In order to further standardize the naming of proprietary Chinese medicines, the State Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) published the Technical Guidelines for the Naming of Generic Names of Proprietary Chinese Medicines (Draft for Comment) (hereinafter referred to as the Principles) on its website on 9 January 2017. The formulation of principles should reflect the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine, respect culture, and inherit traditions.
China's traditional Chinese medicine culture has a long history, a long history, and is broad and profound, which is a precious wealth of the Chinese nation and has made great contributions to the reproduction and prosperity of the Chinese nation. Chinese leaders have always attached great importance to the development of traditional Chinese medicine.
Our great leader Chairman Mao once pointed out: "Chinese medicine is a great treasure house, and we should strive to explore and improve it." It can be seen that it has a high evaluation of Chinese medicine and lists Chinese medicine as a major contribution of China to the world.
President Xi Jinping, the current national leader, once pointed out: "Chinese medicine embodies profound philosophical wisdom and the Chinese nation's thousands of years of health care concepts and practical experience, is the treasure of ancient Chinese science, but also the key to open the treasure house of Chinese civilization, but also the forerunner of the great rejuvenation of Chinese culture." ”
Chinese medicine culture has penetrated into various fields, and the poetry and song of the ancients and the number of articles have the shadow of Chinese medicine. In ancient China, there was no distinction between medicine and martial arts, and there was a so-called "medical and martial family". Wu is the basis of the novel, and in martial arts, it is inevitable that death, injury, illness and disability will occur, and it is natural to use medicine to treat medicine at this time. Only wu, without medicine, without medicine, is imperfect and unsystematic. In ancient times, there was such a saying: the great doctor is the great martial artist. For example, Huang Yaoshi in Jin Yong's novel "The Legend of the Archery Hero" is not only a martial arts master of martial arts, but also a master of the essence of medicine. We can see this from his conversation with Zhou Botong.
(Huang Yaoshi) took out a jade box from his arms, opened the lid of the box, took out three scarlet and bloody elixirs, and handed them to him: "Bo Tong, the world's wound medicine, I am afraid that there is no right of my peach blossom island impermanent Dan." Take one every seven days, and your internal injuries will be free. Now I'm sending you out of the island. Zhou Botong nodded, took the Dan medicine, took one, adjusted his breath to protect the wounds, and after a while, spit out a mouthful of bruised blood, and said: "Huang Laoevil, your Dan medicine is very smart, no wonder your name is 'Medicine Master'." ——— "The Legend of the Archery Hero"
Wuxia novels often focus on the depiction of traditional Chinese medicine for the sake of the needs of the storyline, and this phenomenon is particularly prominent in Jin Yong's wuxia novels. The number of drugs mentioned in Jin Yong's wuxia novels is about 70 kinds, and the scope involves almost all of his martial arts works, especially "The Tale of the Dragon Slayer in the Heavens", "Laughing Proud of the Jianghu", "The Tale of the Flying Fox", "The Legend of the Archery Hero" and several other works, and there are a large number of and concentrated contents in this regard. The main drug names mentioned in the novel are listed below:
Rotten Bone Piercing Heart Cream, Seven Worms Seven Flowers Cream, Drunken Immortal Hibiscus, Qiwu Fragrant Wood, Qingdra Flower, Three Corpses Brain God Dan, Golden Wave Flower, Golden Silkworm Poison, Ten Fragrant Soft Tendon Scatter, Broken Intestine Scatter, Yin and Yang Harmony Scatter, Sorrowful Crisp Breeze, Ten Fragrant Ecstasy Scatter, Three Laughing Escape Scatter, Ascension Pill, Hundred Flowers Viper Snake Cream, Leopard Fetus Easy Tendon Pill, Corpse Powder, Nameless Blue Flower, Blood Dwarf Chestnut, Daigo Incense, Ghost Bat, Seven Hearts Begonia, Red Scorpion Powder, Broken Intestine, Snake Medicine, Crane Top Red, Fan wood turtle, Nameless Anesthetic, Three Centipede Five Toad Smoke, Silkworm Poison, Peacock Bile;
Horse chestnut begonia
