One day in early February 1955, Yang Shuda, who was far away in Hunan, received a letter sent from Zhongnanhai in Beijing, and he opened the letter with joy, which read: "Mr. Yufu, I have received the books and works you sent, thank you, I heard that your condition is better, I am very happy, wait for Mr. To fully recover, welcome to Beijing to play, salute." "This letter was actually written by Chairman Mao, what kind of person can make the chairman worry about his stomach and call him Mr. When the Chairman visited him in person, why did he reprimand him: "Where is the big money?"?
Today, Lao Yan will talk to you about the chairman's mentor Yang Shuda, and talk about the feelings of the two people who are also teachers and friends.
Before the start of the main topic, you may wish to pay attention to it a little bit and review the history with Lao Yan
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="7" > Shuxiang Mendi, and the chairman was acquainted with the chairman in the First Normal School</h1>
Yang Shuda was born in 1885 in a family of scholars at the end of the Qing Dynasty, his father was a teacher, he attended the first new-style school in Hunan at an early age, and was deeply influenced by the reform school Liang Qichao and Tan Sitong, in 1905 he went to Japan to study, learning Japanese English and natural sciences, and during his study in Japan, he deeply felt the poverty and weakness of China, and painstakingly learned the knowledge of the country.
During his studies, he used the old learning foundation since childhood to master the foundation of ancient Chinese literature, returned to China in 1911, successively taught at the Hunan Provincial Women's Normal College, Hunan Provincial First Normal School, during his tenure in Hunan First Division, became Chairman Mao's philology teacher, the chairman loved ancient Chinese, was very interested in writing and writing, and often asked Yang Shuda questions, Yang Shuda also liked the diligent and inquisitive student in front of him.
Former US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger once said in "On China": "Chinese is always well protected by the bravest among them." Their era was an era of pedantic ignorance of the people, and fortunately they were born a group of enthusiastic young people like Chairman Mao who followed in the footsteps of the former servants and struggled to find the road to national salvation.
In 1915, Yuan Shikai stole the fruits of the revolution and disregarded the will of the people, vainly attempted to claim the title of emperor, and accepted the "Twenty-One Articles" of the ambitions of the Japanese wolf, and the people of the whole country were indignant, and Mr. Yang Shuda was also furious, and wrote an article accusing Japan of its ambitions to invade China.
Although Chairman Mao was born in the feudal dynasty at the end of the Qing Dynasty, his father was a slightly wealthier peasant, but Chairman Mao rushed from Shaoshan to Xiangxiang to the provincial capital Changsha, his vision became more and more broad, and the knowledge he accepted was contrary to his father's expectations. In 1915, Chairman Mao did not go home, but chose to study and write in school, busy criticizing Yuan Shikai's surrender behavior, he went to Yang Shuda house to discuss state affairs and the study of national salvation as soon as he had time, Yang Shuda told him about Japan's reform of changing the law and trying to become stronger, and the chairman's thinking on the country and the nation was gradually getting better and deeper.
One day the chairman fell ill because of the old running under the hot sun, Yang Shuda was very anxious, hurriedly invited a doctor, a person in a foreign country, the chairman can be described as a fortunate teacher, under the care of Yang Shuda, the body recovered quickly. Nowadays, we rarely see this kind of teacher-student relationship, there is no interest involved, just like friends to appreciate each other, exchange knowledge, so the two laid a lifelong teacher-student relationship in school.
In 1918, the Anhui warlord Zhang Jingyao led troops to violently attack the provincial capital, claiming to be the governor of Hunan, relying on force in Changsha no one, no evil, no evil, the people of Hunan called him "Zhang Poison", for a time the people complained, the common people were afraid of Zhang Jingyao's means, but Chairman Mao was not afraid of him. In 1919, when the May Fourth Movement, which had a far-reaching impact in modern history, broke out in China, the chairman also mobilized young students and the masses in Changsha, and for a time the academic circles and industrial and commercial circles responded one after another, setting off a "driving out" movement in Hunan.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="7" > drove Zhang into Beijing, and the teacher argued on the basis of reason</h1>
In December of the same year, Chairman Mao launched a general strike of students throughout the province in the hope of driving out the warlord leader Zhang Jingyao, and in early December, Chairman Mao, as the citizen representative of the delegation to drive Zhang, and Yang Shuda, as the representative of the academic circles, went to Beijing to petition for the demands of students and citizens. On the 18th of the same month, the delegation rushed to Beijing, when it was already in the middle of winter, the sky in Beijing was heavy snow, the cold wind was biting, the branches of the trees were firmly wrapped in ice, the chairman and Yang Shuda braved the wind and snow to rush into the High Office of the Beiyang Government at that time - Zhongnanhai Fengze Garden, then President Xu Shichang, Premier Jin Yunpeng ignored the students' demands, refused to receive student representatives, and the guards obstructed them.
