Text | Jiang Yinlong
In the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the "Qingliu" formed a party because of its resistance to the eunuch dictatorship, which on the one hand delayed the decline of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and on the other hand, it also built the Qingtan into a powerful weapon of public opinion, so that it could affect the future of the scholars--the most famous of these, but the "Yuedan Commentary".
"Army Division" film and television drama monthly review
The "Yuedan Commentary" is the first day of each month, which is the discussion activity of praising and devaluing contemporary figures or political affairs at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, presided over by the famous scholars Xu Shao and Xu Jing brothers of Runan. The Book of the Later Han Dynasty states: "In the beginning, Shao and Jing had a high reputation, good communist party figures, and changed their titles every month, so Ru Nan customarily had a 'Yue Dan Commentary'. The influence of the "Yuedan Commentary" was so great that the high hanging Yuedan became a synonym for presiding over the examination; the Northern Song Dynasty poet Qin Guan had "Yuedan tasted the first evaluation, and the style of the founding dynasty was illuminated by the Secretary of State." The protégés knew a lot, and they carved their names into the stele as a poem - it is not an exaggeration to regard the "Yuedan Commentary" as an unofficial "golden list" at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Two big words monthly comments
The reason why the "Yuedan Commentary" has a great influence is that Xu Shao and Xu Jing brothers themselves are both famous people at the time, and they are also very knowledgeable. At that time, there were many celebrities who were evaluated by the "Yuedan Commentary", such as Chen Fan as "Zhongjue Jun, Jun is Less Passable", Chen Yu as "Taiqiu Daoguang, Guang is Difficult Zhou"; and xun Jing and Xun Shuang brothers are "both Yuye, Ciming Wailang, Shu Ci Neirun". Chen Bo is one of the "Three Lords", Chen Fan is one of the "Four Chiefs of Yingchuan", and Xun Jing and Xun Shuang are also "Xun Clan Eight Dragons". The brothers Xu Shao and Xu Jing praised and depreciated them, and they had to have their own magic and do their best.
Xu Jing Xu Shao, true public opinion master
The "Monthly Dan Review" is more derogatory. At that time, Hao Jie was like Tao Qian, Xu Shao said that he was "famous on the outside, but not true on the inside", and Later Tao Qianguo was "dazed and worried about death"; Yuan Shu was "his man Jackal, can not last long", and later said. The brothers Xu Shao and Xu Jing were discerning and discerning, "what is called is like the rise of the dragon, and what is degraded is like falling in the abyss", so it is "popular in the discussion of purity, singing the grass, and being convinced by the public".
I Tao Qian was the first to be dissatisfied!
Therefore, those who are lightly judged by the "Moon Dan Review" are almost equivalent to being sentenced to the "death penalty" in the world of scholars. It's just that although Xu Shao and Xu Jing brothers are as wise as torches, after all, people are not sages, and they can be blameless, and Tai Shi Ci is an example. Xu Shao's evaluation of Tai Shi Ci was so low that when Sun Ce attacked Liu Sui, the latter did not dare to take Tai Shi Ci as a general, precisely because "if I use Ziyi, Xu Zi will not laugh at me for my evil." This move made Tai Shi Ci descend to Sun Ce and eventually become a generation of famous generals.
I'm too Szy for the second disobedience!
Celebrities are like this, not to mention the people of Yunyun, even if they are high-ranking officials and nobles, they cannot "change their behavior", for fear of being lightly spoken by the "Moon Dan Commentary". Yuan Shao, who was usually domineering, was afraid of being criticized by Xu Shao, and when he returned home, he was extremely low-key, and when people asked why, they said, "How can I meet Xu Zi when I am satisfied." Cao Cao was born in the "ugly relics of the castration", and he wanted to get the "Yuedan Commentary" even more, and even wanted to "serve the gap and threaten Shao", so he had no choice but to comment on "Jun Qingping's traitor, the hero of the chaotic world" in Xu Shao. This comment was later said to be "the capable minister who governs the world, and the adulterous male who is in the chaotic world", which also reflects xu Shaozhi's uniqueness.
You don't need to boast, you can just say it!
As a cultural phenomenon that flourished at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the "Yuedan Commentary" certainly stemmed from the prevalence of the qing tan, but the more profound background behind it was the cultural and political influence of the Shi dafu Group. In the Han Dynasty, the selection of officials was mainly based on the system of inspection and recruitment, of which the evaluation of public opinion was a crucial part, and presiding over public opinion also meant enjoying the power of recommendation. From "Three Kings" to "Eight Kitchens", they are themselves the product of this power of public opinion, and being among these names also gives them the power to create public opinion. Li Bing, the head of the "Eight Concubines," reached the level of "a scholar who is accepted by him, named Denglongmen"; Guo Tai and Fan Huan in the "Eight Gu", one is "the name of The Tai, the character is determined", and the other is "It is better to die of moss, and the tao cannot be violated", and the power of the public opinion of the scholars can be seen.
"Langya List": In fact, it is also a kind of monthly evaluation
Xu Jing's name was not prominent until Liu Bei pacified Yizhou. In the "Table of Persuasion of the King of Hanzhong", Xu Jing ranked second only to Ma Chao; in the table of "Persuading the King of Hanzhong to Claim Honorific Titles", Xu Jing was ranked first, and his power was even heavier than that of Pang Yi, Sheyuan, Zhuge Liang, Guan Yu and others who had military merits and political achievements, which had to be said to be the prestige of famous soldiers. After Cao Pi became emperor, in addition to letting Hua Xin, Wang Lang, Chen Qun and others write letters to Zhuge Liang to persuade him to surrender, he also made Wang Lang ce oppose Xu Jing, and behind the flow of celebrities, I am afraid that he can still faintly see the remnants of Zheng Shuo of the Han Dynasty.
Fazheng: Reuse Xu Jing to dazzle near and far
After decades of turmoil, the Eastern Han Dynasty moved toward three points in territory. In terms of political power, at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was also divided into three major groups: eunuchs, foreign relatives, and scholars. Among them, the "Ten Constant Attendants", "Three Juns", "Eight Servants", "Eight Gu", "Eight Harmony", and "Eight Kitchens" passed through the clouds, and finally pushed the world war situation to the climax of the Spring and Autumn Warring States. Although Kyushu thus entered into turmoil, it also composed a thrilling historical hymn - various forces, various ideas, and various trends stirred up the heavens and the people, and finally sublimated into the magnificent Three Kingdoms Era.
The Three Kingdoms are in turmoil
Standing in the era of three legs, zhang rang and Dou Wu's disciples have long disappeared into the dust, while the scholar group has still become the backbone of the times, planning the future historical trend for the Three Kingdoms era. This scene can't help but make people sigh that "the Crouching Dragon Prancing Horse will end in the loess soil", and what can really withstand the times is not the fame and wealth, glory and power, or even the grand righteousness and the people's hearts, but the condensation of human beings' exhaustion of their wisdom... experienced. Just as Fan Zhongyan's "Silver Lantern and Ouyang Public Seat Sub-title" said:
"Last night because of looking at Shu Zhi. Laughing Cao Cao, Sun Quan, Liu Bei. Exhausted the organs, in vain, only three parts of the world. Qu Finger carefully pondered, scrambled, Liu Ling was drunk. No one is a hundred years old. Less obsessed, old and emaciated. Only in the middle, some teenagers, can't bear to tie the floating name. Yipin and Qianjin, asked the white hair, how to avoid. ”