Name: Jian Jian
Date of birth and death: 317-355, aged 39
Reigned: 4 years
Origin: The son of a tribal leader
How to ascend to the throne: The founding emperor, the name of the country is Great Qin, historically known as Former Qin, and then there are regimes such as Later Qin. Jian Jian was known as Great Qin because the regime was established in Guanzhong, the territory of the Qin state during the Warring States period. The Hu people of this era were still relatively simple, basically naming their regimes according to the names of the warring states of their own states and counties during the Warring States period. For example, former Zhao and Later Zhao all started in the region of the Warring States of Zhao, first proclaiming themselves the King of Zhao, and then directly calling themselves the State of Zhao. Including pre-swallow, pre-cool after-cool, etc., are all this kind of thinking.
By the time of the chaotic era of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms after the Tang Dynasty, the Hu people became more complicated, and they could go all the way back, saying that they were descendants of the Tang Dynasty, the descendants of the Han Dynasty, the descendants of the Zhou Dynasty, the descendants of the Xia Dynasty, and so on. At this time, the Hu people, at most, can show their destiny according to Xiangrui, heavenly visions, etc.
How to die: death from illness;
Meaning of the imperial name: Emperor Jingming, temple name Sejong, later changed to Gaozu, anyway, the traditional name of the Han Dynasty, the meaning of the founding emperor
Meaning of the era name: Emperor Shi, fortunately, did not dare to learn from Qin Shi Huang;
Main Auxiliary Ministers: ZhiXiong, Yuan, Yu Zun, Lei Wei'er, Mao Gui, Wang Qiu, Liang Leng, Liang An, Duan Chun, Xin Gao
Major policies and influences on the dynasty:
In times of war, the provisional regimes established were similar to the modern types of military governments, with the army as the mainstay, conscription and expropriation of grain and grass. There are not many real administrative policies, especially in minority regimes, and there is not even a basic bureaucratic system. There is also a very simple, one military officer and civil affairs officer per city. All the work is basically about conscripting troops and collecting food, defending the city and surrendering, and leading the army and other people who have surrendered to get a chance to survive. Everything else is unimportant.
When a person acquires a certain amount of territory by force and can protect the temporary safety of more people, it will attract more and more displaced people to turn to, thus further enhancing their strength. Then the territory will be expanded, the power will be expanded, and the population will continue to increase. In this cycle all the way to the limits of this person's ability, because too many people are gathered, resulting in intensified internal factional struggles, or because of too many populations, limited resources, internal competition that causes the system to collapse;
There is also a kind of capable people, so the expansion of the territory and the continuous increase of the population will become a force that threatens the boss. Under such circumstances, the boss will eventually collapse and be replaced by the capable people below, so there will be a phenomenon of frequent regime changes like the Five Hu and Sixteen Kingdoms period, and it is impossible to break this cycle in the short term and stabilize on its own.
Impact on history:
Former Qin, established by Jian Jian, was the most likely regime to unify the country at that time, especially during the reign of Jian Jian, but unfortunately lost to Xie An Xie Shi and others. After the Battle of Shuishui, its loose internal alliance fell apart, losing the chance of reunification altogether and would soon be replaced by other regimes. A regime that relies on force as an internal cohesive force is still a joint regime of ethnic minorities and tribes, and as long as the powerful force and the super suppression ability of individuals disappear, this regime will collapse, which is why the regime of ethnic minorities, especially the steppe tribal peoples, is not long-lasting.
Jian Jian inherited the rights of the tribal chief of his father Zhi Hong, and through his continuous efforts to conquer and expand the territory, and finally according to his father's last words, he seized Guanzhong as a base, thus trying to unify the world, but in the end only realized the unification of most of the north.
When he was young, he was still surnamed Pu (蒲洪), and his name was Pu Hong (蒲洪), the pu of the grass. I believe that this is also a symbol of the Sinicization of ethnic minorities, and it is estimated that the ethnic minorities at that time did not have surnames, which is something that only the high-level civilized society in the Central Plains can have. The surname corresponds to the family society, a symbol of the history, power and glory of a person and a family. When these People of the Hu people were migrated by Cao Cao to live in the Central Plains, constantly interacted with the Han people, learned Chinese dialect and writing, and gradually came into contact with the comprehensive Han culture, they thought of giving themselves a Han-style surname. Including surnames like Murong and Shi, these surnames basically come from this way. With the continuous rise of Pu Hong, you will come into contact with more Han Chinese, more cultured, high-level literati and bureaucrats, etc., and you will feel that the pu of this grass does not actually have any lofty meaning and provenance, and is not a good surname. Therefore, later, in order to prove the phrase "Cao Fu should be called king", it was immediately changed to "苻", which is almost pronounced. The change of a surname is a long history, the history of a family, or even a nation.
