The name "Ten Bamboo Zhai" originates from the zhai number of Hu Zhengyan, a famous painter and printer in Nanjing in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Hu Zhengyan (1584-1674), courtesy name Cong, was the master of the Ten Bamboos. In the twelfth year of the Ming Dynasty (1584), born in Wenchangfang, Xiuning, Anhui, his father was the Duke of Yangning, and he had been a physician for generations. The three brothers, brother Hu Zhengxin, the word is nothing; brother Hu Zhengxing, the character is written; Hu Zheng is the second in words and deeds, known as the second duke. Little ying, erudite and literate. And the elder, with his father to practice medicine in the township. In the thirty-first year of the Wanli Calendar (1603), the family moved with their father to Liu'an Wangjiangwan in western Anhui Province, and moved to Huoshan.
According to the Qing Dynasty's "Guangxu Huoshan County Chronicle Volume 11", "Hu Yuecong of the State Dynasty, a native of Hui County, began to move to Liuzhi Wangjiangwan, searching for Huo, and taking medicine as his profession. His studies run through the Five Classics, and he is the author of the Shangshu Filial Piety, several kinds of medical books, and the Two Books of Lanzhu Spectrum. Later, he went to nanjing Guozijian, where he participated in the compilation and official book work of the school magazine. According to the "Southern Xinjiang Yishi Vol. 41 Hu Zhengyan Biography", "For the sake of the Guozi Supervisor Shangsheng, the Nanjing Ministry of Rites ordered the compilation of the "Complete Book of edicts", the school journal "Qinzhi Primary School", and the "Record of Table Loyalty". As a labor counselor, he was appointed to the hanlin academy, but did not go to the capital and fell. Since then, he settled at the foot of Jinling Jilong Mountain, and began to make notes, print, engrave seals, publish picture books, and named the house where he lived "Ten Bamboo Zhai". According to Li Kegong's "Ten Bamboo Zhai Notes": "The master of the Zhai Nei: Yue Congshi, Hu CiGongye. The second public house has a fresh breeze, the door is not vulgar; the dust standard, elegant and bamboo. Taste the kind of Cuijun more than ten rods in the between the trees, XinXi Bogu, entertaining himself, fixed in the name of ten bamboo fast. At that time, Hu Zhengyan studied with the Nanjing Shangyuan calligrapher Li Deng, learning seal writing and zhiyin. According to Jin'ao's "Jinling To be Recruited, Volume 6": "Yue Cong, xueshu Yu Li Xinye (登), Gong Seal, good engraving. Li Kegong's "Ten Bamboo Zhai Notes and Narratives" Yun: "(Zhengyan) Taste the study of the six books of the ancestors such as Zhen Weng Shang, the Moyun Bell Keystone Drum, and the families next to it." Therefore, the seal, the affiliation, the truth, and the line, for a while, walked alone. Hu Zhengyan himself also said in the "Seal Book Zheng Bao": "Yan, recession and lack of school, zhi stealing archaeology, young servants such as Mr. Zhen Li, received the will of Wen Li. "Li Deng, a famous calligrapher in Nanjing at the end of the Ming Dynasty, was proficient in the Six Books of Seals. According to Zhu Xuzeng's "Jinling Poetry, Volume 23": "Deng, the character Shilong, a word as true, Shangyuan people." Jiajing Yi Ugly Bagong, Guan Xinye Zhi County, Chang Chongren Teachings, Late Li Ren Laosheng ... Deng is three years old and lonely, calligraphy is alone, XiaoZhuan learns the Yishan Stele, and Zhong Dingwen is particularly wonderful. Xinye Xie NiuGuili, Xiu Yongmuhui, yiju people, and Yao Fenglu raised the baishe, the economic society, the Qingyou society, and the Changgan society to forty people. The family has 'Yi I Pavilion', which has been under the forest for more than thirty years, and the age of death is eighty and six. "In the forty-fifth year of the Wanli Calendar (1617), Hu began to make ink and paper. In the forty-seventh year of the Wanli Calendar (1619), he made a hand-engraved and printed "Ten Bamboo Zhai Calligraphy and Painting Notation", and it was not until the seventh year of the Apocalypse (1627) that the "Ten Bamboo Zhai Calligraphy and Painting Notation" was engraved and printed.
