Dear audience members, welcome to the History Storytelling Library. Today we talk about Duan Qirui's three creations of the republic, and Duan Qirui's first creation of the republic was to help Yuan Shikai become the provisional president of the Republic of China, and incidentally destroyed the Qing Dynasty. Yuan Shikai was able to become the provisional president, Duan Qirui helped Yuan Shikai, that was a suggestion, Yuan Shikai was also a person who knew the en tu, so Duan Qirui rose in the water and became the chief of the republic of China army. At this time, Duan Qirui was also obedient to Yuan Shikai,there was no second word, the sword mountain dared to go to the sea of fire and dare to break in, as long as the eldest brother let me cut whoever I wanted. At that time, these revolutionary parties did not look at the head of Yuan Da, the provisional president of the Republic of China, and they were looking for fault all day long, and Yuan Shikai still had to be polite with these revolutionaries.
But Duan Qirui, who had a heavy army in his hands, was not accustomed to the illness of these revolutionary parties at all. Duan Qirui was really a cruel man, and if anyone dared to blow up the thorns, Lao Tzu would kill them. The revolutionary party also did not take Duan Qirui seriously, so something finally happened. By June 8, 1912, the revolutionary party did not pay attention to Duan Qirui, and the two sides finally had an accident. On August 16, 1912, Duan Qirui could not bear it, and he killed Zhang Zhenwu, the culprit of the Wuchang Uprising, and the whole country was shocked.
When Sun Yat-sen and Huang Xing heard this news, they were angry at the time, pointing at Yuan Shikai's Beiyang government as a scolding street, and we, the president of Yuan Da, felt that it was a mistake, so we pushed Duan Qirui as a shield in front. Our old Duan is still in style, there is no second word, if any of you disobey me, I will die, and who will fight with me less here. When these revolutionary parties heard Duan Qirui's words, they did not take Duan Qirui in their eyes, and the revolutionary party was also a bunch of deaf people.
When they were working against Daqing, these people were also the lords who held bombs and went into the crowd, that was also life and death, and they didn't do it at all, duan Qirui, who do you love. The eldest brother of this group of revolutionary parties went to the Parliament to impeach Duan Qirui, but Xiucai encountered soldiers who could not explain the reasoning, and President Yuan Had to rely on Duan Qirui, so he gave Duan Qirui the rank of official, named Duan Qirui a general in the army, and awarded him the Jiahe Medal of the second class.
President Yuan Da and the revolutionaries were embarrassed by each other, and these two groups of people could not urinate in a pot at all, and Yuan Da's head was guarded against the revolutionary party from the beginning. On 10 March 1913, Duan Qirui borrowed 200 million yuan from Jebsen Foreign Bank in Germany to buy arms to suppress the revolutionary party in the south.
Originally, the two groups of people were already fighting, but then there was an accident, and on March 20, the leader of the Kuomintang, Song Jiaoren, was assassinated. This matter was found on zhao Bingjun, the then premier of the state, so that Yuan Shikai was the yellow mud in the crotch of his pants, either dead or dead. The revolutionary party pointed at Yuan Da's head, and the bald head scolded the mother, which was done by your Yuan Da head. At that time, Yuan Shikai was also a thief, and the death of an important person had become a mystery for eternity, and it was not clear who did this, and the two sides could not even say that they could not go together, so don't talk nonsense.
So Sun Yat-sen led the Dharma Protection Movement and began to fight with Yuan Shikai, so Duan Qirui began to lead the Beiyang Army to fight with the revolutionary party in the south. The old Duan led the soldiers that has a set of people you have been for a long time, what do you say today to kill you? At that time, Mr. Sun's troops were all small warlords in the south, and they did not carry beatings at all. As soon as Duan Qirui arrived, his soul was scattered, Mr. Sun's Dharma Protection Movement was declared a failure, and the revolutionary party in the south was suppressed by Duan Qirui. At that time, Yuan Shikai of the Republic of China was the president, and there was also a vice president in the south, that is, Li Yuanhong, and the old Duan felt that this was not possible, and he could not go out of the two families, so he sent xu Suzhen, a close associate under his hand, to the south to invite Li Yuanhong back to me.
Xu Shuzheng is a stunned, horizontal vertical can not see this Li Yuanhong, so with a gun to tie Li Yuanhong back to Beijing, Li Yuanhong on this road on the pole trembling, from then on Li Yuanhong saw Xu Director's heart is weak, this time President Yuan Da and Duan Qirui that is intimate, a person in the Forbidden City singing red face, a person singing white face everywhere, China's political stage has simply become these two goods, the two turned theater, these two plays are quite superb, really life is like a drama, all depends on the acting skills, But once this person is a cow, it is easy to swell, and this Yuan big head is not addicted to being the president. He later wanted to be emperor, and yuan datou wanted to be emperor, and the honeymoon period between President Yuan Da and Duan Qirui was over.
