"Don't hate this flower to fly out, but hate the West Garden, falling red is difficult to embellish" How to understand?
The sentence literally says, "It's no big deal that this flower has flown out, but what is hateful is that the fallen flowers in the West Garden are full of haggard and difficult to repeat." What does "affix" mean? Connect, load, decorate. Why do you use this word here? Because this is a first rhyme, it is required by useful words.
This sentence comes from Su Shi's "Water Dragon Yin Ci Yun Zhang Zhi Fu Yang Hua Ci":
It seems that the flowers are still like non-flowers, and no one is sorry to fall from the teaching. Abandoning the family and the road, thinking is, ruthless and thoughtful. Haunting the soft intestines, sleepy eyes, want to open and close. The dream follows the wind, looking for the place where the lang went, and it is still called up by the warbler. I don't hate this flower, I hate the West Garden, and the red is difficult to embellish. Xiao lai rained, where is the trace? A pool of shreds. Spring color three points, two points dust, one point flowing water. In detail, it is not Yang Hua, but a little tear.
The second rhyme is the step rhyme, that is, the re-writing of the poem according to the rhyme of the poem written by others, and cannot be changed. The ancients had the sayings of step rhyme, rhyme, and rhyme when they should be in poetry, which means that their works are for yinghe.
Step rhyme (次韵) refers to the same as the original rhyme, and the order is unchanged. The rhyme refers to the same as the original rhyme, but the order of precedence has changed. Yi Rhyme refers to a rhyme part with the original work, but the rhyme is different or not exactly the same as the original work.
At a glance, you know that this secondary rhyme (step rhyme) is the most difficult, because the use of words is completely consistent to a large extent limits poetic expression. However, for the ancients with outstanding literary talents, this was not a big problem.
Su Shi's first rhyme "Water Dragon Yin" is to use the rhyming foot of the words written by Zhang Zhifu.
This Zhang Zhifu is also an amazing figure, and his contribution to literature is not as good as Su Dongpo's, but he is far superior in state affairs and armament. Zhang Zhifu, that is, Zhang Rao (jié), a famous general and poet of the Northern Song Dynasty, guarded the frontier, encroached on the land of Western Xia, turned passive into active, and achieved a great victory in Pingxia in the first year of Yuan Fu, which can be said to have completely defeated the main force of Western Xia. Shi Zai "Xia Zi Pingxia's defeat, no longer able to army." Zhang Rao was outstanding in martial arts, and he was given to the Right Silver QingGuanglu Doctor, Taishi, and Duke of Qin, while the Northern Song Dynasty generals Seed Master Dao and Seed Master were all from his account. At the time of his death, Emperor Huizong of Song gave him a high evaluation: Zhang Raocai was both a scholar and a martial artist, and he was rich in ancient and modern learning. Pure heart, white head section.
Zhang Rao and Fan Zhongyan were rare generals in the Northern Song Dynasty's literati leading the army.
Why did Su Shi rhyme with this song of Zhang Qianfu? At that time, Su Shi was demoted to The Huangzhou Regiment for the "Wutai Poetry Case", and Zhang Zhifu was then serving as a prisoner on Jinghu North Road, one in Huanggang and one in Jingzhou. Originally, the friendship relationship was also good, the distance was not too far, and they were in a relatively idle state, so the two often sang poetry back and forth.
At that time, Zhang Zhifu wrote a poem "Water Dragon Yin Yan Busy Warbler Lazy Fang Remnant" and it was on fire. Let's start with his words:
The swallows are busy with the warblers, and the willow flowers are falling on the embankment. Dancing lightly, dotting and painting green forests, all without talent. Idle gossamer, quietly approaching the deep courtyard, the day long gate closed. The beaded curtain is loose and hanging down, and it is lifted up by the front quilt and the wind. Lan Tent Jade people sleep, strange spring clothes, snow stained Qiong. The embroidery bed is full, the fragrance is innumerable, and it is round but broken. When you see bees, stick to the light powder, and the fish swallow the pool water. Looking at the Zhangtai Road, the golden saddle wandered, and there were tears.
At that time, Su Shi was forty-four and Zhang Rao was fifty-four, ten years away from his passage through Western Xia, so the work was relatively stable, maintaining the soft and fragrant characteristics of the word plate. It is estimated that later, when the leader of the battle, he was not in the mood to write such a soft and popular feast.
We will not explain it sentence by sentence, but roughly translate the entire plot.
Swallows fly around, warblers are lazy and silent, and Chunfang is crippled. On the willow embankment, poplar flowers gently drifted down. It danced wildly, making the green woods add snow color embellishment, so beautiful that people lost their voices, and Han Yu's "Yang Hua Yu Pods Without Talent" was really right. With the willows swinging leisurely in the spring, Yang Hua quietly entered the deep courtyard. At noon, the boudoir door was closed and scattered along the beaded curtain. It slowly tried to drift into the boudoir again, but as before, it was lifted up by the wind. The beauty in the incense tent was sleeping, like flying snow, like Qiongyu lightly embellished, and Yang Flowers fell all over her robe. The embroidery bed was also full, gathered into incense balls, but crushed by the woman. Pollen-stained bees are invited, and fish in the pool play in the water. The woman could not sleep, got up and looked at the willow-covered Zhangtai Road where her husband was wandering, the road was long, there was no news, and she couldn't help but shed tears.