In the third year of Chongzhen (1630), his brother Hu Zhengxin and his brother Hu Zhengxing went from Huoshan County to Nanjing's Jilong Mountain House to run the ten bamboo zhai engraving work with Hu Zhengyan. The main work of Zhengxin and Zhengxing is to compile and revise a batch of medical books and to review some shixian scriptures. According to the "Supplementary Simple Preparation Prescription , Attached To the Old Quotation": "In the summer of Gengwu (1630), (Xin) and Ji Di traveled from the White Gate of Huoshan Mountain, trapped in the bus, and hid the Jiming Mountain House. At that time, most of the books engraved by Shizhuzhai were jointly edited by the three Hu brothers. For example, under the volume of Zheng Eryang's "Sun Tzu Ming Xie" and "Shi Gua Xie", "Haiyang Hu Zhengxin, Hu Zhengyan, Hu Zhengxing"; Ye Tingxiu's commentary on "Shi Tan" under the volume, engraved "Nothing Hu Zhengxin, Hu Zhengyan, Zi Zhu Hu Zhengxing More Fixed". It can be said that brothers are in the same heart, and their profits are broken. In the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (the first year of Qing Shunzhi, 1644), on the recommendation of the Ming Libu attendant Lü Daqi, he engraved the Shangbao Zhu Seal for the small court of Zhu Yousong, the king of southern Mingfu. According to the "Southern Frontier Yishi Volume 41 Hu Zhengyan Biography": "The Southern Capital Cangchang Lijun, the fashion treasure Zhu Xi was reduced to a thief, and the edict was waited for the seal to be carried out, and the ceremonial minister Lü Daqi said to the dynasty: 'Hu Zhengyan, the boya gong seal law, can be ordered to supervise. 'The envoy was summoned to the Ministry of Works, archeological, and the overseer Fan Jin was the first to become the 'Treasure of Guangyun'. Following the purchase of large jade, the opening carving, the dragon wen mantis button, engraved 'emperor's treasure'. Baocheng, Zhengyan also wrote the "Great Treasure Proverbs" and offered them with treasures. It is roughly said: 'The great treasure of the ancestors will be passed down through the ages.' Since the apocalypse, the eunuchs have snored, and the treasures have fallen to the ground. Emperor Shengming succeeded to the throne, held the fist and fist, for seven years out of ten, and was not sluggish. Misfortune and loss, Your Majesty the Illuminator. Yi Yue: The great treasure of the saint is known as the throne, how to keep the position of ren. Only His Majesty prays for eternal life in heaven, with benevolence as the treasure, Kezan Zhongxing, vengeance and shame, and obedience to the old things, then the great treasure is eternal, and the heavens are infinite. Poetry: Heaven is difficult, fate is not easy! The way to keep the treasure is just that. 'Shu Shang, edict wu ying hall zhongshu sheren. The saying goes: 'I am an official of the art museum!' 'Not subject to words.' "In the second year of Qing Shunzhi (1645), the "Ten Bamboo Zhai Notes" was written, the fourth year of Shunzhi (1647), the "Yincun" was initially issued, the sixth year of Shunzhi (1649), the "Stone Spectrum" was engraved into a book, and in the decades after entering the Qing Dynasty, Hu Zhengyan continued to print and publish various books until the thirteenth year of Kangxi (1674) without illness, and quietly died in the Ten Bamboo Zhai.
Throughout Hu Zhengyan's life, Gongshu is good at painting, not only a master of printing and engraving books, but also an expert in ink and paper making. According to the "Hu Yue From the Introduction of Calligraphy and Painting", "The beginning is ink, followed by the avoidance of ink for printing and painting." Murdo double-ridged dragon-like, printed cedar, zixing will, the note is like a cloud of blue wheat light, do the magic of the Zoberus fence. It is precisely because Hu Zhengyan has a multi-faceted and exquisite artistic attainment that the "Ten Bamboo Zhai Calligraphy and Painting Notation" and the "Ten Bamboo Zhai Notes" have reached an unprecedented level.