Duan Qirui read in a private school when he was young, he studied Song Ming Theory, he also knew what loyalty was to serve the country, he was also loyal to Yuan Shikai, but don't forget that Duan Qirui went to Germany to study, he stayed in the ocean, ate bread, drank coffee, the foreign set of things he had seen, although Duan Qirui did not know what kind of political system China needed, but Duan Qirui understood that China did not need what kind of political system, the presidential dictatorship this is not allowed, but regressed to the feudal imperial system, it is absolutely impossible, So what do you President Yuan Da do, my old Duan supports you, only you are the emperor, this matter is not negotiable. Yuan Shikai also understood that he wanted to be emperor, Duan Qirui just did not support him, then this is not OK, this is not OK, the old Duan has heavy troops, this is not OK. If you don't have military power, you can't do anything, and you have power out of the barrel of a gun, and this is the truth, so President Yuan Da set up an office of the Grand Marshal of the Army and Navy, and made it the highest military command organ of the government. This is Yuan Da's head attributing military power to himself.
The current army chief Duan Qirui, that is a name, is a decoration, is a mascot, Yuan Big Head wants to be president, at the beginning it was also trying to win Duan Qirui, that is the reward that should be rewarded, the seal should be given, can give everything that can be given, but this Duan Qirui is ignoring Yuan's brain, anyway, there is no real power, so Duan Qirui has no real power anyway, so Duan Qirui gave the work to his close associate Xu Shuzheng, and he became a hand-thrower.
Let's first say that Xu Shuzheng is particularly famous in the evening drama, and people give nicknames small fans. In ancient times, in the feudal period, officials had a master around them, and the master was the official's think tank and military division. Although the master does not have an official position, his status is quite high, and the official also attaches great importance to the master, and this master generally stands next to the official, holding a small folding fan in his hand, and he is giving advice to the official. In Western Anhui, Xu Shuzheng was the old Duan subordinate who gave advice to Duan Qirui, and that was also a wealth of talents, such as Jin Yunpeng, Wu Guangxin, Duan Zhigui, and so on.
But Duan Qirui trusted Xu Shuzheng the most. Although the old Duan has no real power now, but he is in the Beiyang Army, that is to say that there is no difference, the officers in the middle and upper levels of the Beiyang Army, that is Duan Qirui's people, and Duan Qirui has always been the general office of the Baoding Military Academy, his students have long been all over the Beiyang Department, so whether it is the middle and upper levels or the lower level, that is Duan Qirui's people, Yuan Big Head wants to be the emperor, but Yuan Big Head does not lack heart and eyes, he can see it, the current Beiyang Army is Duan Qirui's world, I am now talking more and more difficult to make, So I think when the emperor must have an army that I can trust, so Yuan Datou sent his reserve army, that is, his own son Yuan Keding, after the signing of the civil treaty, the foreign minister Lu Zhengxiang told the reporter that the signing of the treaty: "Weak countries have no diplomacy", so that Yuan Shikai's image in the hearts of the people was a plummet, and finally fell to the bottom. And Duan Qirui, who has been rolling up his arms and rolling up his sleeves to do a big job with little Japan, that person is enough, his status among the people is rising in a straight line, Yuan Big Head wants to be emperor, then he must raise a foreign country must first be inside, these small Japan even if they do not help themselves, can not go to the south to help Sun Yat-sen, Sun Yat-sen's relationship with Japan heard that it is also a thief iron, if I am excited to do with the little devil, the southern revolutionary party will definitely take advantage of the fire and robbery, saying that I also have to stabilize little Japan.
Yuan Shikai wanted to become emperor, and that had become an open secret, against him in a bright and upright manner. Except for the revolutionary party in the south, the comrade-in-arms was Duan Qirui, and the other people were all aiming at it quietly, and they really did not dare to make a mistake with President Yuan Da. Wang Shizhen and Feng Guozhang, the two Beiyang bigwigs, have remained neutral, while several of Duan Qirui's younger brothers in the late play, such as Jin Yunpeng, Duan Zhigui, Tanaka Yu, Lu Yongxiang, and Zhang Xun, all support Yuan Brain's title of emperor, the reason is that as long as President Yuan Da is called emperor, we are the founding heroes, so grandpa of the god of wealth wears a black hat, wants money and money, and wants power and power.