The ancestors of Gong Hong were all leaders of the Yu clan, and the position of this leader could still be passed to Zhi Hong, in fact, thanks to Cao Cao's settlement policy. Only in a settled agrarian society can this transfer of power be more peaceful, pay more attention to family inheritance, and not completely compete by force. When the Rebellion of the Eight Kings began, the world was in chaos, and the ethnic minority tribes on all sides, after decades and hundreds of years of suppression, rose up one after another, pulled up the team, and started their own small territory. One is to protect their own people from other armies, the other is to resist the oppression of the Han, and the third is that many ambitious tribal leaders have begun to divide one side, expand their territory, and even unify the world.
Gong Hong was such a person, as soon as the chaotic world arrived, he began to plan with his clan to make meritorious achievements. With the support of his people, he elected Gong Hong as his ally and began to form an army to participate in the central plains chasing deer. Because his power was relatively small at first, he first defected to Liu Yao of the former Zhao regime, and later after the rise of Later Zhao, he turned to Shi Hu. And he did not defect to the founders of these two regimes, but to the generation that was the most powerful, the most aggressive, and the most likely to unify the North.
After Shi Hu's death, because shi Zun, who succeeded to the throne, was jealous of Zhi Hong's ability, he began to squeeze Out Gong Hong, and even Ran Min persuaded Shi Zun to kill Zhi Hong. Under such circumstances, Gong Hong again defected to the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Xiang Hong's power was also in this way, expanding continuously, from Liu Yao's Feng Yihou to Shi Hu's Guanglie general and lieutenant of The Protector. Later, because of his repeated military achievements, he was awarded the title of Grand General of the Che Riders by Shi Hu, kaifu Yi tongsan division, dudu Yong and Qinzhou military, Yongzhou Thorn History, And Liuyang County. At this time, Gong Hong can already be said to be a prince of one side and has a greater power. It can be seen that Gong Hong is a very intelligent opportunist, a lord who does not see rabbits and does not scatter eagles, and he is very ambitious.
In 349, the Later Zhao civil unrest broke out, Shi Zun was killed by Shi Jian, and soldiers and horses fighting for power in various places rose up, and the Central Plains fell into turmoil again. The displaced people in the Yong and Qin prefectures controlled by Gong Hong were scattered, and many ethnic minorities who had been forcibly migrated by Shi Hu had also left this war-torn place. Therefore, Gong Hong organized them to move in the direction of Guanzhong, and the number of people at that time reached more than 100,000.
Shi Jian was originally afraid of Zhi Hong's power, so he took advantage of the situation to appoint Zhi Hong as the military governor of Guanzhong and wanted to send him to Guanzhong. This also coincided with The intention of Gong Hong, who had originally set his sights on this place in Guanzhong and planned to divide Guanzhong and achieve the imperial cause. 350 years later, the edict of the Eastern Jin Dynasty also arrived, naming him the King of Qi, the Great General of the Northern Expedition, and the Governor of hebei, and also agreed to make him a warlord prince.
When GongHong was still planning an attack on Guanzhong, he once intercepted Ran Min's subordinate Ma Qiu, captured him, and appointed him as a general of the military division. Therefore, this General of Ran Min, a person who fully agreed with Ran Min's killing of Hu Ling, pretended to submit to Gong Hong, and persuaded Ran Hong to attack Guanzhong and build it into a base for world domination. This statement is exactly what Gong Hong means, so it has won the trust of Gong Hong. Later, Ma Qiu feasted on Gong Hong, took the opportunity to poison the wine, and poisoned Zhi Hong to death. A generation of tyrants, who may be able to dominate the world, died in such a humiliating way. Fortunately, his son Jian Jian was also a generation of talents, took over the legacy of Gong Hong, successfully captured Guanzhong, and established the state as emperor.
Life:
Jian Jian was the son born to a mother who dreamed of a big bear, and this story was always circulated among many Han sages, founding emperors and princes from the bottom. No way, this is the best way to stabilize people's hearts and show their destiny in ancient times. As long as people's hearts are stable, the people at the bottom will not be so easy to follow those careerists to rebel, and the dynasty will be stable, which is a low-cost and high-yield thing. It's just that this kind of thing is easy to imitate, and when people say a similar story that shows that the destiny has shifted, you can't refute it. It's always hard to say that your story is true, and other people's stories are fake. This is the flaw of getting a benefit without paying a cost, and the world is sometimes fair.