The first piece of the poem writes about the beautiful form of the willow flying, and the next piece writes that the woman lives in the boudoir and misses her husband's feelings. In terms of theme, there is nothing new, and it belongs to the taste of the Early Northern Song Dynasty Yan European School. However, the scene is meticulous, the thoughts are long, if it is not shrouded in Su Shi's name, the status of this word is higher. Among them, especially at the end of the film, the "beaded curtain is scattered, hanging down, and it is lifted up by the front quilt and the wind." "The dynamics of Willow are vividly written and have always been praised.
As far as the description of Yang Liu's posture is concerned, even Su Shi's words are not as good, but weak is weak in the woman's lazy state of thought in the next film, beauty is beautiful, and there is no great improvement in the mood, so that the whole word falls into the ordinary weak and gentle mold.
Su Shi saw this word and liked it very much. Even if I had just been freed from the fear of words in the "Wutai Poetry Case", I still had some timidity in my heart, and I couldn't help but send a word to Zhang Rao:
The words of "Willow Flower" are wonderful, so how to word the comers. Ben did not dare to continue the work, and thought about the right willow flower flying out of the patrol, sitting and thinking of the four sons, closed the door and sad, so write its meaning, the second rhyme a song to send clouds, but also tell not to show people.
Your words for writing willow flowers are so good, how dare we pick up? But I think you are the willow flower flying out of the patrol, there should be acacia, just rhyme a song, to solve the "closed door worry", but you don't tell other people ah. Su Dongpo's mentality at that time could be seen from the last seven words, and the impact of the poetry case on him was indeed quite large. And we also know that although he has a rhyme here, the meaning is different, and what he wants to write is not limited to the boudoir.
The rhyming words are "falling, thinking, closing, rising, embellishment, breaking, water, tears." This is why Su Shi's sentence must use the word "affix".
"It looks like a flower or a non-flower, and no one is sorry to fall from the teaching." Abandoning the family and the road, thinking is, ruthless and thoughtful. "The willow is not a flower, but it is like a very flower, and it is that no one pities and lets it fall to the ground." It left the branches and fell into the soil, thinking about it carefully, seemingly merciless, but with its own thoughts.
"Haunting the soft intestines, sleepy eyes, want to open and close." The dream follows the wind, looking for the place where the lang went, and it is still called up by the warbler. "The delicate willow branches are like the soft intestines of Si Woman, and the willow leaves flying obliquely are like Si Woman's spring sleepy eyes, unable to open but dreaming again." In the dream, he went with the wind, looking for his lover, but was awakened by the cry of the yellow warbler.
Su Shi not only rhymes in the previous film, but also continues to depict the scene of Si Woman's spring sleepiness, but unlike Zhang Rao, he does not use too much ink to write Yang Hua's posture, but focuses on si woman's thoughts and sorrow between half dreaming and half waking - meeting with her lover in a dream is not allowed. Although the situation of this kind of annoyance and the tearful woman who can't sleep in Zhang Zhifu's words is the same, her mood is somewhat different.
"I don't hate this flower that flies away, I hate the West Garden, and the red is difficult to embellish." Xiao lai rained, where is the trace? A pool of shreds. "It doesn't matter if the Yang flowers are gone, it can only be annoyed that the West Garden is full of red and withered and it is difficult to refill." In the morning, when the wind and rain blow, where to look for the traces of falling red? They all turned into a pool of Cuiping.
The focus has been shifted from Yang Hua here, what is the focus? It is the spring light that has been destroyed. No longer focusing on Yang Hua's posture, the content of the whole song is elevated from a simple boudoir grudge to an exclamation of the passage of time and the emptiness of life. Do not underestimate this slight change, because of this, the content of this song can be regarded as the sentiment of Su Shi's own experience. If it is still fragrant and thick, it cannot be brought into the emotional expression of the lyricist himself. And different from "fragrant and thick", we call Su Shi's style of words "Qingli Kuangda", which is also a euphemism, but Su Dongpo's euphemism is different.
"Spring color is three points, two points dust, and one point is flowing water." In detail, it is not Yang Hua, but a little tear. "Continue to write that the spring color is disabled, and the spring color here actually refers to the yang flower." The spring color brought by the poplar flowers in the sky fell into the soil, and a small half passed away with the flowing water. It's a realistic scene, but the concluding sentence blurs it. Look closely, where is the Yang Flower, this little bit is the tears of people who leave and miss.
Some friends said that Su Shi used this song to express his demeaning and erratic laments, which cannot be said to be unreasonable, but it cannot be said completely.
Why can Su Shi's song go beyond the original word, and even make posterity think that he is the original? In fact, it is related to Su Shi's own style of thinking. Although he wrote euphemisms along Zhang Rao's train of thought, which is indeed a euphemism, he unconsciously opened up a new way for the accumulation of literary and artistic creation when writing such words.
In fact, we can clearly see the difference between the two people's thinking from the previous appreciation.
Zhang Rao is the old routine, writing scenes - writing si women - sighing tears, the theme and emotions are still confined to the pattern of liu three changes. And Su Shi's writing of scenery and Si Woman- Thinking of Distant People- Spring Light Voidness is obviously more emotionally open, especially in the next film, which can be developed in any other way. "I don't hate this flower that flies away, I hate the West Garden, and it is difficult to embellish the red." It has completely detached itself from the original word card situation and can impress readers with different psychological states to the greatest extent. And the most reader empathy is where poetry succeeds.
Su Shi's outstanding contribution to the word plate is to broaden the limitations of the Song Ci in the theme, everything can be included in the word, heroic and graceful can be expressed, and the Song Ci has been sent to a position where it can compete with Tang poetry.
And this Yinghe work is precisely the obscure entanglement that is different from ordinary euphemisms, and it is not necessarily a node in the transition to boldness that opens up a beautiful and open word style.