President Yuan Da did everything that Duan Qirui should have done. Since you toast and don't eat, then let you eat the penalty wine, Yuan big head, do not do two endlessly, can not move the gourd, can not sprinkle oil. He gave Duan Qirui the position of chief of the army to Wang Shizhen, and took Duan Qirui's small fan Xu Shuzheng to the end. Duan Qirui couldn't run to Tianjin and became a fool. By December 12, 1915, Yuan Da head ascended the throne of the Republic of China and changed the era name of the Chinese Empire to Hong Xian, and Yuan Da Head was called emperor, and the whole country went crazy. All localities have carried out a campaign to woo Yuan, only calling it the second revolution, especially Cai Yi in Yunnan, that is, the head is sharpened and Yuan Shikai is dead, and if there is one fight, there is two fights and three fights, so the powerful factions throughout the country are suddenly smoke, this time Yuan Big Head has become a lonely man, no one has taken care of him, and old Yuan is completely empty.
After being emperor for more than 80 days, Yuan Shikai announced his abdication, and on March 22, the old Yuan announced that he would take the imperial system, abolish the Hongxiannian title Yuan Datou and return to the president of the Republic of China. At this time, Yuan Datou invited Duan Qirui, who was a fool in Tianjin, and restored all of Duan Qirui's official positions. Not only was the chief of the army still the premier of the state, but at this time, the personnel of Yuan Da's head completely collapsed, but Duan Qirui's personnel design was getting higher and higher, and the original brain was more and more depressed.
On June 6, 1916, Yuan Shikai passed away, and a generation of tyrants came to an end, and before Yuan Da's head died, there was a list of successors, the first vice president Li Yuanhong, the second was Xu Shichang, and the third was Duan Qirui. At this time, Duan Qirui was already full of wings, and the real power of the Beiyang Army had completely fallen into the hands of Duan Qirui.
The best of these three people is Duan Qirui, Li Yuanhong and Xu Shichang have no real power, especially Xu Shichang is a trickster, but he is still a Beiyang person, the great president Li Yuanhong, he is not a Beiyang person at all, he can start, that is, when the Xinhai Revolution, Li Yuanhong was taken away by these revolutionary parties, and after a few days as a puppet leader became a national Internet celebrity, he had neither real talent nor practical learning, and he had not yet led troops to fight and govern, that was also a half-hanger.
But Li Yuanhong was the vice president, the first candidate to succeed the president, let Duan Qirui defend Li Yuanhong, Duan Qirui was unhappy with 100,000, but there was no way to force the situation, and had to support this Li Yuanhong. Li Yuanhong not only did the people of Beiyang look down on him, the revolutionary party in the south also did not look up to this goods, Li Yuanhong repeatedly betrayed the revolution, that is a two-faced and three-sword master, but Li Yuanhong had an advantage, although his ability was average, he was an old and good man, and he could not be guilty of several parties.
Duan Qirui thinks that this Li Yuanhong is a very good puppet, it turns out that you are a puppet, so the power is still Duan Qirui's.
Since Li Yuanhong became the president of the Republic of China, this government-court dispute has begun, and the dispute between the government and the state council is that the presidential office and the state council can't urinate in a pot, and in China, it is Duan Qirui of the State Council who really makes a decision, not the grand president Li Yuanhong.
During this period of time, Duan Qirui did everything by himself, and did not pay attention to The Great President Li Yuanhong at all. The outbreak of the First World War in 1914, when the battlefield was mainly in Europe, was a dog-bite-dog war between the powers and the great powers, and China did not have half a dime, but in China a lot of politicians followed Germany inextricably linked, so many people towards the German-dominated Allied countries, especially Li Yuanhong's relationship with the Germans, and later the neutral United States and Japan joined the Allies side, at this time the Chinese government was faced with a choice, Duan Qirui can not care who the price tag is high, I'll mess with whomever I want.
Duan Qirui saw that there were more powers in the Allies, so Duan Qirui made conditions with the Allies, and the first condition was to gradually increase tariffs. The second is to delay the payment of Gengzi's indemnity, that is, the Xinugu Treaty of 450 million taels of silver, which of our hands is really tight, for a while and a half is not on, can we slow down? The third is the abolition of the partial remuneration treaty clause.
Duan Qirui also proposed that our Republic of China will not send troops to Europe to participate in the war, the old Duan thinks so, if the Beiyang soldiers are sent to the European battlefield, the revolutionary party in the south will definitely take advantage of the fire and looting, at that time I will help you great powers fold yourself into it, this is not cost-effective, but I can contribute resources to labor, the Allies and these powers, they can accept the terms proposed by the Chinese government, they will let the Chinese government declare war on Germany as soon as possible.