Jian Jian was born in a chaotic world, and around 317, Former Zhao declined. The rise of Later Zhao, as well as the period when Former Liang and Former Yan established political power, was also the most chaotic time for the Great Reshuffle of the Central Plains and the entire North after the Rebellion of the Eight Kings. It was destined that Jian Jian was the fate of growing up in a chaotic world. Therefore, when Jian Jian reached his teens, he was very tall and strong, and he was intelligent and strategic. Shi Hu liked his two fathers and sons very much, and Xiang Hong was indeed very brave and good at fighting, and made a lot of military achievements for Shi Hu. Ran Min and Jian Jian were both talents that Shi Hu was optimistic about, and later proved that Shi Hu's vision of talents was very good, and all those who could look at them were talents who could usurp the throne and claim the title of emperor.
In 350, his father, Gong Hong, was poisoned, and Jian Jian succeeded to his father's throne and continued to rule the forces of the Yu clan. At this time, Jian Jian had five years left in his life. The first thing Jian Jian did at this time was to find a foothold, at this time, Ran Min was pointed out by Bing Feng, invincible, and Jian Jian also had to avoid its sharp edge. Therefore, he could only spy on the Guanzhong Dadi that his father had been thinking about, and the owner of the Guanzhong Dadi at this time was Du Hong, who was still relatively weak compared to Ran Min.
In order to be able to obtain Guanzhong, Jian Jian spent a lot of effort, first building a castle palace in Fangtou, and also arranging for people to develop land and grow wheat in large quantities. This made Du Hong think that Jian Jian had no intention of taking Guanzhong. When Guanzhong let down his guard, Jian Jian suddenly divided his troops into two ways, quickly crossed the Yellow River, and then burned down the pontoon bridge and boats, showing his subordinates and soldiers the heart of death. Soon he captured Guanzhong, captured Chang'an City and the Sanfu area, and successfully achieved his strategic objectives.
At this time, Jian Jian was still very careful, after capturing Chang'an, he first informed the Eastern Jin Court to report victory, showing his willingness to submit, and then tried to find a way to establish a good relationship with Huan Wen, because Huan Wen was stationed in Jingzhou at the time, and the first object of the Northern Expedition was basically Chang'an, and Huan Wen had also recovered Chang'an, but because the grain and grass were not continued, he could only retreat. Therefore, if you want to stabilize your footing and develop Guanzhong, you cannot offend the Eastern Jin Dynasty and Huan Wen.
In 351, Jian Jian stabilized for a while, and Chang'an was also in control, so he couldn't help but raise his level. Therefore, behind the back of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, he called himself the Heavenly King and Da Dan Yu; in Chang'an, he set up hundred officials, crowned queens, and crown princes of the Heavenly Kings. As soon as this side escalated, Sima Xun of Liang Prefecture in the Eastern Jin Dynasty sent an army of 30,000 to attack Jian Jian, who later defeated the Jin army at Wuzhangyuan.
In 352, Jian Jian believed that his position was more stable, and the eastern Jin army was also beaten to the ground. Therefore, he further improved his rank, officially called the emperor, and promoted all the sons of the family to the king, and the title of Da Dan Yu was given to the eldest son, Cang Cang. The empress dowager also defeated the Eastern Jin Dynasty's Xie Shang army and the Former Liang army respectively, further stabilizing her position.
In 354, Huan Wen began the Northern Expedition to Chang'an, and originally Jian Jian had no chance of winning, and in the war, his eldest son Cang Cang was killed by an arrow. Finally, relying on the move of fortifying the wall field, Huan Wen, who was short of food, automatically retreated. Moreover, Jian Jian also arranged an attack on the way to Huan Wen's retreat, resulting in Huan Wen's defeat and return, with heavy losses.
In 355, the founder of a generation of founding kings, the founder of Former Qin who pacified Guanzhong and repelled the Jin army's attack on it, Jian Jian fell ill and died at the age of 39. After Jian Jian, he passed the throne to Crown Prince Gongsheng. It is said that he was very cruel, only one eye could see at birth, but he was very cruel from an early age, and his strength was incomparable, and he could fight with his bare hands against the beast. Gong Hong once asked Jian Jian to kill him, believing that keeping him would harm the family. But Jian Jian couldn't bear it, and in the end, because the eldest son died in battle, he could only pass the throne to this cruel son. The results can only prove that Gong Hong's vision is still very poisonous.
He reigned for only two years, because he was too cruel, he killed people at every turn, whether it was a minister, or a relative, an uncle, or an empress, he killed without a word, and many times it was torture, and the whole of Chang'an became the capital of terror. Later, when Hesheng was planning to kill Jian Jian, he was preemptively killed by Jian Jian, and Jian Jian ascended to the position of Great Treasure. Officially opened the journey of Former Qin to dominate the world, if it were not for the defeat of the Battle of Shuishui, the elimination of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the unification of China is not impossible. Many times, cattle people naturally have the ability of cattle people, and it is impossible to be killed easily.
Jian Yi had twelve sons, his daughters are unknown, and two concubines are recorded. After a lifetime of conquest, it is estimated that there is not much time to marry concubines, but many children have been born.