In 225 AD, Zhuge Liang, the chancellor of the Shu Han Dynasty, launched the Battle of the Southern Expedition, and he led an army of 30,000 to sweep away the fallen leaves with the autumn wind and pacify the entire southern central region. In order to completely suppress the barbarians in the south, Zhuge Liang adopted Ma Mo's tactic of "attacking the city as the bottom, attacking the heart as the top". On the one hand, he implemented the "seven captures and seven verticals" plot against The Powerful Meng Yu in Nanzhong; on the other hand, Zhuge Liang personally designed a copper drum.
After investigation, Zhuge Liang found that all the barbarians in Nanzhong believed in ghosts and gods, so he did his best to create a huge copper drum. According to historical records, this copper drum is round and extremely large, and the large one can even hold a cow. This drum is wide on the top and girdled in the middle, with an open lower end. There are water god beasts on the drum surface, there are fine patterns around it, the color is not particularly turquoise, and when it is beaten, it makes a hissing sound, and if it is placed on the water, the sound will be even louder.
Whenever Zhuge Liang went out on expeditions, he would ring this kind of brass drum. In the valley of the south, the sound of golden drums shook the earth, and even the mountains and rivers trembled. The south central region is humid and rainy, and military musical instruments such as cowhide drums and horns are easily damp, and Nanman has almost never heard such a loud sound. Therefore, in their view, Zhuge Liang's brass drum is tantamount to the roar of the gods and ghosts, and everyone is frightened and frightened According to the records of the Rongzhou Chronicle, Nan Man heard the drum and thought that Zhuge Liang had summoned the water god, so they all surrendered.
After Zhuge Liang conquered Nanzhong, he prepared to drive back to Chengdu. However, the brass drum is heavy and inconvenient to carry. Therefore, Zhuge Liang specially gave these brass drums to the barbarian kings in Nanzhong and frightened them: "This drum was made by the gods of heaven, and Er and others should be loyal to the Han." Otherwise, the Han Dynasty would take back these brass drums, and the fortunes of the Southern Barbarian Kingdom would never be exhausted! ”
In this way, Zhuge Liang's bronze drum was regarded as a god by the Nanzhong barbarians and passed down from generation to generation, just like the national jade seal. In the south central region, tribes that can hide two or three brass drums can be kings. Whenever they went out to rob and beat brass drums on the high mountains, the barbarians gathered in an instant, and the cattle were gathered with dozens of horses. As long as they hear the drums, the barbarians can be a hundred times more energetic, thinking that they have received divine blessings.
With the passage of time, Nanzhong was gradually transformed into Yungui by the Han People. Before the Ming Dynasty, the Yunnan-Guizhou region was rampant, and there were semi-independent small countries everywhere. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Ming Dynasty has been completely conquering the entire southwest region. Therefore, the Ming Dynasty, based on the Muwangfu in Yunnan and Guizhou Province, carried out a policy of "changing the land and returning to the stream" for the southwest toasts. When they encountered disobedients, they mobilized a large army to kill them on the spot.
In the southwest of today's Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, in north-central Myanmar, there was a powerful Tusi state called the Luchuan Kingdom. The kingdom was founded in 1312 by the Dai chieftain Si Khan Fa. After that, Si Khanfa conquered the east and west, becoming one of the few powerful regimes in Southeast Asia. After that, the Luchuan Kingdom repeatedly defeated the Yuan army and ruled across the Lancang River from the Yuan Dynasty.
After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, the Luchuan Kingdom initially pretended to be a vassal of the Ming Dynasty, but in fact it had been spying on the ming army's virtual reality in the southwest, ready to encroach on the Ming dynasty's land in Yunnan. However, Zhu Yuanzhang was far-sighted, and he made his adopted son Mu Ying the Duke of Qianguo, and guarded Yunnan for generations. As a result, the Ming Dynasty established a base for the conquest of the Luchuan Kingdom.
From 1385 to 1388, the Ming Dynasty and the Luchuan Kingdom repeatedly broke out into war. Among them, in 1387, King Silunfa of Luchuan sent 300,000 troops, more than 100 war elephants, to baiyachuan to capture the Russian pottery, and encountered the Ming army in Nanjian. Mu Ying saw that there were many war elephants in the enemy army, so he decided to use firearms against the enemy army, because the war elephants were afraid of both fire and noise. Subsequently, Mu Ying sent the fire wrenches into three columns and fired at the war elephants of the Luchuan Army without interruption. In the end, the Luchuan army was defeated, losing more than 100,000 people.
After that, the Ming Dynasty and the Luchuan Kingdom repeatedly went to war, and decided to cut down the grass and root it. In 1441, the Ming Dynasty appointed Xibo Jiang Gui as a general, and Wang Ji of the Bingbu Shangshu To supervise military affairs, and sent 150,000 troops to luchuan. In 1442, Wang Jiqiao deployed a firearm array, once again defeated the elephant soldiers of the Luchuan Kingdom, and successfully entered and occupied the luchuan king's city, "Guanghehan".
In Guanghehan, the Ming army plundered on a large scale, and almost all the treasures accumulated by the Luchuan Kingdom for a hundred years were seized by the Ming army, including the ninety-three sides of zhuge copper drums. According to the Luchuan people, the one who can make a sound is the upper drum, which is worth a thousand cattle; the second is worth seven or eight hundred cattle. After a thousand years, Zhuge Liang's brass drum can still be beaten, which is really magical.
Hearing that the copper drum that had accumulated for many years had been swept away, Si Renfa, the fleeing King of Luchuan, cried: "Zhuge Kongming's prophecy has been fulfilled, and the brute luck will end from now on." As a result, the core territory of the Luchuan Kingdom was all occupied by the Ming Dynasty, and it collapsed and eventually went to extinction.
After the demise of the most troublesome Luchuan, the southwestern toasts surrendered to the Ming Dynasty, and the speed of land change and return was greatly accelerated. By the time of the Qing Dynasty, most of the independent toasts in the Yunnan-Guizhou region had been wiped out, and China's control over the southwest region was never broken.