How to view Zhang Jie, a famous minister of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period?

Speaking of Zhang Jie, I think many people have not heard of it, because the characters of the Three Kingdoms that we have heard are often prominent roles in the interpretation. For such a famous courtier as Zhang Jie, there is not much description in the speech, and we naturally don't know much about it. However, in the Three Kingdoms period, Zhang was also a famous person, one of the "Eight Gentlemen of Wei and Jin", but later generations did not know much about him. So, how do we evaluate Zhang Jie?

First of all, let's understand the life of Zhang Jie, Zhang Jie's birth year is unknown, in the fourth year of the Huang Dynasty (223), Zhang Jiexue was in office, the character Derong, Feng Yi Gaoling people, that is, the people of Gaoling District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province. Zhang was born into a family of small landlords, a wealthy family, polite and amiable. At the age of sixteen, he served as a subordinate official in Feng Yi County, and later was promoted several times, and was promoted by the county as a filial piety, but did not go to the capital to enter the Lang Bureau as an official. In the first year of Jian'an (196), after Cao Cao became Sikong, he recruited Zhang Jie, but he did not arrive. Later, he was promoted to Xinfeng County Order by shiraku and promoted to Xinfeng County, and during his tenure his political achievements ranked first among the three auxiliary counties.

Zhang has both strategy and courage, and is an outstanding debater. In the twenty-fourth year of Jian'an (219), Liu Bei occupied Hanzhong Tianjian, Cao Cao attacked several times and could not defeat it, many soldiers fled, had to abandon Hanzhong, and feared that Liu Beibei would take the Wu capital and enter Guanzhong, asking Zhang Jie. Zhang Jie replied, "We can persuade the people to move out and avoid the enemy in places where there is enough food." Rewards are given to those who come first. So the people of the Krypton will rush to it. Cao Cao acted according to the plan, sending Zhang to Wudu and more than 50,000 people to settle in Fufeng and Tianshui counties. During the Battle of Hedong, the Xiongnu were only engaged in rebellion in Pingyang, Zhong Xuan and others attacked to encircle and suppress, but did not conquer, and Guo Yuan and Gao Gan's army had reached Hedong, and once again colluded with Han Sui and Ma Teng, and the situation was very unfavorable to Cao Cao. Therefore, Zhong Xuan sent Zhang Jie to persuade Ma Teng to participate in the rebellion of Gao Gan and Zhang Sheng, so that Gao Gan and the Xiongnu Shan Yu were forced to surrender. He also attacked Zhang Sheng and others with Ma Teng, and beheaded Wei Gu and Zhang Yan. In the face of critical survival, Zhang Jian persuaded Ma Teng with his words to help Cao Cao solve the problem of the northwest frontier, and was an outstanding debater.

He has distinguished himself and is good at dealing with problems. In the twenty-third year of Jian'an (218), Liu Bei attacked Hanzhong, and sent the generals Wu Lan and Lei Tong to attack Wudu, and Zhang Jie and the capital general Cao Hong broke Wu Lan's defense. Cao Cao marched south to Jingzhou, because Ma Teng and other supporters divided Guanzhong, so Cao Cao sent Zhang Jie to send a message to Ma Teng, asking him to break away from the army and enter the court as an official, although Ma Teng had promised, but he was always depressed. Fearing change, Zhang ordered the counties to reserve grain and materials in case of emergency. Ordering the officials above the level of two thousand stones to go out of the suburbs to greet them, Ma Teng had no choice but to enter the dynasty. Cao Cao made him a wei lieutenant, and his family moved to Yecheng, where he made his son Ma Chao a general and commanded Ma Teng's army. During Zhang's tenure as Jing Zhaoyin, Zhang both recruited displaced people, Xingfu County, and the people Huaizhi. Later, Zhang also quelled the rebellion in Liangzhou, and Cao Pi commented that he was "not able to anandaly in Liangzhou." ”。 It can be seen that Zhang has a strong ability to deal with problems.

He was also a man of compassion for the people. Zhang and Xiahou Yuan suppressed the rebellion of Song Jian, a Qiang man who had been in turmoil for more than thirty years, and Cao Cao wanted to relocate the people to charge Hebei, causing panic and riots after the people of Longxi, Tianshui, and Nan'an caused panic and riots. Even if Zhang exempted the officials and officials from taxes in the three counties, let them clean up their houses and build water mortars, showing that there was no intention of relocating the people of Longyou County, the people's hearts and minds settled.

Zhang is also a person with a long-term vision. Twenty years after Jian'an, Zhang Jie followed Cao Cao in his campaign against Zhang Lu, and after Zhang Lu surrendered, in order to avoid Zhang Lu's comeback, he suggested that tens of thousands of households in Hanzhong be pulled up to enrich Chang'an and Sanfu, and it was this decision that made Liu Bei later only get Hanzhong and no people. In the twenty-fourth year of Jian'an, the Wuwei people Yan Jun, Zhangye renhe luan, Jiuquan people Huang Hua, Xiping ren Qi Yan and other counties rebelled, claiming to be generals and attacking each other. Yan Jun sent his mother and son to Cao Cao as hostages for assistance. Cao Cao asked Zhang Ji about his calculations, and he replied, "Yan Jun and others have evil intentions, and if they are saved this time, they will certainly rebel after their power is strong." It is better to sit and watch the tiger fight, so that it will lose both sides, and then we will imitate Bian Zhuangzi to stab the tiger and sit and kill him. Cao Cao said good. A year later, Heluan killed Yan Jun, and King Secret of Wuwei killed Heluan again. Zhang's eyes can be seen.

Although Zhang Jie is not well known now, later historians have highly praised Zhang Jie. Chen Shou: Since the Han Dynasty, the counties of the Assassination President have been entrusted with the administration of the outside world, not just the time to observe. Taizu Chuangji, until the end of Wei Ye, this is all known as the famous and real people. (Zhang Jie, Wen Hui, Jia Kui, etc.) Xian Jing Da Ji, Wei En also wrote, so he can sue Qi Wanli, see described in Later Ye. Du Lonely and Lonely: Wei and Jin with Jia Xu's planning, Jia Kui's loyalty, Zhang Jie's political ability, Cheng Yu's wisdom and courage, Gu Yong's secret weight, Wang Hun's instrument volume, Liu Yi's judgment, Yu Yi's zhi strategy, and the eight gentlemen. Hao Jing: The people are not ready to work, and the transportation belongs to the military. Suppress adultery, and strict officials. Fu Xi is both kui and kui. Establish the country and xinjiang, and pass it to the cultivation war. Yi Yan Ji Sheng, Bo Da Yan Zhi. How difficult it is to cure peace, the source is sometimes. During Cao Wei's tenure as an official, he made outstanding achievements, and he was worthy of being one of the "Eight Gentlemen of Wei and Jin".

References: Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Wei Luo