There are more than 10,000 Wen surnames in Heshan City, mainly distributed in Qingwen, Wufu and Xiaoxiang townships in Longkou Town, Jiangtou, Weidun and Shuangqiao in Gulao Town, and Jingcun, Shangsha and Shuanglong in Zhaowu Town. Although the Wen clan of Heshan is scattered, it has a long history of being from the same source.
Wen's origins
The "Chronicle of Heshan County" and the Genealogy of the Wen clan of the Ming and Qing dynasties in Heshan, Xinhui, Xinxing, Shunde, Deqing, Xinyi and other places record that the distant ancestors of the Wen clan of Heshan are from the surname Ji and are descendants of Tang Shuyu, the son of King Wu of Zhou.
Tang Shuyu (唐叔虞), also known as Ji Yu (姬虞), was a tang monarch of the Tang dynasty during the reign of King Cheng of Western Zhou in the eleventh century BC. If Tang Shuyu is the midpoint and crosses the Zhou Dynasty to find the roots of the ancestors, the ancestor of the Wen clan is the Yellow Emperor.
According to ancient legend, the Yellow Emperor's original surname was Gongsun , because he grew up in the Jishui Valley ( about the present-day northern Shaanxi ) , and later took Ji as a surname. It is said that the Yellow Emperor sent 25 sons to various places to serve as leaders of the party to help him govern the world. Among the 25 sons of the Yellow Emperor, one was named Xuan huan. From Xuanhuo XVII to Ji Chang, that is, King Wen of Zhou, during the Shang Dynasty, he was known as Xi Bochang, the founder of Western Zhou. During his fifty years as a prince in the Zhou Kingdom, he cared about the sufferings of the people, was a corporal of the Lixian, and had a prominent moral government, and in his later years he went east to cut the merchants, laying the foundation for the Wu King to destroy the merchants. The eighteenth dynasty passed to Ji Fa and was known as King Wu of Zhou. King Wu of Zhou could not bear the cruelty and tyranny of King Shang, and led various princes to launch a war against King Shang, and finally overthrew the Shang Dynasty and established the Zhou Dynasty. Wen's ancestor Tang Shuyu was the son of King Wu of Zhou and the younger brother of King Cheng of Zhou. The "Records of History" has a clear record of the lineage of the Yellow Emperor to the Zhou Dynasty, so it can be said that the Wen clan of Heshan originated from the royal family of the Zhou Dynasty and was actually a descendant of the Yellow Emperor.
Legend has it that one day, when King Cheng of Zhou, who had already succeeded to the throne, was playing a game with his younger brother Shu Yu, he handed a sycamore leaf as a jade used by the emperors and princes to hold ceremonies, and said, "This is for you." This was originally a joke when making a game, but it was recorded by the Zhou Gong (Yi Shi Yi), who was standing on the sidelines, and he thought that Tianzi had no joke, so he later reminded King Zhou Cheng to choose a good day to divide Shu Yu. King Cheng, in desperation, enfeoffed Shu Yu in Tang (present-day Western Yicheng County, Shanxi), and gave him the surname Jiuzong (i.e., the nine clans of the Chi Di Kui surname) and the official Wuzheng (a nobleman who served as the head of the five senses), allowing him to establish a state in Shu di and establish the capital in Tang, with the state name Tang, and Shu Yu was also known as Tang ShuYu. This allusion history is called "Tong Ye Feng Di", or "Cutting Tong as a Play", Lü Shi Chunqiu. Tautology" and "Historia. It is recorded in the Jin Shijia. Wen Clan Genealogy and Heshan County Chronicle. The Surname also mentions this allusion when describing the origin of the Wen clan of Heshan. Tang Shuyu's son Xie (燮) was later renamed in Jin (present-day Taiyuan, Shanxi) and became the Marquis of Jin, and his descendants were assigned to a place called Wenyi as chiefs, so they took the surname Wen according to the place, and thus passed it on from generation to generation. The Wen clan of Heshan originated in Taiyuan Zhaoji, so the county looked at Taiyuan, and the hall name was Taiyuan Hall.
Into the Ancestor of Cantonese
The ancestor of the Wen clan of Heshan, Zhen Jing, Zhou Mu, Wen Ning (1211-1280), song Lizong Chun 11 years (1251) temple trial jinshi, originally from Luoyang, Henan.