Neither the chairman nor Yang Shuda was subdued, and the righteousness was awe-inspiring, and they commanded the students to rush in, and the soldiers could not stop them, and the delegation entered the Fengyang Garden. Under the efforts of the delegation, Jin Yunpeng's secretary general agreed to the negotiations, and the citizens, academics, and students each sent two representatives, and yang Shuda took the case at the beginning of the negotiations, and asked in a loud voice: "So many students in Hunan braved the wind and snow and cold from Hunan to go to Beijing to petition, why don't you, as government representatives, come forward to solve the problem?" "The Secretary-General of the Cabinet was momentarily speechless when asked.
On December 28, Chairman Mao and Mr. Yang gathered at the Hunan Guild Hall in Beijing to convene a citizens' assembly from all walks of life, and the petitioning force became stronger and stronger, and the congress requested the parliamentarians present to guarantee the expulsion of Zhang Jingyao from Hunan. ”
In addition, Chairman Mao also gave full play to the advantages of his pen pole, set up a civilian news agency at The Fuyou Temple in Beijing, and sent a large number of news every day to seek the support of domestic public opinion, and the news was sent to the newspapers in major cities in Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Wuhan.
In June 1920, the "Exorcism" movement finally ushered in a turning point, and under the condemnation of the people of the whole country and the threat of force of Tan Yanmin and Cheng Qian of the Xiang Army, Zhang Jingyao left Hunan in ashes.
At that time, Chairman Mao admired the teacher's demeanor of loving the country and the people, being jealous and hateful, and arguing on the basis of reason, which also deeply encouraged Chairman Mao's determination to fight for the Chinese of the people. When Chairman Mao stepped into the house of Fengyang Garden, he still remembered the events of that year, and when he met with his old classmate Li Si'an who returned from Nanyang in 1951, he also asked: "Do you remember when we braved the cold and sat on the cold bench at Xinhuamen?" Li Si'an smiled and of course remembered.
After the end of the "Exorcism" movement, Yang Shuda did not accept the official position given by the government, but insisted on doing a good job in education and learning, while Chairman Mao devoted himself wholeheartedly to the building of the Communist Party of China and china's revolutionary cause.
In 1920, Yang Shuda went to Beijing to engage in the study of ancient chinese, phonological grammar and rhetoric, and in 1937 he became the head of the Chinese Department of Hunan University and the dean of literature, closely linking teaching, research and writings, and writings by himself, and finally forming a work, which is very detailed and concise.
After the two separated, Mr. Yang also often cared about the situation of this proud protégé, and in 1935, he learned that the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army had broken through lao Chiang's five large-scale encirclements and suppressions, climbed the snowy mountains and crossed the meadows to reach northern Shaanxi, he was very happy, and he also wrote poems to express his joy and sadness that he could not "raise the Prancing Horse" in old age.
On October 1, 1949, Chairman Mao announced the news of the founding of the People's Republic of China to the whole world at Tiananmen Square, Yang Shuda burst into tears, chairman Mao himself who was "half-literate and worried about the world" did not misread it himself, he led the Chinese people to win the victory of the revolution, this outstanding scholar who loved the country and the people, born in the late Qing Dynasty, experienced warlord scuffles and the japanese slaughter of the Chinese people, and today Chairman Mao finally solemnly announced to the world that China has stood up. He wrote down the joy of "realizing all his dreams in his life, smiling frequently and waiting for the first hill".
After the founding of New China, in order to support the cause of China's liberation, Yang Shuda let his son join the army to serve the country, although he was old, he still devoted himself to the cultural cause of new China with unremitting efforts, and successively published 18 monographs.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="7" > Chairman's gift of money led to misunderstanding, Mid-Autumn Festival moon in the South China Sea</h1>
In June 1955, Chairman Mao returned to Changsha, and this time when he returned home, the chairman went to visit his seriously ill mentor Yang Shuda, who had asthma all year round, lay in bed and gasped badly, coughing up phlegm from time to time. The chairman saw that the teacher was so uncomfortable, and immediately arranged for the entourage to buy some medicines, and also took out his own 500 yuan manuscript fee to the teacher's mother.