Japan's interior prime minister also sent Nishihara Kamezo to discuss secretly with Duan Qirui, and Japan will provide economic assistance to Duan Qirui, as well as a loan of 200 million yen, all of which Duan Qirui himself did, and did not say hello to Li Yuanhong at all, Duan Qirui was already flying and stumbling, and then came a first cut and then a play, forcing Li Yuanhong to stamp and sign the government message declaring war on Germany.
Li Yuanhong's heart is 1 million unwilling, but there is no way, he has pain can not say, he is a decoration, mascot. The characteristic of the mascot is that people are willing to put you wherever they want to put you. In this way, China joined the Allies and participated in the First World War, and even if Li Yuanhong's temper was good, he would not be able to bear that day.
So Li Yuanhong finally became angry, that is, a mud bodhisattva, he also has three points of earthiness, Li Yuanhong colluded with a group of state councillors to express dissatisfaction with the cabinet, and from then on the State Council was inseparable from the Parliament.
Later, Li Yuanhong had a bunch of blind staff officers under him, who gave him a bunch of bad ideas, and he pushed the boat along the water to remove Duan Qirui from his posts of premier and army chief. Duan Qirui looked at where he was also a blindfold, I looked down on you Li Yuanhong, you are really a man, dare to play with me this. Okay, Duan Qirui didn't say anything and took Xu Shuzheng to Tianjin.
This time Li Yuanhong is a bit vain, what is this old duan going to do? It's not going to be yin with me. So Li Yuanhong found the Beiyang strange Zhang Xun, to help him with the field, Zhang Xun himself left a braid, people sent the nickname braid marshal, his army is also kept, braids, nicknamed braid army, this goods all day to night in his heart, that is, the restoration of the Qing Dynasty, this is good, Li Yuanhong led the wolf into the room, Zhang Xun first thing into Beijing is to disband the Parliament, and then wear the Qing Dynasty's imperial clothes, with the top of the flower plume ran to the Forbidden City, to the Puyi Emperor side of a kneel, the subject rescue driver came late, that is to give the emperor a meal of three prayers and nine buckles, that is to give the emperor a meal of three prayers and nine buckles, After the dissolution of the Parliament, Li Yuanhong ran away with a cigarette.
On June 15, 1917, Zhang Xun was restored, and the whole country was shocked, you Zhang Xun is really a beam-jumping clown, and you dare to play this matter. The first one to jump out was Duan Qirui, who declared himself the commander-in-chief of the Tao Rebellion Army and returned to Beijing with his Own Beiyang Army to kill Zhang Xun. Duan Qirui's troops and Feng Guozhang's troops have already entered the Lugou Bridge and Langfang, Zhang Xun came to Beijing to bring not many people, his subordinates are all in Xuzhou, Zhang Xun will send electricity to Xuzhou, let his subordinates bring troops to help, his subordinates will see Zhang Xun play restoration, you are playing with fire and self-immolation, I am not mixed with you.
Zhang Xun was suddenly empty, he ran to the Dutch legation, Zhang Xu's braided army saw Zhang Xun run, they were also scattered by trees, one by one, all the squirrels were stirred, and the farce of restoration lasted for more than ten days.
Then Emperor Puyi announced his abdication again, Puyi this emperor is also unique in Chinese history, this cargo three times ascended the throne, three abdications, this is really no one. After the end of the restoration farce, Li Yuanhong was also discouraged, and I would no longer be the president, and I would no longer be the mascot under Duan Qirui.
So Li Yuanhong sent a telegram to the whole country, asking Vice President Feng Guozhang to act as president, he did not do it, brother and I went to the field, this time Duan Qirui became the premier of the state again, Duan Qirui this is three times, at this time Duan Qirui is already a three-fold republic, first overthrow the Great Qing, and then force Yuan Shikai to abdicate, this time to drive Zhang Xun away.
Looking at zhang xun's face as an old minister of Beiyang, Duan Qirui let Zhang Xun go, and since then Zhang Xun has left the Chinese political stage, at this time the president has become Feng Guozhang, and Duan Qirui can no longer summon Feng Guozhang like Playing Li Yuanhong.
Feng Guozhang, that is a man with a temper, people send nicknames, Beiyang dog, Duan Qirui's nickname, that is the Tiger of Beiyang, Duan Qirui took the Money of the Japanese to prepare to unify China by force, just when Duan Qirui fought a big battle, the warlord Feng Guozhang was strengthening his own strength, one was the ruling faction, the other was the power-grabbing faction, the contradiction was self-evident, this became a new government dispute, is it the Beiyang Tiger fierce, or the Beiyang dog fierce? We'll come back to you in the next episode, and that's it for today, thank you, we'll see you in the next issue.