Some local chronicles and historical materials have more detailed records of Wen Wenning's entry into Guangdong. The "ZhiGuan directly subordinate to Nanxiong Prefecture" compiled by Dai Xilun, the prefect of Nanxiong in the 4th year of Qing Daoguang, said: "Wen Jing, a native of Henan, XianChun 4 years raised the sentence of Lingnan zhi benzhou affairs." According to this account, Wen Wenning was appointed as the governor of Nanxiong Prefecture in 1268 and was responsible for the administration of justice in the Lingnan region at that time.
Wen Wenning was the last Zhizhou of Nanxiong Prefecture in the Southern Song Dynasty. The time of his tenure coincided with the last year of the Southern Song Dynasty, when the Yuan army was advancing step by step, and the Southern Song Dynasty was facing a great disaster. In the first month of 1276, the Yuan army approached Lin'an, and the Southern Song government surrendered to the Yuan army. In May, Wen Wenning abandoned his official position and left Nanxiong, went to Fuzhou to respond and joined Zhang Shijie and other anti-Yuan generals, and together supported Zhao Zhao to ascend the throne, changed Yuan Jingyan, and continued to resist Yuan. In July, Fuzhou fell, and Wen Wenning, together with Zhang Shijie and others, escorted the emperor into the sea and drifted at sea with the exiled court of the Southern Song Dynasty for more than a year. In April 1278, the Song Emperor Zhao Died of Illness in Gangzhou (in present-day Leizhou Peninsula), and was succeeded by his brother Zhao Fu. Wen Wenning moved with the Southern Song court to XinhuiYashan for final resistance. In February 1279, the Yuan Dynasty army reduced the siege of the Southern Song Dynasty, and the Yuan general Zhang Hongfan led an army to attack Xinhui Yashan, Wen Wenning was nearly seventy years old at the time, but still led the army to confront Zhang Hongfan's army at the foot of Yamen Mountain, but unfortunately several battles were unsuccessful.
The history of the Southern Song Dynasty ended with the defeat of Xinhui Yashan, and the Yuan Dynasty unified the world from then on. Those soldiers who struggled to resist the Yuan army were later sacrificed by posterity as anti-Yuan heroes. Wen Wenning was also highly respected by posterity because he had participated in the battle of Protecting the Emperor and Yashan Mountain. After his death, his descendants buried him in the Yashan Battlefield where he had fought against the Yuan army, returning his soul to the Southern Song Dynasty and forever serving the country with loyalty and righteousness. The tomb is located at the cliff gate about 3 kilometers east of the current Yanan Town in Xinhui City, facing the sea behind the mountain, across the sea from the yamen ancient fort built by the Qing Dynasty.
According to the genealogy, Wen Wenning married three wives Yao, Wang and Zhang before his death, and had six sons in total. The eldest son, Zhongli, whose descendants now reside in Nanhai; the second son, Zhongzhi, whose descendants now live in Dongguan and Bao'an; the third son, Zhongfu, whose descendants now live in Xinhui, Heshan, Taishan, and Qingyuan; the fourth son, Zhongxun, whose descendants now live in Shunde and Zhongshan; the fifth son, Zhongzhi, whose descendants now live in Deqing; and the sixth son, Zhongdian, whose descendants now live in Wuzhou, Guangxi.
Because Wen Wenning lived in Zhujie Lane in Shashui Village when he was in Nanxiong Zhizhou, Heshan Wen clan can also be regarded as a Zhujie Lane person. However, the ancestors of the Wen clan of Heshan left Zhujie Lane because they followed the Southern Song Court to resist the Yuan, which was different from the migration situation of other clans.
Reproduction Overview
In the Song, Yuan and Ming dynasties, Heshan County had not yet been established, and the local division belonged to Xinhui County and Xinxing County. Heshan County was established in the 10th year of Yongzheng (1732) of the Qing Dynasty, and only 287 years ago (2019). In the early Yuan Dynasty (c. 1281), the Wen clan entered the present-day Longkou XiaoXiang of Heshan (then part of xinhui Gulaodu), that is, more than 450 years before the establishment of Heshan County, the Wen clan flourished in the land of Heshan.