Five-colored scorpion, intoxicating bee, jade bee, colored snow spider, nine-tailed spirit fox, golden snake, gold and silver snow snake, ice silkworm, lightning marten, mangled clam, flower-spotted scorpion, pit viper;
Nine-tailed spirit fox
Poria Shou Wu Maru, Jiuhua Yulu Pill, Sangbei Pill, Peach Blossom Island Impermanent Dan, Tong Rhinoceros Dragon Pill, Hemostasis Muscle Pill, Shengsheng Zhaohua Dan, Snow Ginseng Pill, Nine Turning Bear Snake Pill, Vermilion Ice Toad, Golden Doll, Eight Pills of Continuous Life, Ox Yellow Rhino Horn Powder, Tianxiang Intermittent Glue, Jade Cave Black Stone Dan, Jade Spirit Scatter, Black Jade Intermittent Cream, Cold Ice Toad Cream, Absolute Love Dan, Tianwang Bao life Dan, Snow Ginseng Jade Toad Pill. (The above is a magic elixir)
Vermilion Ice Toad
The above lists the main drug names mentioned in Jin Yong's novel, from which several characteristics of the naming can be seen: First, the drug names are mainly poisons and so-called panacea and supernatural animals and plants. Second, the drugs written are medicine-made agents
Lord, there are also some single-flavored medicines, mainly some precious herbs and divine plants and plants. Are these drugs in line with cfda's "Technical Guidelines for naming Generic Names of Proprietary Chinese Medicines"? Let's analyze it.
1 The principle requires that the generic name of proprietary Chinese medicine should be scientific and concise, the general number of words should not exceed 8 words, the dosage form should be clear in the name, and the dosage form should be placed at the end of the name.
Mr. Jin Yong's drug names are as little as 2 words, more than 6 words, except for some animal and plant single-flavored medicines (seven heart begonias, jade bees) are marked with dosage forms, which is fully in line with the principle of naming requirements.
From the structural analysis, these Chinese medicine words are partially positive structure, they are mainly polysyllabic in syllables, of which pentasyllabic and trisyllabic syllables account for the majority, such as "Tong Rhinoceros Dragon Pill, Three Corpse Brain Divine Dan, Black Jade Intermittent Paste, Tianxiang Intermittent Glue, Three Laughing Idle Scattering, Five Treasures Nectar Wine, Snow Ginseng Pills, Absolute Love Dan" and so on. This is because as a medicine, the most important thing is to introduce the medicinal materials, efficacy, symptoms that will appear after taking the drug, etc., followed by the introduction of its dosage form. This is in line with the expression habit of Chinese word order, with important information first and secondary important information second.
2 The principle requires that nomenclature be "necessary and reasonable". Generally, no personal or geographical names are used.
Most of Mr. Jin Yong's drug names conform to a principle. There are few personal names and place names before the general drug name. Only the exception of "Peach Blossom Island Impermanent Dan" is enough to show that the Impermanent Dan refined by Huang Yaoshi is indeed different, and the effect after Zhou Botong's trial is not difficult to verify. Now Tongrentang's Black Chicken White Phoenix Pill has the word Tongren printed on the drug packaging in front of the drug name, which may also be inspired by the impermanence of Peach Blossom Island. However, now such names as Yunnan Baiyao may also be considered to be renamed.
3 Principles require that the use of suggestive, exaggerated terms should be avoided, and exaggerated, self-proclaimed, and unrealistic terms should not be used.
From the name of Mr. Jin Yong's medicine, except for a few "Heavenly King Bao life Dan" and "Eight Pills for Continued Life", there are very few that directly exaggerate the efficacy. In order to enhance the miraculous rendering of the novel's therapeutic effect, enhance the persuasiveness to produce stronger credibility. Mr. Jin Yong is also not stingy in the formulation or preparation method of these elixirs. For example, regarding the "Heavenly King Bao Ming Dan", the work points out that it was refined from countless rare medicinal materials, among which the three-hundred-year-old mountain ginseng, white bear bile, snow lotus and other things are particularly rare. ("Deer Ding Ji") is also known as the "Eight Pills of Continued Life", which is made by "collecting thousands of years of ginseng, poria, ganoderma lucidum, deer antler velvet, shou wu, lingzhi, bear bile, sanchi, musk and other precious medicines, nine steaming and nine sunburn".