Yang Shuda is full of righteousness, always vigilant about money, at that time 500 yuan can be said to be a huge amount of money, he was very unhappy when he heard so much money, and said to the chairman solemnly: "Runzhi, a gentleman loves money and has a way, you are not the president of the student union of the First Normal School, you are now the president of a country, where do you get so much money?" As soon as Poplar said this, the room was suddenly silent.
Zhou Shizhao, who was accompanying him at the time, knew that Mr. Yang hated corrupt officials the most, and he quickly explained: "Sir, please rest assured that the chairman's income is now under the control of the organization, and he is still half-penniless." ”
At this time, the chairman stood up and answered: "Sir, all this money is the money I gave to me when I went to the Soviet Union to speak, and they translated my articles and works to give me the manuscript fee, and more than that!" Today's medicine and money are all from the manuscript fee, which is also the result of the labor that Mr. Li deserves to educate us students. ”
Yang Shuda laughed and praised the chairman: "It is indeed a great fortune for the country to have this realization!" I'm the one who blames you. This smile did not tighten, Yang Shuda's asthma came up again, the cough was violent, the whole body trembled involuntarily, saliva flowed from the mouth, and the people next to him did not know what to do? Only to see the chairman lift up the lying Yang Shuda, gently caress his chest with his hand, quickly pick up the spittoon, and tap the teacher's back with his hand.
Yang Shuda hurriedly signaled the chairman to put down the spittoon, don't do this, at this time Mr. Yang has already spit out a few mouthfuls of thick phlegm with blood, covered his mouth and nose and said to the chairman: "Runzhi, I really can't stand you!" Came to me and helped me with a spittoon. Zhou Shizhao saw the situation and wanted to take the spittoon in the chairman's hand, the chairman refused on the spot, and said to Yang Shuda: "Sir, don't feel uncomfortable, this is what students should do, you once taught us the truth of being a teacher for a day and a father for life. ”
This is not the end, when the teacher lay down, the chairman wanted to clean the spittoon in the courtyard, Zhou Shizhao could not sit still, how could the chairman of the tangtang country wash the spittoon, and hurriedly wanted to persuade the chairman to let himself come and let him go to the house to talk to the teacher more, but at this time the chairman had already walked to the courtyard to rinse.
Before leaving, the chairman helped his mentor to cover the bedding, and Yang Shuda shook the chairman's hand with a sick body and said: "Runzhi, those who win the hearts of the people will win the world, and those who have talents will prosper the world, and although the country is gradually on the right track, you must also remember it." The chairman said that he would definitely remember his teachings, never forget to serve the people well, and invited Yang Shuda to go to Zhongnanhai to admire the moon.
In September, Yang Shu arrived in Beijing for a meeting, and came to Zhongnanhai at the invitation of the chairman to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival, the chairman set up a banquet to accompany him, and invited a number of mr. Yang's old friends in Beijing to accompany him, and during the meal, the chairman recalled the "exorcism of the past" of that year and said: "When Mr. Yang braved the cold to stand in front of the Xinhua Gate, holding the muzzle of the soldier's gun, for three hours, didn't he feel cold? ”
Cold is of course cold, but as soon as they thought of going to Beijing to petition this time, they ignored it, and I was so angry that I forgot about the cold. ”
The chairman laughed loudly, and then showed his true feelings: "It is precisely because of your great righteousness that inspired the students to come to this day" During the banquet, several people chatted more and more happily with the Mid-Autumn Festival, and after the meal, the chairman personally rowed a boat with Mr. Yang in the lake to admire the moon, and the next day Yang Shuda also accepted Premier Zhou's invitation to Tiananmen Square to watch the National Day celebration.
Yang Shuda spent the last Mid-Autumn Festival in Zhongnanhai, but also the happiest Mid-Autumn Festival in his life, in 1956 has been smiling often, cheerful, in 1956 a generation of famous teachers Yang Shuda died of illness in Hunan, at the age of 71, the news spread back to Beijing, the chairman was sad, called the Hunan CPPCC to convey condolences to Mr. Family.
Yang Shuda's high wind and bright festival and the chairman's profound righteousness tell us about a friendship between teachers and students, respecting teachers has always been a traditional virtue of our Chinese nation, and now this cultural connotation has gradually declined in modern society.
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