In that year, Wen Wenning and several of his sons followed the Southern Song Court from Nanxiong to Xinhui Yashan to resist the defeat of the Yuan, and were the first to live in Xinhui Baishi (now Baishi, a suburb of Jiangmen City). In the first month of 1280, shortly after Wen Wenning's death, his third son, Zhongfu, migrated from Baishi to Xiaoxiang.
Zhongfu (Chinese: 中福; pinyin: Zhōng fu) is the second ancestor of the Wen clan of Heshan, commonly known as the Da Lin Zu. Zhongfu had five sons, the eldest son had virtue, the second son had Liang, the third son had Light, the fourth son had karma, and the fifth son had Shu. Among the five sons, except for shuqian Xinhui Shuangshuiwang Jingtou, the others all branches and leaves in Heshan.
Judging from the fact that the descendants of Zhongfu have multiplied and lived in Heshan for more than 700 years, the various tribes are relatively concentrated in the three towns of Longkou, Gulao, and Zhaowu. According to traditional customs, the Heshan Wen clan can be divided into four tribes, and the reproduction and main distribution of each tribe are:
There are tribes of Virtue. There are three sons of Desheng Laifu, Laiyi, and Laifeng, who migrated from Xiaoxiang (from Xinhui Baishi) in the early Yuan Dynasty to the current Zhaowu Town. According to Kao, when the Youde tribe migrated to Zhaowu 700 years ago, the local area was still barren mountains and grassy fields, and administratively it was under the jurisdiction of Shuangqiaodu, Xinxing County, Xinxing County, NSW, and there was no name for Zhaowu. The Youde tribe has been handed down to 26 generations, and there are more than 2,000 people in Zhaowu Town, mainly distributed in the town's Dongmen, Oucun, Wucun, Tishan, Xiukeng, Shuanglong and other villages.
There are bright tribes. There were two sons of Liangsheng Yongxing and Yixing, and their descendants migrated from Longkou Xiaoxiang to the villages of Anfen, Cangxia, Ouxia, Shilong, Banting, and Zhashui from Longkou Xiaoxiang. The population of this tribe is dominated by the current Longkou Wufu, all of whom are descendants of Youliang except for a very small number of miscellaneous surnames, with a total population of more than 3,200 people.
There are tribes of light. There are three sons of Guangsheng Dongyang, Meipu and Jiuxiong. According to Kao, the descendants of Youguang first moved out of Xiaoxiang and moved to the current Village of Qingwenwentang in Longkou around 1281. In honor of the ancestor Wen Wenning, the tribe specially named the village "Wentang". In 1368, the descendants of Meipu, the second son of Youguang, branched from Wentang to Qingcaogang. When Qingcaogang opened the village, the surrounding mountains were lined with trees, green grass was full of hills, and the village was under the grassy hill, so it got the name of the village, and because there was a stream flowing through the northwest of the village, Qingcaogang was also called "Qingxi". At present, Qingxi is divided into four natural villages: Lantang, Wayao, Nanshan and Mengang, all of which are inhabited by the descendants of Youguang. Qingxi, together with Wentang, Shuiliu, Gangding, Jiucun, Xining, Xincun, etc., is under the jurisdiction of the Qingwen Village Committee of the current Longkou Town, and There are nearly 2,700 descendants of Qingwen who live in Youguang.
There are branches of karma. There are four sons of Yesheng Shineng, Shi Gang, Shi Chao, and Shi Hong, and some of their descendants stay in Xiaoxiang, and some of them migrate to Jiangtou, Weidun, Shuangqiao and other places in Gulao Town. Among them, the fourth son of Youye, Shi Hongsheng Guoyu and Tingyu, moved to Xixiang, Dongguan (now part of Bao'an) in Xiaoxiang, and his descendants are now scattered in Bao'an and Hong Kong's Hao Chung, Ma On Shan, Tai Po Tsai and other places. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the early days of the founding of New China, the descendants of Heshan youye branched into the current Hecheng Town. At present, there are about 2,300 people in the branch of Heshan City.
According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 10,000 descendants of Wen's Zhongfu (Da Lin) living in heshan City, and if you add the descendants of Zhongfu from Heshan who go out to work and live abroad and in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, the total number exceeds 20,000. If the descendants of Zhongfu who have been branched in Liangguang and various counties and cities in the past are counted, it will be a larger number.
(The article is reproduced from: Heshan Boya Book City, if there are any mistakes or omissions, welcome to leave a message to share.) ）