0] = CRGB::Red;
// FastLED.show();
leds[1] = CRGB::Blue;
FastLED.show();
delay(200);
leds[0] = CRGB::Blue;
// FastLED.show();
leds[1] = CRGB::Red;
FastLED.show();
delay(150);
}
else if(val == LOW)
{
flag = 1;
leds[0] = CRGB::Black; // 设置光带中第一个灯珠颜色为红色,leds[0]为第一个灯珠,leds[1]为第二个灯珠
FastLED.show(); // 更新LED色彩
delay(150);
leds[1] = CRGB::Black;
FastLED.show();
}
}
void draw0(void) {
u8g.drawXBMP( 0, 16, 16, 16, deng);
u8g.drawXBMP( 16, 16, 16, 16, zhao);
u8g.drawXBMP( 32, 16, 16, 16, quan);
u8g.setFont(u8g_font_unifont);
if(flag)
u8g.drawStr( 52, 28, "AnQuan");
else
u8g.drawStr( 52, 28, "WARNING!");
u8g.drawStr( 0, 45, "SR04:");
u8g.setPrintPos(42,45);
u8g.print(cm);
u8g.drawStr( 65, 45, "cm");
}
void draw1(void) {
// u8g.drawXBMP( 0, 16, 16, 16, deng);
// u8g.drawXBMP( 16, 16, 16, 16, zhao);
// u8g.drawXBMP( 32, 16, 16, 16, quan);
u8g.setFont(u8g_font_unifont);
u8g.drawStr( 0, 45, "Numb:");
// u8g2.drawUTF8(0, 45,"距离:");
u8g.setPrintPos(42,45);
u8g.print(c++);
}
void mode_0()
{
u8g.firstPage();
do {
draw0();
} while( u8g.nextPage() );
}
void mode_1()
{
u8g.firstPage();
do {
draw1();
} while( u8g.nextPage() );
}
void setup() {
// put your setup code here, to run once:
Serial.begin(115200);
// u8g2.begin();
// u8g2.enableUTF8Print();
pinMode(button1, INPUT);
pinMode(12, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(12, HIGH);
pinMode(TrigPin, OUTPUT); //超声波引脚初始化
pinMode(EchoPin, INPUT);
LEDS.addLeds<LED_TYPE, DATA_PIN, COLOR_ORDER>(leds, NUM_LEDS); // 初始化光带
FastLED.setBrightness(max_bright); // 设置光带亮度
//将引脚13设置为输出模式
// pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
//将引脚2设置为输入上拉模式
//引脚2与外部按钮连接
pinMode(inputPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
}
void loop() {
csb_cj();
val = digitalRead(inputPin);
unsigned long currentMillis = millis(); // 获取当前时间
millisBlink(currentMillis);
Serial.println(val);
LED_Blink();
//delay(100);
// int sensorValue = analogRead(A0);
// // print out the value you read:
// Serial.println(sensorValue);
button_State();
switch (openState)
{
case 0:
// openState = 0;
mode_0(); //
break;
case 1:
mode_1(); //
break;
case 2:
// mode_2(); //
break;
case 3:
// mode_3(); //
break;
default:
break;
}
if(openState == 3) openState = 0;
// Serial.println(openState);
}