But now the name on the market contains the words "sugar reduction, blood pressure reduction, lipid reduction, anti-inflammatory, cancer" and other words; "treasure", "spirit", "essence", "strong force", "quick effect" and other terms; "imperial system" and "secret system" and other praise words are innumerable. Enter the above words in the CFDA drug database to query, the drug classification is set to Chinese medicine, a total of 5326 approvals, these "blacklisted" drugs may be facing the pain of name change. In the future, we may no longer hear the familiar names of "quick-acting heart-saving pills", "powerful loquat dew", and "wind oil essence".
4 Compound formulations may be named according to the different composition of the prescription according to the following methods, as appropriate.
(1) Abbreviation of the name of the medicinal material and naming in combination with the dosage form
The medicines in Jin Yong's novels are named after the abbreviation of the drug name plus the dosage form. For example, Ouyang Feng's anti-poison holy medicine "Tong RhinoCeros Dragon Pill" was obtained from the body of a beast in the Western Regions (rhinoceros internal organs stones), with a white-necked earthworm (earth dragon), and was refined by Ouyang Feng with medicinal materials. Wear it on the body, the poison is not invaded, and the poisonous snakes and poisonous insects are respected and far away.
Ouyang Feng's Tongxi Dilong Pill and Huang Yaoshi's Nine Flowers Jade Dew Pill and Peach Blossom Island Impermanent Dan
(2) Using the main function plus dosage form naming, you can use metaphor, pun, borrowing, duality and other rhetorical techniques to express the efficacy of the formula.
Jin Yong's novels are named after the "hemostasis muscle pills", "corpse powder" and "broken intestines". "Drunken Fairy Hibiscus" uses anthropomorphic rhetorical techniques,
"Rotten bone piercing cream", "hemostatic muscle pills", etc. use dual rhetoric, "rotten bone" and "piercing heart", "hemostasis" and "muscle growth" are "positive dual" in the dual, that is to say, the meaning expressed before and after is the same or similar, complementing each other. That is, two phrases or sentences with the same structure, equal number of words, and symmetrical meanings are used to express opposite, similar, or related meanings. Abstract, esoteric, and unfamiliar things are explained by concrete, superficial, and well-known things to explain the efficacy of drugs.
The current Yuehua Pill uses a metaphorical rhetorical technique, "Moonlight", which the ancients referred to the moon or the halo around the moon. This formula can nourish the yin and moisturize the lungs and treat the disease of tuberculosis. Because the lungs belong to the yin, it is the canopy of the five treasures, just like the brilliance of the moon, so it is called "Yuehua Pill".
Now the changing pills are named after borrowed rhetoric, the changing pills are composed of cinnabar and aloe vera two-flavored drugs, take wine and pills, take it with yellow wine, have the function of laxative laxative, used to treat dry gastrointestinal knots, stool is not clear, upset and irritable, sleep restlessness and evidence. "Changing clothes", in ancient times, called the euphemism of large and urine, the name of the party is changing clothes, and after taking the medicine, the stool can be smoothed in a short period of time, and the symptoms disappear. Replacing the toilet with changing clothes is not only elegant, but also understands the meaning.
(3) The use of drug flavor number and the main medicinal material name plus dosage form naming.
The medicines in Jin Yong's novels are named more by the flavor number plus dosage form. Such as "Seven Worms and Seven Flowers Paste", "Three Centipedes and Five Toad Smoke", "Nine Flowers Jade Dew Pill".
Above we simply discuss the problems of Traditional Chinese medicine, especially Traditional Chinese Medicine, involved in Jin Yong's novels. We found that most of the drug names in the novel conform to the "Technical Guidelines for the Naming of Generic Names of Proprietary Chinese Medicines", and inherit the characteristics of traditional Chinese culture, fully combining the advantages of aesthetic concepts, so that the names of proprietary Chinese medicines are both scientific and standardized, and reflect a certain traditional Chinese cultural heritage. It can be seen that Mr. Jin Yong is knowledgeable and talented, not only the content of the martial arts novels he writes is broad and profound, but the knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine is also quite rich and systematic. Based on the profound knowledge of Chinese medicine, the author gives full play to the artistic imagination and builds a colorful world of Chinese medicine for us, which is worth learning from those of us who are on the "blacklist" when changing the name of drugs.