The "Ten Bamboo Zhai Calligraphy and Painting Notation" contains 8 categories of calligraphy and painting, ink and hua spectrum, fruit spectrum, plum spectrum, orchid spectrum, bamboo spectrum, plum spectrum, and stone spectrum, each of which has 40 figures, and each picture is equipped with handwritten inscriptions and poems. Some of the pictures and texts are self-written by Hu Zhengyan, some are the inscriptions of the famous artists Gao You, Wu Bin, Wei Ke, Wen Zhenheng, Wu Shiguan, Zhu Wanzhong and others, and some are copied from the works of Zhao Mengfu, Tang Yin, Wen Zhengming, Chen Daofu, Shen Zhou and other Yuanming calligraphers and painters. A total of 180 paintings and 140 calligraphy pieces were collected, sprinkled with foreign flowers, green petals, and flowers. The love of flowers, the posture of bamboo, the desire to fly good birds, the worms moving, the strange stones and smoke clouds, the changing of the clouds, can really be described as "light and thick, the article is radiant; sparse and dense, the width is chaotic and true". It is not only the materials appreciated and copied by the calligraphy and painting circles, but also the exquisite art treasures.
The "Ten Bamboo Zhai Notes" collects a total of 289 letterhead atlases and corner flower diagrams, divided into 4 volumes and 33 categories, volume 1 is 7 categories such as Qing Offering, HuaShi, Bogu, Painting Poems, Strange Stones, Hermits, Sketches, etc.; Volume 2 is 9 categories such as Dragon Species, Shenglan, Renlin, Wuhua, Fengzi, Folding Gift, Moyou, Ya play, Rulan, etc.; Volume 3 is 9 categories such as Rumu, Dihua, Yingqiu, Yuze, Minxue, Jixiu, Shangzhi, Weidu, and Gaobiao; Volume 4 is 8 categories such as Jianyi, Shouzheng, Lingrui, Xiangxue, Yunsu, Baosu, Wenpei, miscellaneous manuscripts, etc., and the content includes Shangding Zhou Yi, Gutao Hanyu, etc. Landscape figures, flowers and cordyceps, etc., each note is 21 cm high and 13.5 cm wide, with a white mouth and one side around it. Although the format is small, the engraving is rigorous and exquisite, the brushwork is simple and vivid, the picture is symmetrical and neat, and the content is beautiful and bright. It is particularly worth mentioning that Hu Zhengyan combined the "Raoban" color overprinting and "arch flower" technology and applied it to the printing of the "Ten Bamboo Zhai Notes", which was an epoch-making revolutionary breakthrough for the single-page coloring and printing at that time, and there was no reproduction for more than 300 years, so the original was extremely rare. In 1934, Lu Xun and Zheng Zhenduo borrowed the original from Wang Xiaoci in Tongxian County, and entrusted Rong Baozhai to re-engrave the seal, and the first engraved copy was published.
Since the advent of the "Ten Bamboo Zhai Calligraphy and Painting Notation" and the "Ten Bamboo Zhai Notes", it has been praised, just as Zheng Zhenduo said, "Elegant craftsmanship, ancient and unrefined, and the blood of the painting style of the time." The "Pictorial Notation" and "Notes" engraved by Ten Bamboo Zhai are particularly the most exquisite and beautiful in color woodcuts." In 1962, the Nanjing Shizhuzhai was rebuilt, and began to imitate and create engraving paper, sorted out and reprinted the original engraving "Jinling Zouzhi", and created modern prints, so that the ancient Shizhuzhai regained its youth and once again became famous at home and abroad.
If you need to participate in the exchange of ancient books, please reply to the [Rare Books and Ancient Books] public account message: group chat
Welcome to join the Rare Books And Ancient Books Learning and Exchange Circle
The auction is new every day, more than 30,000 ancient books, and 500,000 high-definition pictures.